scholarly journals Corrientes epistemológicas y sus implicaciones en la educación

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-282
Author(s):  
Ana María Abad Salgado
Keyword(s):  
Michel Foucault ◽  
Gaston Bachelard ◽  
Louis Althusser

El presente artículo busca exponer los principios epistémicos del método científico a partir de Mario Bunge, dado que la epistemología sustenta los postulados de escuelas como la de Frankfurt —con sus principales exponentes: Adorno, Marcuse, Horkheimer, desde la visión del pensamiento crítico, y el pensamiento sobre el capitalismo— y la corriente epistemológica francesa —con sus exponentes: Michel Foucault, Gaston Bachelard y Louis Althusser—. Dichos postulados permiten dilucidar las implicaciones para la educación desde un saber crítico, por ser esta una actividad compleja en la que intervienen distintas variables: acciones, ideas, sentimientos, personas, objetos e instituciones.

Michel Foucault

Philosophy ◽  
2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Peters ◽  
Marek Tesar ◽  
Kirsten Locke
Keyword(s):  
Michel Foucault ◽  
Maurice Blanchot ◽  
Historical Study ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Gaston Bachelard ◽  
Louis Althusser ◽  
Short Life Span ◽  
Collège De France ◽  
Jean Paul ◽  
History Of

Michel Foucault was born in Poitiers in 1926 and died of AIDS in 1984 at the age of 57. In his short life span Foucault became an emblem for a generation of intellectuals: someone who embodied in his work the most-pressing intellectual issues of his time. In his inaugural lecture at the Collège de France, he named as his closest supports and models Georges Dumèzil, Georges Canguilhem (the philosopher of biology who succeeded Gaston Bachelard at the Sorbonne), and Jean Hyppolite. He was a student both of Louis Althusser and Maurice Merleau-Ponty. He grew up in the tradition of a history of philosophy that dominated the French university, a history that gave pride of place to Hegel and helped to legitimate the contemporaneous emphases on phenomenology and existentialism, especially as it developed in the thought of Jean-Paul Sartre. He was classified by the popular press as a member of the structuralist Gang of Four, along with Claude Lévi-Strauss, Jacques Lacan, and Roland Barthes. Foucault in 1964 indicated his intellectual debts in an early essay titled “Nietzsche, Freud, Marx,” yet his relationship to Marx and Marxism was more complex and problematic than his engagement with Nietzsche, whose Genealogy of Morals (originally published in 1887) provided a model for historical study. He came to Nietzsche through the writings of Georges Bataille and Maurice Blanchot, both of whom exercised tremendous influence on his work. Yet, it was Nietzsche and Martin Heidegger who helped Foucault to frame up his life’s work as the history by which human beings become subjects and to change the emphasis of his early work from political subjugation of “docile bodies” to individuals as self-determining beings continually in the process of constituting themselves as ethical subjects. In this article we focus on internationally published English editions to avoid confusion and to provide readers a balanced overview of top-quality sources currently available.

»in der Kontingenz der noch zu vollendenden Tatsachen«

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-60
Author(s):  
Monika Wulz
Keyword(s):  
Michel Foucault ◽  
Situated Knowledge ◽  
Gaston Bachelard ◽  
Louis Althusser ◽  
Epistemic Practices ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Objects Of Knowledge

"Genesis, Geltung und Zukunft in der historischen Epistemologie« The paper discusses the relation of genesis and validity (Genesis and Geltung) within the historical epistemologies of Gaston Bachelard, Louis Althusser, and Michel Foucault. From the perspective of emerging knowledge I examine the co-evolution of discontinuous moments, epistemic practices, and objects of knowledge. Based on this analysis, the paper argues that validity (Geltung) should be understood as situated knowledge."

Was There a Theological Turn in Phenomenology?

