scholarly journals In vitro evaluation of root canal preparation with two rotary instrument systems – Pro Taper and Hero Shaper

2015 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 395-402
Author(s):  
Carola Pentelescu ◽  
Loredana Colceriu ◽  
Ovidiu Pastrav ◽  
Carina Culic ◽  
Radu Chisnoiu
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Working Time ◽  
Smear Layer ◽  
Root Canal Preparation ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Maxillary Premolars ◽  
Oval Cross Section ◽  
The Difference

Background and aims. The purpose of this study was to compare several parameters of root canal preparation using two different rotary Nickel-Titanium instruments: Pro-Taper (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballagigues, Switzerland) and Hero-Shaper (Micro Mega, Besancon, France).Methods. Twelve extracted maxillary premolars were randomly divided into two groups and embedded into a muffle system. All root canals were prepared to size 25 using Pro-Taper or Hero-Shaper rotary instruments.  The following parameters were evaluated: root canal form, centering capacity of the instrument, the presence of residual dentinal debris and smear layer on the root canal walls, working time and the occurrence of intraoperative accidents. Statistical analysis was performed using the chi2 test (p=0.05).Results. The majority of the root canals prepared with Hero Shaper (88.89%) and ProTaper (77.78%) showed a round or oval cross-section postoperatively. Superposition of pre- and postoperative photographs of the cross-sections showed that for the coronal third of the root canals the Hero Shaper performed in a superior manner, while for the apical third better results were obtained with the Pro Taper system. Cleanliness of the root canal walls was investigated under the SEM, in the middle third of the canal, using a five-score system for debris and smear layer. For debris Hero Shaper and Pro Taper rotary systems achieved 66.67% and 50% scores of 1 or 2, respectively. The results for the smear layer were similar: cleaner root canal walls were found after preparation with Hero Shaper (66.67% scores 1, 2), followed by Pro Taper (50%). Mean working time was shorter for Hero Shaper (124s) than for Pro Taper (184s); the difference was not significant.Conclusions. Within the limits of this study, both systems had almost the same cleaning ability and excellent centering capacity.

scholarly journals Comparative study of coronal sealing ability using root cross sections method

2007 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 224-230
Author(s):  
Dejan Markovic ◽  
Vesna Zivojinovic ◽  
Slavoljub Zivkovic
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Smear Layer ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
Human Teeth ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Dye Penetration ◽  
Gutta Percha ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective: An in vitro comparison of coronal microleakage of three root canal sealers was performed using the dye leakage method. Methodology: Ninety-eight single-rooted human teeth were instrumented and randomly allocated to two groups. In the first group, root canals were treated with EDTA to remove the smear layer. The roots in both groups were obturated using laterally condensed gutta-percha and Sealapex, AH-26 or Ketac-Endo as the sealer. The teeth were suspended in 1% methylene blue dye for 6 days. The teeth were then rinsed, sectioned perpendicular to the long axis and evaluated for coronal dye penetration. Results: In general, Ketac-Endo root canal sealer showed greater dye penetration than Sealapex and AH-26. A statistically significant difference in the coronal penetration of the dye was found in the group with intact smear layer. Conclusion: Highly significant differences between AH-26 and Ketac-Endo (p < 0.001) and Sealapex and Ketac Endo (p < 0.001) were found.

scholarly journals The effect of different irrigation techniques on the quality of cleaning of root canal walls

2008 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 221-228
Author(s):  
Violeta Pavlovic ◽  
Slavoljub Zivkovic
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Smear Layer ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite Solution ◽  
Efficient Removal ◽  
Human Teeth ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Group I ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Difference

Aim: To evaluate the effect of irrigation techniques, i.e. different types of irrigation needles, on the quality of cleaning of root canal walls using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Material and Method: The study was conducted on 16 extracted, single-rooted, human teeth. The samples were allocated to two experimental groups depending on the type of the irrigation needle. Conventional needles were used for the irrigation of Group I and laterally perforated ones for Group II. All root canals were instrumented using K files and the Step-back technique. During instrumentation, all samples were irrigated with 2.5 % sodium hypochlorite solution followed by final irrigation with 17 % EDTA for 1 min. After that, all samples were irrigated with 10 ml of distilled water. The roots were, then, sectioned longitudinally and middle one third of each root canal was analyzed using SEM. Quantitative analysis was based on criteria by H?lsmann et al. Results: The obtained results showed that the more efficient removal of debris and the smear layer was accomplished in the group of samples irrigated using laterally perforated needles than conventional needles. The difference between the investigated irrigation techniques were statistically significant (p<0.01). Conclusion: The use of laterally perforated needles for irrigation allows more efficient cleaning of root canal walls, i.e. the removal of debris and the smear layer.

