Pharmacokinetic interactions between drugs and dietary supplements: carbohydrate, protein, vitamin and mineral supplements

2015 ◽  
pp. 85-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Berginc
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Mineral Supplements ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Interactions

scholarly journals Dietary supplement use in elementary school children: a Japanese web-based survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazue Ishitsuka ◽  
Satoshi Sasaki ◽  
Hidetoshi Mezawa ◽  
Mizuho Konishi ◽  
Maki Igarashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Dietary Supplement ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Mineral Supplements ◽  
Supplement Use ◽  
Health Related Behaviors ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Dietary Supplement Use ◽  
Frequency Of Sports Participation

Abstract Background A variety of dietary supplements are commercially available. However, the efficacy and safety of dietary supplement use in children are not well established. Understanding dietary supplement use is important for developing public health policy regarding dietary supplements. This study aimed to investigate the types of dietary supplements used and characteristics of dietary supplement users among Japanese elementary school children. Method We conducted a cross-sectional web-based questionnaire study. Dietary supplement use, socio-demographics, and health-related behaviors were assessed through mother-reported questionnaire. Types of dietary supplements were identified based on ingredient using product barcodes and brand names. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to investigate the socio-demographics and health-related behaviors associated with supplement use. Results Among 4933 children, 333 (6.8%) were identified as dietary supplement users. The most common supplement was amino acids or protein (1.4%), followed by n–3 fatty acids or fish oil (1.0%), probiotics (1.0%), multivitamins (0.9%), multivitamin-minerals (0.8%), and botanicals (0.8%). Overall, any dietary supplement use was significantly associated with the highest frequency of sports participation (odds ratio [OR], 2.58; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.65–4.02), highest household income (OR, 1.87; 95% CI, 1.13–3.10), highest maternal educational level (OR, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.31–2.52), and male sex (OR, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.09–1.75). The highest frequency of sports participation was significantly associated with higher odds of use of amino acids or protein (OR, 6.06; 95% CI, 1.78–20.6) and multivitamins (OR, 3.56; 95% CI, 1.11–11.5), compared to the lowest frequency of sports participation. Conclusion This study showed that Japanese children primarily use non-vitamin, non-mineral supplements. Non-vitamin, non-mineral supplements should thus be included in future studies aimed at monitoring dietary supplement use. We also found that dietary supplement use in children was associated with sports participation. Guidelines for dietary supplement use for children, in particular sport participants, are needed.

Use of Dietary Supplements by Elite Figure Skaters

2003 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 266-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula J. Ziegler ◽  
Judy A. Nelson ◽  
Satya S. Jonnalagadda
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Mineral Supplements ◽  
Figure Skaters ◽  
Supplement Use ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Total Fat

The present study examined the prevalence of dietary supplement use among elite figure skaters, gender differences in supplement use, and differences in nutrient intake of supplement users versus non-users. Male (n = 46) and female (n = 59) figure skaters completed a supplement survey and 3-day food records. Descriptive analysis, chi-square test, and independent t tests were used to analyze the data. Sixty-five percent of male (n = 30) and 76% of female (n = 45) figure skaters reported use of supplements. Forty-seven percent of males and 55% of females reported daily use of supplements. Multivitamin-mineral supplements were the most popular dietary supplements consumed by figure skaters. Significant gender differences were observed in the use of multivitamin-mineral supplements (61% males vs. 83% females, p < .05). Echinacea and ginseng were popular herbal supplements used by these skaters. The 3 main reasons given by male figure skaters for taking supplements were: to provide more energy (41%), to prevent illness or disease (34%), and to enhance performance (21%). Among female figure skaters, the 3 main reasons given were: to prevent illness or disease (61%), to provide more energy (39%), and to make up for an inadequate diet (28%). Significant differences (p < .05) were observed in protein, total fat, saturated fat, polyunsaturated fat intakes, and % energy from carbohydrate and total fat of male supplement users versus non-users, with supplement users having higher intakes except for percent energy from carbohydrate. Sodium was the only nutrient significantly different (p < .05) among female supplement users versus non-users, with supplement users having lower intakes. Given the popularity of dietary supplements, it is important to understand the factors influencing athletes’ use of supplements, their knowledge and attitudes regarding supplements, dosage of supplements used, and the effectiveness of these dietary supplements in meeting the goals of the athletes.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Characteristic of Dietary Supplement Users in Malaysia: Data From the Malaysian Adult Nutrition Survey (MANS) 2014

