scholarly journals Pilot study of dietary supplement consumption by kindergarten and elementary school children

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 66-72
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Kania-Dobrowolska ◽  
Justyna Baraniak
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Dietary Supplement ◽  
Prescription Drugs ◽  
Medicinal Products ◽  
School Students ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Mineral Supplements ◽  
Legal Guardians ◽  
Questionnaire Method

Summary Introduction: The use of dietary supplements has been increasing globally, especially among children. A lot of parents are influenced by advertising. In addition, in Poland a trend to self-medication has been observed. Parents often do not distinguish dietary supplements, medicinal products and non-prescription drugs. These are the most common reasons for the increase in sales of dietary supplements in Poland. Until a few years ago, many products containing vitamins and minerals intended for children were sold as medicines. Today, a product with the same formulation is sold as a dietary supplement. However, a few studies have been conducted to assess the use of dietary supplements among Polish children. Objective: The aim of the study was to analyse the use of dietary supplements provided by parents and the study of the awareness of the risks associated with supplements intake among preschool and elementary school students. Methods: The study was conducted by questionnaire method among 316 parents/legal guardians of children attending elementary schools and preschools in three provinces. Results: The questionnaire was completed by 88.3% mothers and 11.7% fathers. The age of the respondents was as follows: 64.5% aged 31–40, 18.3% aged 41–45, 9.5% aged 26–30, 7.2% above 46 years and only 0.3% younger than 25. About 80% of parents administered their children with dietary supplements in specific situations. Vitamin and mineral supplements were predominant. A statistical analysis showed the effect of the education level as well as having many children on the administration of dietary supplements. Conclusion: The questionnaire shows that the vast majority of parents/legal guardians administer their children with dietary supplements. There is a need to educate parents/legal guardians about the use of supplements and the risks involved.

scholarly journals Dietary supplement use in elementary school children: a Japanese web-based survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazue Ishitsuka ◽  
Satoshi Sasaki ◽  
Hidetoshi Mezawa ◽  
Mizuho Konishi ◽  
Maki Igarashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Dietary Supplement ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Mineral Supplements ◽  
Supplement Use ◽  
Health Related Behaviors ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Dietary Supplement Use ◽  
Frequency Of Sports Participation

Abstract Background A variety of dietary supplements are commercially available. However, the efficacy and safety of dietary supplement use in children are not well established. Understanding dietary supplement use is important for developing public health policy regarding dietary supplements. This study aimed to investigate the types of dietary supplements used and characteristics of dietary supplement users among Japanese elementary school children. Method We conducted a cross-sectional web-based questionnaire study. Dietary supplement use, socio-demographics, and health-related behaviors were assessed through mother-reported questionnaire. Types of dietary supplements were identified based on ingredient using product barcodes and brand names. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to investigate the socio-demographics and health-related behaviors associated with supplement use. Results Among 4933 children, 333 (6.8%) were identified as dietary supplement users. The most common supplement was amino acids or protein (1.4%), followed by n–3 fatty acids or fish oil (1.0%), probiotics (1.0%), multivitamins (0.9%), multivitamin-minerals (0.8%), and botanicals (0.8%). Overall, any dietary supplement use was significantly associated with the highest frequency of sports participation (odds ratio [OR], 2.58; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.65–4.02), highest household income (OR, 1.87; 95% CI, 1.13–3.10), highest maternal educational level (OR, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.31–2.52), and male sex (OR, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.09–1.75). The highest frequency of sports participation was significantly associated with higher odds of use of amino acids or protein (OR, 6.06; 95% CI, 1.78–20.6) and multivitamins (OR, 3.56; 95% CI, 1.11–11.5), compared to the lowest frequency of sports participation. Conclusion This study showed that Japanese children primarily use non-vitamin, non-mineral supplements. Non-vitamin, non-mineral supplements should thus be included in future studies aimed at monitoring dietary supplement use. We also found that dietary supplement use in children was associated with sports participation. Guidelines for dietary supplement use for children, in particular sport participants, are needed.

scholarly journals Dietary Supplement Use Among Chinese Primary School Students: A Cross-Sectional Study in Hunan Province