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-162
Author(s):  
Ian Leask ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experience ◽  
Michel Foucault ◽  
Louis Althusser ◽  
Theological Turn ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Theological Turn In Phenomenology

This article examines the possibility that phenomenology was “always already” a theological enterprise, by outlining some of the foundational criticisms levelled by Michel Foucault and Louis Althusser. For both thinkers, the phenomenological stress on “lived experience” grants an undue primacy to the realm of “interiority”; as a result, subjectivity is left, not just reified, but also deified. By contrast, both Foucault and Althusser will argue for understanding the subject as constituted rather than constitutive; philosophy’s task, accordingly, is to delineate the broader structures (economic, ideological, discursive, linguistic, etc.) that create “lived experience,” rather than to hypostatize the subject as the privileged bearer of logos. As well as outlining the contours of this critique, however, the article indicates some of the shortcomings entailed in a total disavowal of “lived experience.”

scholarly journals Velhice, memória e poder em "Diario de la guerra del cerdo", de Adolfo Bioy Casares

Em Tese ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 196
Author(s):  
Letícia Malloy
Keyword(s):  
Michel Foucault ◽  
Simone De Beauvoir ◽  
Louis Althusser ◽  
Adolfo Bioy Casares ◽  
Gerard Genette

Este ensaio objetiva apresentar reflexões sobre o romance Diario de la guerra del cerdo, escrito pelo argentino Adolfo Bioy Casares e publicado no ano de 1969. Toma-se por foco a análise de três eixos temáticos de relevo constantes do referido texto literário, quais sejam, a velhice, a memória e o poder. Para tanto, dialoga-se perspectivas teóricas de Simone de Beauvoir, no que toca à velhice, e Gerard Genette e Phillipe Lejeune acerca do narrador e do registro de memórias. Discorre-se, ainda, a respeito das relações de poder fomentadas ao longo do romance com fundamento em teses desenvolvidas por Michel Foucault, Louis Althusser e Pierre Bourdieu.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Adolfo Bioy Casares; velhice; conflito geracional; memória; relações de poder

scholarly journals Reflexiones para una epistemología del saber pedagógico

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Michel Foucault ◽  
Gaston Bachelard ◽  
Georges Canguilhem

Busca profundizar sobre el oficio de la enseñanza como eje fundamental de la reflexión pedagógica, a partir de lineamientos teóricos derivados de la epistemología francesa y la revalorización de la historia de las ciencias, especialmente, de los trabajos de Gaston Bachelard, Georges Canguilhem y Michel Foucault, en particular, desde la arqueología del saber y el orden del discurso.

scholarly journals Human Rights and Capitalism.A Relation Crossed by Ideology

Eidos ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 44-78
Author(s):  
Milany Andrea Gómez Betancur ◽  
Jorge Polo Blanco
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Michel Foucault ◽  
Slavoj Zizek ◽  
Louis Althusser ◽  
Slavoj Žižek ◽  
Derechos Humanos

Este trabajo pretende analizar el papel jugado por la ideología en lo que respecta al despliegue histórico de los derechos humanos, interrogándose sobre si dicho despliegue ha cumplido con una función eminentemente ideológica. La reflexión transcurrirá a través de la visión de dos pensadores que han sostenido una de las discusiones filosóficas contemporáneas más interesantes: Louis Althusser y Michel Foucault. En un primer momento, se esbozará la teoría althusseriana de la ideología, con el fin de sostener que los derechos humanos han operado como un “aparato ideológico”, interpelando al individuo desde un contexto inmanentemente capitalista. En un segundo momento, comprobaremos que Michel Foucault fue muy crítico con los planteamientos althusserianos. La noción de sujeto trascendental será crucial en dicha crítica, puesto que en la perspectiva foucaultiana nunca existen sujetos constituidos con anterioridad a las tramas de poder efectivas. En el análisis foucaultiano, la ideología dejará de ocupar un lugar esencial. Las aportaciones de Slavoj Žižek también resultarán, por cierto, determinantes en toda esta discusión. Finalmente, se trazarán algunas reflexiones críticas para pensar la posibilidad emancipadora de los derechos humanos en el mundo contemporáneo.