Force and vibration analysis in biomechanical preparation of root canals using reciprocating endodontic file system: In vitro study

2021 ◽  
pp. 095441192110442
Author(s):  
Vinod Singh Thakur ◽  
Pavan Kumar Kankar ◽  
Anand Parey ◽  
Arpit Jain ◽  
Prashant Kumar Jain
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Vibration Analysis ◽  
File System ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Root Canal Preparation ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Improper Use ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Root Canal Instrumentation

The shaping and cleaning of the root canal are very important in root canal treatment. The excessive force and vibration during biomechanical preparation of the root canal may result in failure of the endodontic file. In this study, force and vibration analysis was carried out during root canal preparation. The samples of human extracted (premolar) teeth were provided by the College of Dental Science and Hospital. Endodontic instruments for reciprocating motion, such as the WaveOne Gold file system, had been used for root canal preparation. Force and vibration signals were recorded by dynamometer and accelerometer, respectively. The acquired signals were denoised using the db4 (SWT denoising 1-D) wavelet. Four levels of decomposition were carried out for each signal. The signal denoising technique was used to remove unwanted noise from the acquired signal. FESEM analysis was used to visualize the levels of severity of endodontic files during the cleaning and shaping of the root canal. In most of the cases, the failure occurred due to the improper use of the root canal instrumentation. The optimum amount of force was used to avoid the file failure and provided the proper instrumentation. The curve fitting regression model was used to find the interdependency between force and vibration.

scholarly journals In vitro evaluation of root canal preparation using oscillatory and rotary systems in flattened root canals

2007 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Cardoso Rasquin ◽  
Fabíola Bastos de Carvalho ◽  
Regina Karla de Pontes Lima
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Root Canal Preparation ◽  
In Vitro Evaluation ◽  
Root Canals

CROWN DOWN PREPARATION TECHNIQUE WITH LARGE TAPER ENDODONTIC HAND INSTRUMENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-48
Author(s):  
Asri Riany Putri ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Working Time ◽  
Root Canal Treatment ◽  
Preparation Technique ◽  
Root Canal Preparation ◽  
Periapical Lesions ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Root Canal System ◽  
Conventional Stainless Steel

Introduction: Root canal preparation is an important step in root canal treatment. The use of stainless steel K-Files is time-consuming and causes fatigue to patients and operators. The large taper endodontic hand instrument can be used as an option for another preparation instrument. The purpose of this article is to determine the advantages of using large taper endodontic hand instruments as a preparation instrument compared to conventional stainless steel K-Files. Case: The 24-year-old male patient presented with pain in his lower left tooth even though it was not used. Examination of teeth 35, percussion and press (+), palpation (-), CE (-), exploration of root canals with smooth broach (+). There was a radiolucent image in the distal crown that had reached the pulp chamber, radiolucency with a blurred border of 2 mm in diameter at the periapical area, and the dilation of the periodontal ligaments along with the roots. Tooth 35 diagnosis was partial pulp necrosis with periapical lesions. Case Management: Root canal treatment of teeth 35 using hand-used ProTaper with the crown down technique up to F4 WL = 21 mm. Obturation with single cone technique with Endomethasone as a sealer. Discussion: The large taper instrument is very flexible and easily enters narrow and bent root canals, thus it can shorten the working time, reduce the risk of fatigue for patients and operators, improves the cleaning of the root canal system, and consistent root canal formation. The crown down technique used can reduce the risk of preparation errors, prevent debris extrusion and improve obturation quality. Conclusion: Root canal preparation using a large taper endodontic hand instrument can shorten the working time and reduce the risk of fatigue for patients and operators compared to preparations using conventional stainless steel K-File.

scholarly journals Comparison of cleaning efficiency and deformation characteristics of Twisted File and ProTaper rotary instruments

2014 ◽  
Vol 08 (02) ◽  
pp. 191-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hang Li ◽  
Chenzheng Zhang ◽  
Qing Li ◽  
Changning Wang ◽  
Yaling Song
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Smear Layer ◽  
Deformation Characteristics ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Root Canal Preparation ◽  
Cleaning Efficiency ◽  
Preparation Time ◽  
Micro Cracks ◽  
Rotary Instruments