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanmei Liu ◽  
Shiya Zhang ◽  
Hanshuang Zou ◽  
Yuanlin Pan ◽  
Qiping Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Dietary Supplement ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hunan Province ◽  
Primary School Students ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Supplement Use ◽  
Dietary Supplement Use

Dietary supplement use is increasing globally, especially among children. However, few studies have been conducted to examine dietary supplement use among Chinese children. The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of dietary supplement use and the associated factors in primary school students. A cross-sectional study was conducted in four primary schools in Hunan province, China. A total of 706 Chinese parents/caregivers of school children aged 6–12 years old were enrolled. Self-administrated questionnaires were used to collect information about the children’s dietary supplement use, and their socio-demographic characteristics. The prevalence of dietary supplement use in primary school students was 20.4%. Calcium (16.7%), vitamin C (9.2%), and vitamin D (8.5%) were the most commonly used types of dietary supplement. The main reasons for parents/caregivers to purchase dietary supplements for their children were immunity improvement (43.6%), and for growth promotion (36.5%). Some caregivers (26.4%) purchased dietary supplements online, including from dubious or unknown sellers. However, 37.5% of caregivers did not receive formal guidance on supplementation even if they purchased their supplements through formal channels. Parents/caregivers were unclear about the appropriate choices for children’s dietary supplement use. Guidelines and counseling regarding dietary supplements for children may be helpful in public health work.

scholarly journals Assessing the Use of Prescription Drugs in Obese Respondents in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura A. Barrett ◽  
Aiwen Xing ◽  
Elizabeth Steidley ◽  
Terrence J. Adam ◽  
Rui Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Dietary Supplement ◽  
National Health ◽  
Prescription Drugs ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Supplement Use ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Obesity Status ◽  
Dietary Supplement Use

Introduction: Obesity is a common disease and a known risk factor for many other conditions such as hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and cancer. Treatment options for obesity include lifestyle changes, pharmacotherapy, and surgical interventions such as bariatric surgery. In this study, we examine the use of prescription drugs and dietary supplements by the individuals with obesity. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data 2003-2014. We used multivariate logistic regression to analyze the correlations of demographics and obesity status with the use of prescription drugs and dietary supplement use. We also built machine learning models to predict prescription drug and dietary supplement use using demographic data and obesity status. Results: Individuals with obesity are more likely to take cardiovascular agents (OR=1.265, 95% CI 1.222-1.311) and metabolic agents (OR=1.398, 95% CI 1.343-1.456) than individuals without obesity. The best performing prediction model for predicting prescription drugs had the accuracy of 74.5% and the AUROC of 0.817. Conclusions: This study can inform clinical practice and patient education of the use of prescription drugs and dietary supplements and their correlation with obesity.

scholarly journals A Nationwide Survey of the Attitudes toward the Use of Dietary Supplements among Japanese High-School Students

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiharu Nishijima ◽  
Etsuko Kobayashi ◽  
Yoko Sato ◽  
Tsuyoshi Chiba
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Dietary Supplement ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Internet Survey ◽  
The Internet ◽  
School Students ◽  
Supplement Use ◽  
Dietary Supplement Use

We previously studied the prevalence of dietary supplement use in Japanese high-school students by conducting a study on mothers. However, there is often a discrepancy between mothers’ understanding and children’s attitudes. Thus, we conducted an internet survey of high-school students to clarify their attitudes toward the use of dietary supplements. An invitation to the internet survey was e-mailed to registrants of a research company aged 15 to 18 years. A total of 1031 students (276 male, 755 female) answered the questionnaire on a first come, first served basis. The participants were classified according to the purchasers of their supplements: students who purchased supplements themselves were defined as active users, and others were defined as passive users. The prevalence of dietary supplement use was 30.8% in males and 26.7% in females. Among the users, 42.4% of males and 43.8% of females were active users. Males used supplements for health regardless of active or passive use. However, in females, more active users (40.9%) used supplements for weight loss than passive users (20.4%); the corresponding prevalence was 2.3% in our previous report on mothers’ understanding of their daughters. The most frequently used source of information for active users was the internet, whereas for passive users it was family. The frequency of adverse events was 9.4% in males and 14.4% in females, with gastrointestinal symptoms being the most commonly experienced events. Our results suggest that dietary education, including healthy eating and the appropriate use of dietary supplements, should be provided to high-school students.

