Evaluation of Assay Methods for the Determination of Cyanobacterial Hepatotoxicity

1994 ◽  
pp. 111-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.A. Lawton ◽  
K.A. Beattie ◽  
S.P. Hawser ◽  
D.L. Campbell ◽  
G.A. Codd
Keyword(s):  
Assay Methods

scholarly journals Assessment of antibody assay methods in determination of prevalence of infectious bursal disease among local chickens and guinea fowls in Kwara state, North Central Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1183-1187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oluwafemi Babatunde Daodu ◽  
Oladapo Oyedeji Oludairo ◽  
Julius Olaniyi Aiyedun ◽  
Hauwa Motunrayo Ambali ◽  
Rafiu Adebisi Kadir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Bursal Disease ◽  
Antibody Assay ◽  
North Central ◽  
Bursal Disease ◽  
Assay Methods ◽  
Local Chickens

scholarly journals Accuracy of recommended sampling and assay methods for the determination of plasma-free and urinary fractionated metanephrines in the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma: a systematic review

Endocrine ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 495-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roland Därr ◽  
Matthias Kuhn ◽  
Christoph Bode ◽  
Stefan R. Bornstein ◽  
Karel Pacak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Assay Methods

RP-HPLC AND HPTLC STABILITY INDICATING ASSAY METHODS FOR IVERMECTIN IN BULK AND TABLET DOSAGE FORM

INDIAN DRUGS ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (03) ◽  
pp. 32-42
Author(s):  
G. P Wani ◽  
◽  
S. B Jadhav
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phase ◽  
Stress Testing ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Rp Hplc ◽  
Assay Methods ◽  
Photo Stability ◽  
Tablet Dosage ◽  
Hptlc Method ◽  
Alkaline Oxidation

Simple, rapid, precise, accurate RP-HPLC and HPTLC methods have been developed and validated for ivermectin in bulk and its marketed formulation. RP-HPLC method for drug was achieved on Grace C18 (250 mm X 4.6 ID, Particle size; 5 μ) column using mobile phase acetonitrile: 10 mM phosphate buffer (95:05 v/v) pH adjusted to 3 with o-phosphoric acid. Detection of drug was done at 245 nm. The retention time was found to be 5.83 min. HPTLC method for ivermectin was accomplished on a precoated silica gel aluminium plate 60F-254 (CAMAG Linomat 5), using toluene: methanol: glacial acetic acid (8:2:0.1 v/v/v) as a mobile phase. The densitometric scanning was performed at 245 nm which showed Rf 0.46 for ivermectin. The stress testing of the drug individually was carried out under acidic, alkaline, oxidation, photo-stability and thermal degradation conditions. The proposed methods were successfully applied for the determination of drug in bulk and its marketed formulation.

scholarly journals Determination of Biotin and Folate in Infant Formula and Milk by Optical Biosensor-Based Immunoassay

2000 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 1141-1148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harvey E Indyk ◽  
Eileen A Evans ◽  
Malin C Bostrom Caselunghe ◽  
Bjorn S Persson ◽  
Paul M Finglas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interaction Analysis ◽  
Automated Analysis ◽  
Optical Biosensor ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Biomolecular Interaction ◽  
Technology Standard ◽  
Sample Extraction ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Assay Methods

Abstract Biomolecular interaction analysis was evaluated for the automated analysis of biotin- and folate-supplemented infant formulas and milk powders. The technique was configured as a biosensor-based, nonlabeled inhibition immunoassay using monoclonal antibodies raised against analyte-conjugate. Sample extraction conditions were optimized and antibodies were evaluated for cross-reactivity. Performance parameters included a quantitation range of 2–70 ng/mL, recoveries of 86–102%, agreement against assigned reference values for National Institute of Standards and Technology Standard Reference Material 1846, between-laboratory reproducibility relative standard deviation of 9.1% for biotin and 8.1% for folate, respectively, and equivalence against reference microbiological assay methods for both analytes.

scholarly journals Stability-Indicating Methods for Determination of Pyritinol Dihydrochloride in the Presence of Its Precursor and Degradation Product by Derivative Spectrophotometry

2005 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mostafa A Shehata ◽  
Mohammad A El-Sayed ◽  
Mohammad G El-Bardicy ◽  
Mohammad F El-Tarras
Keyword(s):  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Degradation Product ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Zero Crossing ◽  
Stability Indicating ◽  
First Derivative ◽  
Linear Relationships ◽  
Assay Methods ◽  
Powdered Form

Abstract A first-derivative spectrophotometric (1D) method and a derivative-ratio zero-crossing spectrophotometric (1DD) method were used to determine pyritinol dihydrochloride (I) in the presence of its precursor (II) and its degradation product (III) with 0.1N hydrochloric acid as a solvet. Linear relationships were obtained in the ranges of 6–22 μg/mL for the (1D) method and 6–20 μg/mL for the (1DD) method. By applying the proposed methods, it was possible to determine pyritinol dihydrochloride in its pure powdered form with an accuracy of 100.36 ± 1.497% (n = 9) for the (1D) method and an accuracy of 99.92 ± 1.172% (n = 8) for the (1DD) method. Laboratory-prepared mixtures containing different ratios of (I), (II), and (III) were analyzed, and the proposed methods were valid for concentrations of ≤10% (II) and ≤50% (III). The proposed methods were validated and found to be suitable as stability-indicating assay methods for pyritinol in pharmaceutical formulations.