Quan niệm của Gaston Bachelard về chướng ngại kinh nghiệm trực quan

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 641-655
Keyword(s):  
Michel Foucault ◽  
Pierre Bourdieu ◽  
Gaston Bachelard ◽  
Georges Canguilhem

Gaston Bachelard (1884-1962) là một trong những nhà triết học nổi tiếng của nước Pháp nửa đầu thế kỷ XX. Nhận thức luận là một phương diện quan trọng trong di sản triết học đầy màu sắc của Bachelard và đã ảnh hưởng sâu sắc đến các nhà tư tưởng lớn như Georges Canguilhem, Michel Foucault, Pierre Bourdieu, v.v.. Trong các tác phẩm nhận thức luận của mình, Bachelard đã đưa ra những ý tưởng mới lạ về sự phát triển khoa học mới. Ông đã đề cập đến những chủ đề siêu hình quan trọng như triết học về thời gian và các khái niệm mới như: Hiện tượng học kỹ thuật (phéno-ménetechique), Phân tích nhịp điệu (rhythmanalyse), Sự phá vỡ nhận thức luận (rupture épistémologique) hay Chướng ngại nhận thức luận (obstacle épistémologique). Trong bài viết này, tác giả tập trung nghiên cứu quan niệm của Bachelard về chướng ngại kinh nghiệm trực quan với những nội dung sau: i. Tiền đề khoa học tự nhiên của nhận thức luận Gaston Bachelard; ii. Kinh nghiệm trực quan - một chướng ngại của sự hình thành tinh thần khoa học; iii. Những hậu quả sư phạm của chướng ngại kinh nghiệm trực quan; iv Một vài đánh giá. Ngày nhận 3/9/2019; ngày chỉnh sửa 6/2/2020; ngày chấp nhận đăng 15/11/2020

scholarly journals Metode Pembacaan Turâts Arab-Islam: Perspekti Muhammad ‘Abid al-Jâbirî

ULUMUNA ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-100
Author(s):  
Abdul Mukti Ro’uf
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Karl Marx ◽  
Critical Problem ◽  
Gaston Bachelard ◽  
Islamic History ◽  
Louis Althusser ◽  
French Philosophy ◽  
The World ◽  
The Way

The way how turâts (a term only found in contemporary Arabic-Islam or tradition) is viewed has been a critical problem. This is because queries about it imply rise and or fall of a civilization. This thesis has at least been proved by facts of history that since the midst 19th century the world of Arabic-Islam thoughts have been moving backward compared to that in the Western-modern thoughts. This research will analyze Muhammad ‘Âbid al-Jâbirî’s thoughts that represented contemporary thinkers. Al-Jâbirî was a muslim intellectual born in Feiji Southeast-Marocco in 1936. His initial acquaintance with philosophical thoughts related to three prominent figures of Karl Marx (1818-1890), Gaston Bachelard (1884-1962), and Louis Althusser (1918-1990). He was grown up in a setting of Maghribi thoughts (Marocco-Andalusia), which was influenced by traditions of French philosophy of Marxian. However, he doubted Marxian approaches in Islamic history context.

scholarly journals De Aparelhos Ideológicos de Estado ao Nascimento da Biopolítica, e volta

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Trindade da Silva ◽  
Edemilson Paraná ◽  
Alexandre Marinho Pimenta
Keyword(s):  
Michel Foucault ◽  
Louis Althusser

Em busca de uma leitura teoricamente informada das transformações recentes no processo de subjetivação neoliberal, este artigo se desenrola a partir da seguinte questão: em que medida a genealogia da governamentalidade de Michel Foucault dialoga, avança e/ou retrocede em relação ao quadro de contribuições e contradições traçado pela obra de Louis Althusser? A investigação é guiada pela hipótese de que é possível ler a genealogia foucaultiana, tanto da disciplina como da governamentalidade, como um desenvolvimento concreto do programa de investigação da produção política de sujeitos definido no basilar ensaio de Althusser. Trata-se, portanto, de mapear o modo como Althusser informa Foucault para, na volta, refletir em que nível tais formulações foucaultianas podem contribuir à (re)leitura de Althusser e, assim, para uma crítica a ambos em prol de um arcabouço de análise melhor adequado à presente conjuntura do capitalismo.

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