scholarly journals The Feasibility of Writing Learning Videos for Elementary School Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Kadek Tatanika Wiratsari ◽  
I Gede Margunayasa
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Elementary School Teachers ◽  
Elementary School Students ◽  
First Grade ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
School Students ◽  
Validation Score ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Questionnaire Method

Low-grade students still have difficulty in writing. Writing delays can hinder the learning process. This study aimed to develop writing learning video products for first-grade elementary school students whose validity has been tested. This research refers to the ADDIE development model procedure. However, this study did not implement and evaluate stages due to limited time, effort, resources, and finance. The subjects of this study were two material experts, two media experts, and two practitioners. The object of this research is the validity of the writing learning video. The data collection of this research used a questionnaire method by providing assessment sheets to two media expert lecturers, two material expert lecturers, and two first-grade elementary school teachers. The data from the validation results from the experts were then analyzed using the mean formula to determine the average validity score of the writing learning videos. The analysis results showed that the average validation score for writing learning videos is 4.44 with very good criteria. The average score of validation for writing learning video materials is 4.06 with very good criteria. Based on the analysis results, the writing learning video for first-grade students of SD was declared valid and had very good criteria.

scholarly journals Learning Videos to Improving Students’ Reading Comprehension in Elementary School

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 276
Author(s):  
Ni Putu Yeni Lestari ◽  
I Made Citra Wibawa
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Elementary School Teachers ◽  
Elementary School Students ◽  
First Grade ◽  
Average Score ◽  
School Students ◽  
Instructional Videos ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Addie Model ◽  
Questionnaire Method

Learning to read during learning activities from home is less effective because reading learning media are difficult to find. This study aims to create a reading learning video development for first-grade elementary school students and develop a reading learning video for first-grade elementary school students whose validity is tested using the ADDIE model. However, due to limited time and resources, the implementation and evaluation stages were not carried out. Thus, only the analysis, design, and development stages are carried out. The data collection of this study used a questionnaire method by providing assessment sheets to two media expert lecturers, two Indonesian language material experts, and two first-grade elementary school teachers. The data from the validation results from the experts were then analysed using the mean formula to determine the average score of the validity of the reading learning videos. The analysis results showed that the average score of the validation of the reading learning video was 4.73, and the validation of the material was 4.81. Based on the results of this analysis, the reading learning video for first-grade students of elementary school was declared valid and had very good criteria. The trial was not carried out on students due to the Covid-19 pandemic. Therefore, it is suggested that other researchers carry out further research to analyze the effectiveness of the instructional videos.

scholarly journals Improve Students' Numeracy Skills Using Learning Videos

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 256
Author(s):  
Putu Andre Apriliawan ◽  
Desak Putu Parmiti
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Online Learning ◽  
Elementary School Students ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Mathematics Learning ◽  
First Grade ◽  
School Students ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Validation Score ◽  
Questionnaire Method

The Covid-19 pandemic requires elementary school students to carry out online learning, but there are many obstacles to online learning, one of which is the mathematics learning process. This study aims to create a learning video to count and develop a learning video to count for elementary school students whose validity has been tested using the ADDIE development model. The subjects in this study were two media experts, two material experts, and two practitioners. The data collected are qualitative and quantitative. The data collection method used is a questionnaire method and measures the validity of the video learning counting using a rating scale instrument. This research produces a numeracy learning video tested for validity with an overall average validation score for learning videos is 4.78, and the average material validation score is 4.87. It means that the counting learning videos developed are classified as very good. Therefore, numeracy learning for first-grade elementary school students is valid and feasible to develop and taught to students.