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nor Azian Mohd Zaki ◽  
Mohd Naim Rasidi ◽  
S Maria Awaluddin ◽  
Tee Guat Hiong ◽  
Hasimah Ismail ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Royal Jelly ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Monthly Income ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Mineral Supplements ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Logistic Regressions

BACKGROUND: There has been an increase trend of dietary supplements intake among Malaysians over the last decade. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and characteristic of dietary supplements users among adults in Malaysia. METHODS: Data of 3000 respondents aged 18&ndash;59 years from the Malaysian Adult Nutrition Survey (MANS) 2014 were utilized. A multi-stage stratified sampling method was employed and eligible respondent from each household was selected using Kish method. Validated questionnaire was used to gather information on vitamin/mineral supplements (VMS) and food supplements (FS). Descriptive analysis and multiple logistic regressions were conducted using SPSS version 20.0. RESULTS: The prevalence of VMS and FS intakes among adults in Malaysian were 28.1% and 34.0% respectively. Women, older aged adults with higher education level and monthly income were more likely to consume dietary supplements. Vitamin C and multivitamin/ multimineral, were the commonest VMS consumed by the respondents. The most common FS taken were fish oil and royal jelly. The main causes for dietary supplements intake include for health reasons, doctor&rsquo;s prescription, to increase energy level and for beauty. CONCLUSIONS: About one third of the Malaysian adults took variety of dietary supplements. Thus, information based on the scientific evidences of health benefits for each type of the dietary supplements is needed to enable consumers to make informed choices on the dietary supplements.

scholarly journals Dietary Supplements—For Whom? The Current State of Knowledge about the Health Effects of Selected Supplement Use

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (17) ◽  
pp. 8897
Author(s):  
Regina Ewa Wierzejska
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Nutrient Deficiency ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Mineral Supplements ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Supplement Use ◽  
Current State ◽  
Lower Blood ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Therapeutic Properties

Dietary supplements are products containing nutrients sold in various medicinal forms, and their widespread use may stem from the conviction that a preparation that looks like a drug must have therapeutic properties. The aim of this scoping review is to present what is known about the effects of using selected dietary supplements in the context of chronic diseases, as well as the risks associated with their use. The literature shows that the taking of vitamin and mineral supplements by healthy people neither lowers their risk of cardiovascular diseases nor prevents the development of malignancies. Many scientific societies recognize that omega-3 fatty acids lower blood triglycerides, but whether taking them prevents heart disease is less clear-cut. Taking weight loss supplements is not an effective method of fighting obesity. Often, some supplements are increasingly sold illegally, which is then also associated with the higher risk that they may be adulterated with banned substances, thus making them even more dangerous and potentially life-threatening. Supplements are necessary in cases of nutrient deficiency; however, even though prescription is not required, their use should be recommended and monitored by a physician.

scholarly journals Pilot study of dietary supplement consumption by kindergarten and elementary school children

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 66-72
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Kania-Dobrowolska ◽  
Justyna Baraniak
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Dietary Supplement ◽  
Prescription Drugs ◽  
Medicinal Products ◽  
School Students ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Mineral Supplements ◽  
Legal Guardians ◽  
Questionnaire Method

Summary Introduction: The use of dietary supplements has been increasing globally, especially among children. A lot of parents are influenced by advertising. In addition, in Poland a trend to self-medication has been observed. Parents often do not distinguish dietary supplements, medicinal products and non-prescription drugs. These are the most common reasons for the increase in sales of dietary supplements in Poland. Until a few years ago, many products containing vitamins and minerals intended for children were sold as medicines. Today, a product with the same formulation is sold as a dietary supplement. However, a few studies have been conducted to assess the use of dietary supplements among Polish children. Objective: The aim of the study was to analyse the use of dietary supplements provided by parents and the study of the awareness of the risks associated with supplements intake among preschool and elementary school students. Methods: The study was conducted by questionnaire method among 316 parents/legal guardians of children attending elementary schools and preschools in three provinces. Results: The questionnaire was completed by 88.3% mothers and 11.7% fathers. The age of the respondents was as follows: 64.5% aged 31–40, 18.3% aged 41–45, 9.5% aged 26–30, 7.2% above 46 years and only 0.3% younger than 25. About 80% of parents administered their children with dietary supplements in specific situations. Vitamin and mineral supplements were predominant. A statistical analysis showed the effect of the education level as well as having many children on the administration of dietary supplements. Conclusion: The questionnaire shows that the vast majority of parents/legal guardians administer their children with dietary supplements. There is a need to educate parents/legal guardians about the use of supplements and the risks involved.

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