ABSTRACT Objective: The objective of the following study is to compare the cleaning efficiency and deformation characteristics of Twisted File (TF) and ProTaper (PT) nickel-titanium rotary instruments in root canal preparation. Materials and Methods: A total of 52 canals from 26 extracted maxillary first molars were randomly assigned into two groups of each including 13 mesiobuccal and 12 distobuccal (DB) canals. Two DB canals were as blank controls. After preparation with TF and PT, we recorded the preparation time and evaluate the amounts of debris and smear layer at apical, middle and coronal canals under scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Three cross-sections of canals at 3 mm, 5 mm and 7 mm from the apex foramens were scanned before and after preparation under micro-computed tomography. Changes of the cross-section area (CSA) at the three levels were calculated with Photoshop CS4. File deformation was also investigated under SEM. Two groups were statistically compared with Mann-Whitney test and independent sample t-test. Results: Less debris and smear layer were found in coronal regions of canals prepared with TF (P = 0.006, P = 0.001, respectively). TF group displayed more CSA change than PT group (P = 0.045) at cross-sections of 5 mm from the apex foramens and took significantly less preparation time than PT group did (P = 9.06 × 10−28). All five TF files without obvious micro-cracks and two out of 25 PT files with many micro-cracks showed visible unwound deformation. Conclusion: Neither TF nor PT achieves complete cleanliness of canal walls. Their deformation features might indicate different fracture resistance. TF single-file technique would substantially shorten the time of root canal preparation.

scholarly journals Apical Debris Extrusion during Root Canal Preparation with ProTaper Next and Mani Silk Rotary Systems: An in vitro Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-69
Author(s):  
Madhusudhana Koppolu ◽  
Chinni Suneelkumar ◽  
Anumula Lavanya ◽  
Ram Basam
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Root Canal Preparation ◽  
Initial Weight ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
The Social ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Final Weight

ABSTRACT Aim To evaluate the amount of apically extruded debris after the preparation of root canals in extracted human single-rooted teeth using ProTaper Next and Mani Silk rotary systems. Materials and methods A total of 40 freshly extracted human single-rooted teeth with mature apices and straight root canal were selected and similar length were instrumented with ProTaper Next and Mani Silk rotary systems. Debris and irrigant extruded during instrumentation were collected into preweighed Eppendorf tubes. The Eppendorf tubes were then stored in an incubator at 68°C for 5 days. The weight of the extruded debris was determined by subtracting the initial weight from the final weight. Statistical analysis Data analysis was carried out using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20. Postweights were compared with an independent t test for 2 groups. Results Both instruments were associated with apical debris extrusion. There was no significant difference between the ProTaper Next and Mani Silk instruments in terms of mean weight of apically extruded debris. Conclusion There was no significant difference among the groups in terms of mean weight of apically extruded debris. How to cite this article Koppolu M, Basam R, Suneelkumar C, Lavanya A. Apical Debris Extrusion during Root Canal Preparation with ProTaper Next and Mani Silk Rotary Systems: An in vitro Study. J Oper Dent Endod 2016;1(2):66-69.

scholarly journals In vitro evaluation of coronal microleakage associated with two root obturation techniques

2007 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 184-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Slavoljub Zivkovic ◽  
Borislava David-Burlica ◽  
Jelena Stanisic ◽  
Sonja Stojcic ◽  
Milica Medojevic-Jovanovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrate Solution ◽  
Silver Nitrate Solution ◽  
Smear Layer ◽  
Human Teeth ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Gutta Percha ◽  
Ah Plus ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Micrometer Scale

Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of the smear layer on the coronal microleakage in root canals obturated with laterally condensed cold gutta-percha or Thermafil and two root canal sealers. Materials and methods: Sixty extracted single-rooted human teeth with straight root canals were allocated to two experimental groups. The root canals were instrumented using the STEP-BACK technique, K reamers and K files and irrigated with 2.5 % NaOCl. The teeth in the first group were treated with 17% EDTA and 2.5 % NaOCl to remove the smear layer. The teeth in both groups were obturated either with laterally condensed cold guttapercha (28 teeth) or Thermafil gutta-percha with plastic cores (28 teeth) and RSA or AH-PLUS sealers. The specimens were evaluated for coronal microleakage using silver nitrate solution. The linear penetration of the dye was assessed using a binocular magnifying glass (x25), with an inserted micrometer scale. Results: The results showed low coronal microleakage in the group where the smear layer was removed in both the lateral compaction technique (RSA - 1.71mm and AHPLUS - 1.61mm) and the Thermafil groups - RSA (1.65mm) and AH-PLUS (1.66mm). In the group with the intact smear layer, greater microleakage was noticed in both groups, lateral compaction technique -RSA (3.06 mm) and AH-PLUS (2.83mm) and Thermafil technique -RSA (2.99mm) and AH-PLUS ( 2.83mm). The difference was statistically significant between the groups with and without the smear layer for both RSA (p< 0.001) and AH-PLUS sealers ( p<0.001). Conclusion: The present results suggest that the removal of the smear layer significantly improves the tightness of the coronal seal and reduces the coronal microleakage.