The impact of dietary supplement form and dosage on perceived efficacy

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 228-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela Miles Homer ◽  
Sayantani Mukherjee
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Dietary Supplement ◽  
Prescription Drugs ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Dosage Level ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Objective Evidence ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of supplement form and dosage level on consumers’ perceptions of dietary supplement efficacy. Design/methodology/approach The authors draw upon literature on dietary supplements and accessibility–diagnosticity theory to derive their hypotheses. Hypotheses are tested through two experiments that use a 2 (supplement form: single-ingredient [SI] vs multi-ingredient [MI]) × 2 (dosage level: low vs high) factorial design. Findings The findings show that consumers perceive that lower dose MI supplements are more effective than lower dose SI supplements, consistent with a “more is better” heuristic. In contrast, under high doses, the supplement form effect is insignificant; that is, MI and SI supplements are perceived to be comparable in terms of efficacy. Practical implications Dietary supplements are not regulated the same way as prescription drugs. Consumers often draw inferences about supplement efficacy based on their perceptions rather than objective evidence. This may leave consumers vulnerable to potentially harmful consequences. This research has implications for designing supplement marketing efforts and public policy, which could help consumers to make informed choices when purchasing dietary supplements. Originality/value A growing awareness of the importance of maintaining a healthy lifestyle has motivated consumers of all ages to consider alternative remedies, most notably using dietary supplements. Past research offers little insight into understanding consumer reactions to dietary supplement form such as SI and MI supplements and their dosage levels. The studies reported here address this gap in research. Public policy and marketing implications are also discussed.

scholarly journals Integration of HOTS-Based Questions on the Theme “The Beauty of Togetherness” through Fun Thinkers Learning Media for Grade IV Elementary School Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 471
Author(s):  
Ni Komang Ayu Indah Pranyani ◽  
I Gusti Ayu Tri Agustiana ◽  
Alexander Hamonangan Simamora
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Elementary School Students ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Assessment Instruments ◽  
Development Research ◽  
School Students ◽  
Statistical Analysis Method ◽  
The Media ◽  
Questionnaire Method

The lack of use of learning media used for delivering material makes it difficult for students to understand the material. This study aims to develop media for fun thinkers based on HOTS questions for fourth grade elementary school students on theme 1, the beauty of togetherness. The development is carried out based on the ADDIE model procedure. The subjects in this development research are media fun thinkers based on HOTS questions for elementary school students grade IV theme 1 the beauty of togetherness while the object in this study is the validity of the media fun thinkers developed. This development research method is a qualitative and quantitative statistical analysis method. The data collection used is a questionnaire method with data collection instruments in the form of a rating scale by giving assessment instruments to 2 subject matter experts, 2 media experts, 2 practitioner responses, and 10 students as responses. The data obtained was calculated using the mean formula to determine the average media validity score. The average validity score of media fun thinkers based on HOTS questions in terms of material/assessment experts is 4.79 with very valid criteria, in terms of media experts it is 4.43 with very valid criteria, in terms of practitioner responses it is 4.63 with very valid criteria, and in terms of response students of 4.95 with very valid criteria. Based on the analysis conducted, the media for fun thinkers based on HOTS questions for elementary school students in grade IV, theme 1, the beauty of togetherness developed is valid and suitable for use in the learning process.

scholarly journals Innovative Learning through Fun Thinkers Media Based on Fill the Blank Question

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 416
Author(s):  
Ni Putu Feby Mulia Buana Rosnata ◽  
I Gusti Ayu Tri Agustiana ◽  
I Ketut Dibia
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Elementary School Students ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
School Students ◽  
Student Responses ◽  
The Media ◽  
Questionnaire Method

Lack of student understanding of the material provided online by the teacher, students feel bored with monotonous learning using mobile phones, teachers provide materials and assignments through student books, the media used is still simple and less attractive. This study aims to develop media fun thinkers based on fill the blank questions for grade 1 elementary school students on theme 3 of my activities. Media development in this study is guided by the ADDIE model procedure which consists of several stages, namely analysis (Analyze), planning (Design), development (Development), implementation (Implementation), and evaluation (Evaluation). The trial subjects of this study consisted of 2 subject matter experts, 2 media experts, 2 practitioner responses, and 10 student responses (small groups). The data collected in this study, namely qualitative data and quantitative data. Data was collected using a questionnaire method with the distribution of rating scale instruments. The results showed that the average validity and reliability scores from the point of view of material experts were 4.3 with very valid qualifications and 93% with reliable qualifications, in terms of media experts it was 4.4 with very valid qualifications and 92% with reliable qualifications, from In terms of practitioner responses, it is 4.6 with very valid qualifications and 96% with reliable qualifications, and in terms of student responses it is 4.8 with very valid qualifications and 97% with reliable qualifications. This shows that the media fun thinkers based on fill the blank questions for elementary school students in grade 1 on theme 3 of my activities is declared suitable for use in learning. The implications of this research are expected to help students during online learning.

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