Comparison of two assay methods for determination of nutrient and energy digestibility in fish

Aquaculture ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 140 (4) ◽  
pp. 343-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Aksnes ◽  
T. Hjertnes ◽  
J. Opstvedt
Keyword(s):  
Assay Methods

scholarly journals The Determination of HIV-1 RT Mutation Rate, Its Possible Allosteric Effects, and Its Implications on Drug Resistance

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Yi Yeo ◽  
Ghin Ray Goh ◽  
Chinh Tran-To Su ◽  
Samuel Ken-En Gan
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Mutation Rate ◽  
Treatment Resistance ◽  
Investigation Methods ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Assay Methods ◽  
Emerging Viral Diseases ◽  
Hiv 1

The high mutation rate of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) plays a major role in treatment resistance from the development of vaccines to long-lasting drugs. In addressing the crux of the issue, various attempts to estimate the mutation rate of HIV-1 resulted in a large range of 10-5 - 10-3 errors/bp/cycle due to the use of different types of investigation methods. In this review, we discuss the different assay methods, their findings on the mutation rates of HIV-1 and how the location of these mutations can be further analyzed for their potential allosteric effects to reveal potentially new inhibitors with different pharmacodynamics that can be used to circumvent fast occurring HIV drug resistance. Given that HIV is one of the fastest mutating viruses, it is a good model for comprehensive study of its mutations that can give rise to much horizontal understanding towards overall viral drug resistance as well as emerging viral diseases.

EVALUATION OF PROTEIN IN FOODS: III. A STUDY OF BACTERIOLOGICAL METHODS

1959 ◽  
Vol 37 (11) ◽  
pp. 1351-1360 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. G. Rogers ◽  
J. M. McLaughlan ◽  
D. G. Chapman
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Rat Growth ◽  
Amino Acid Requirements ◽  
Growth Assay ◽  
Assay Methods ◽  
Limiting Amino Acid ◽  
Egg Powder

Bacteriological methods for the determination of protein quality were evaluated by comparison with protein efficiency ratio (P.E.R.) values determined by a standardized rat growth assay. Enzyme or acid hydrolyzates of foods were used as the source of amino acids with hydrolyzed whole egg powder as the reference standard. With Streptococcus faecalis A.T.C.C. 9790 autolysis occurred in media containing hydrolyzates of proteins deficient in lysine, and was largely responsible for results which did not agree with P.E.R. values. In methods employing Leuconostoc mesenteroides P-60 A.T.C.C. 8042, growth was influenced only by the most limiting amino acid relative to the requirements of the test organism.Results with enzyme hydrolyzates correlated poorly with P.E.R. values, whereas, with acid hydrolyzates, a good correlation was obtained for cereal proteins. A difference in amino acid requirements was largely responsible for the lack of agreement between the P.E.R. assay and methods employing L. mesenteroides, particularly for legumes and foods of animal origin. It was concluded that bacteriological assay methods which have been proposed for protein evaluation are unsatisfactory as screening procedures for the evaluation of protein in foods.

Evaluation of four assay methods for determination of tobramycin in human serum.

1982 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
W J Acton ◽  
O M Van Duyn ◽  
L V Allen ◽  
D J Flournoy
Keyword(s):  
Human Serum ◽  
Enzyme Immunoassay ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
The Other ◽  
Serum Enzyme ◽  
Analytical Recovery ◽  
Assay Methods

Abstract Four assay procedures for tobramycin in serum--enzyme immunoassay (I), substrate-labeled fluorescent immunoassay (II), radioimmunoassay (III), and bioassay (IV)--were compared and evaluated by replicate and analytical recovery studies. I and II were about 50% more precise than III and IV. II was substantially more nearly accurate than the other methods and also gave the best reproducibility (correlation coefficient 0.992 between-day). The least expensive method was IV. Ease of handling favored I and II. Overall, we find II to be the most acceptable procedure for use in the clinical laboratory.

An improved method for the measurement of cell wall invertase activity in sugarcane tissue

2001 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter L. Albertson ◽  
Kirrily F. Peters ◽  
Christopher P. L. Grof
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Invertase Activity ◽  
Tissue Cell ◽  
Cell Wall Invertase ◽  
Tissue Extracts ◽  
Crude Plant Extract ◽  
Saccharum Sp ◽  
Spurious Effect ◽  
Assay Methods

Extraction and assay methods were developed for the determination of both soluble and cell wall invertase activity in sugarcane (Saccharum sp.) from minimal (0.5 g) tissue. Cell wall invertase (CWI) was measured using a pellet mix procedure and the pH optima ranged between pH 3.2 and 3.6. The pH optima for the soluble invertases were 4.5 and 7.3 for soluble acid (SAI) and neutral (NI) invertase, respectively. At low pH, acid hydrolysis of sucrose was observed and its spurious effect on measured enzyme activity was removed by the inclusion of additional controls run in parallel, which lacked crude plant extract. Invertase activity was examined in sugarcane tissues of varying ages. In leaves and stem, the SAI activity was greatly reduced in mature tissue extracts. Similarly, the CWI activity was reduced in older leaves. In contrast, a less marked drop in NI activity was observed in extracts from old leaves and activity from stem extracts remained constant irrespective of tissue age. The role of SAI has been linked to growth and differentiation and these observations suggest that CWI may also be intrinsically involved in these processes. NI appears to have a housekeeping role in maintaining hexose concentrations within the cytosol.

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