scholarly journals An In Vitro Evaluation Study of the Geometric Changes of Root Canal Preparation and the Quality of Endodontic Treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Svetlana Razumova ◽  
Anzhela Brago ◽  
Ammar Howijieh ◽  
Haydar Barakat ◽  
Ashot Manvelyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Endodontic Treatment ◽  
Smear Layer ◽  
Apical Region ◽  
Root Canal Preparation ◽  
Layer Removal ◽  
Mechanical Preparation ◽  
Geometric Changes

Introduction. The geometry of root canals differs in different parts, especially in the apical region, and it is affected by different preparation techniques. The aim of this study was to evaluate the geometric changes of root canal preparation by general dentists regardless of the endodontic instrumentation systems and to study the quality of endodontic treatment by evaluating the untouched areas after mechanical preparation and the smear layer removal. Materials and Methods. 100 extracted maxillary canines were collected for the in vitro study from 10 dentists, and the dentists were asked to treat the teeth endodontically. The teeth then were separated and examined under an optical microscope to evaluate the root canal final diameter and the untouched areas. Then, the teeth were examined under a scanned electronic microscope to evaluate the smear layer in coronal, middle, and third parts of the canal. Statistical significance was set as P<0.05. Results. The mean diameter of the root canal after instrumentation in the coronal and middle thirds was 2.50 ± 1.12 and 1.75 ± 1.24 mm, respectively, and the untouched area percentage observed in the apical thirds was 71%. For smear layer removal, it was better in the coronal and middle thirds than in the apical (P<0.05). Conclusion. The changes in the diameter of the root canal, the percentage of untouched areas after mechanical preparation, and the percentage of smear layer were observed in a higher percent in the apical third than in the coronal and middle thirds, and this raises the question of changing the technique of processing the root canal, especially in the apical third.

scholarly journals Debris and Smear Layer Removal from Oval Root Canals Comparing XP-Endo Finisher, EndoActivator, and Manual Irrigation: A SEM Evaluation

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (04) ◽  
pp. 626-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asmaa Alakshar ◽  
Abdul Rahman Mohammed Saleh ◽  
Mehmet Omer Gorduysus
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Smear Layer ◽  
Layer Versus ◽  
Cleaning Efficiency ◽  
Radiographic Images ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Single Root ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Objective This study aimed to assess and compare XP-Endo Finisher (XP) cleaning efficiency with respect to the amount of remaining debris and smear layer versus Max-I-Probe needle (CI), EndoActivator device (EA), and combination of XP-Endo Finisher file with EndoActivator device (XP+EA) in oval root canals. Materials and Methods This in vitro study was performed on 36 extracted single root/canal mandibular premolars. Radiographic images were taken in buccolingual and mesiodistal projections to evaluate the shape of the root canal and determine whether it met exclusion criteria. All teeth were decoronated and prepared using Reciproc (R40). The samples were divided randomly into four groups: CI, EA, XP, and XP + EA. The root canals were irrigated with 5 mL of 17% EDTA and 2.5% NaOCl, respectively. Apart from the CI group, both solutions were activated by using the tested techniques for 1 minute.The teeth were split longitudinally, and the best visible identified sections of the roots were used as the representing samples for scanning electron microscope (SEM) evaluation. Each half was divided into the following three parts: 1 mm from the anatomic apex and a standardized photomicrograph with 500x and 1500x magnifications for debris and smear layer were obtained. A five-grade scoring system was utilized to quantify the results at the coronal, middle, and apical regions. Statistical analysis was performed by using the Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney U tests. Results Group differences in debris and smear layer scores were found statistically significant for all locations as well as for overall assessment, except for the coronal third. Intragroup comparison of debris and smear layer in CI, EA, and XP had the minimum score at the middle third, with no significant difference compared with the coronal and apical thirds. XP + EA had less debris and smear layer score at the coronal third, significantly different from apical third.CI and EA had less debris and smear layer compared with XP and XP + EA at all locations with a significant difference at the middle and apical third (p < 0.05). Conclusion EA and CI showed less debris and smear layer than XP and XP + EA in the middle and apical third. The use of the XP in conjunction with the present irrigation protocol failed to have debris-free dentin surface in the apical portion of most of the root canals.

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