scholarly journals Borderline regionalisms in sociolect of Polish descent youth in Vilnius

2021 ◽  
pp. 499-511
Author(s):  
Mirosław Dawlewicz

The aim of the paper is introduction and analysis of regionalisms of Vilnian polish youth’s sociolect. Regionalisms and dialectical forms that are typical of Polish language of the North–Eastern Borderlands were given to the study. In the given collection the most substantial group constitutes lexical regionalisms. Morphological (word–formative and inflectional) and phonetical regionalisms appeared in the lower range. They represent different theme range. The analysis of regional lexeme meaning, given by the respondents, revealed that a part of them were used in their main regional meaning. However, there are frequent examples of neosemanticism that are used in a metaphorical meaning with a severe emotional tone.

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 383-406
Author(s):  
Jadwiga Kozłowska-Doda

The Polish speech of several villages in the neighborhood of Doсishki compared with the north-eastern peripheral dialectThe scientific studies on the Polish language on the territory of the former Grand Duchy of Lithuania have focused mainly on specific regions and historical periods. Despite the large number of the recorded materials and their analyses, scientists were unable to establish joint research programs and perform regular investigations; they also failed to create a map of different settlements, so as to develop a holistic picture of the languages of the region. Today, it is difficult to compare the study results of dialectologists and other scholars, because there is no comprehensive analysis of the peripheral Polish dialects.The paper compares the features of the Polish dialect from the area of Docishki with Polish ethnic dialects, as well as with other eastern peripheral dialects. Some other phonetic and morphological features are characterized by the resulting substrate and linguistic contacts. The differences in the Polish dialect of Voronovo district in Belarus are also presented.The analysis of the material has yielded that the Polish speech in the neighbourhood of  Doсishki is closely related to the north-eastern peripheral dialects, known as polszczyzna kresowa ‘borderland Polish’. It is mostly characterized by the same features as the Polish language of the area around Vilnius (including a part of the present-day Belarus). However, certain features of the local Polish dialect in villages near Doсishki are not attested in the neighbouring towns, but they are present in a few remote areas, such as the Kaunas region and only a complete description of a dialect will enable linguists to detect such features. Польская речь нескольких деревень в окрестностях Дотишек на фоне северо-восточного периферийного диалектаИсследования польского языка на территории былого ВКЛ проводились до сих пор нерaвномерно как во времени, так и в пространстве. Несмотря на большое количество записанных и проанализированных материалов, учёным не удалось выработать совместных программ и методoлогии исследований, не получилось также разработать сетку населённых пунктов с целью представить в итоге целостную языковую картину региона. Сегодня трудно сопоставить результаты исследований диалектологов и других специалистов в связи с нехваткой комплексных анализов периферийных польских говоров. Автором сравниваются особенности польского говора с окрестностей Дотишек с польскими этническими говорами, а также другими восточными периферийными говорами; характеризуются некоторые фонетические и морфологические черты, обусловленные субстратом, а также языковыми контактами; сделана попытка показать различия в польской речи на территории Вороновщины на Беларуси. Как показывает анализ материала, польская речь в окрестностях Дотишек тесно вплетена в контекст северо-восточного периферийного диалекта, известного как „польшчызна крэсова”. Её характеризуют в основном те же особенности, что и польский язык исторической Виленщины (включая и часть современной Беларуси). Однако определённые языковые черты местного польского говора в расположенных вблизи Дотишек деревнях не были зафиксированы в соседних ареалах, зато известны на несколько отдалённой территории, напр. в районе Каунаса, и только полная характеристика языковой системы речи позволяет такие черты выявить.


2014 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 277-301
Author(s):  
Iryda Grek-Pabisowa ◽  
Beata Biesiadowska-Magdziarz ◽  
Mirosław Jankowiak ◽  
Małgorzata Ostrówka

What is ”A Dictionary of oral Polish language of the north-eastern borderland” and what does it include?A regional variety of the Polish language of the north-eastern borderland in both oral and written forms has been functioning in Belarus, Lithuania and Latvia (former Polish Livonia) for several centuries. In 2000, The Team for Research on the Polish Language of the North-Eastern Borderland of the Institute of Slavic Studies of PAS came up with an idea of creating A Dictionary of oral Polish language of the north-eastern borderland. First, publications containing patterns of the Polish language, credibly recorded, were collected. There were more and more new studies, and the material was enriched with many new lexemes as well as their new variants or better exemplifications. Therefore, the lexical collection continued and was completed in 2012. At the same time the team researchers carried out excerpting from earlier texts, choosing examples, searching for parallel forms of lexemes, blending the material in dictionary units, i.e. establishing the form of a dictionary entry. In this way the corpus of the dictionary was written, following a formula created by the team.The article presents methodology of creating the Dictionary, its material basis, short description of lexical items included and the content of an entry. Czym jest i co zawiera „Słownik mówionej polszczyzny pónocnokresowej”Regionalna odmiana polszczyzny północnokresowej w postaci języka mówionego i pisanego funkcjonowała na obszarze Białorusi, Litwy i Łotwy (dawne Inflanty Polskie) od kilku wieków.W roku 2000 w Zespole Badań Polszczyzny Północnokresowej IS PAN powstał pomysł opracowania Słownika mówionej polszczyzny północnokresowej. Przez pierwsze lata wyszukiwano i gromadzono publikacje zawierające zarejestrowane w sposób wiarygodny wzorce mowy polskiej na interesującym nas terenie. Nowych opracowań stale przybywało, materiał powiększał się o nowe leksemy lub ich nowe postaci czy lepszą egzemplifikację. Dlatego też uzupełnianie zbioru leksykalnego zamknięto datą publikacji wydanych w roku 2012. Równolegle z uzupełnieniami pochodzącymi z nowo pojawiających się prac prowadzono ekscerpcję z tekstów wcześniejszych, dobór przykładów, wyszukiwanie paralelnych postaci leksemów i scalanie materiałów w jednostki słownikowe, czyli ustalanie postaci hasła. W ten sposób powstał korpus Słownika, który opracowywano według ułożonej przez zespół formuły. Artykuł przedstawia metodologię tworzenia Słownika, jego podstawę materiałową, krótką charakterystykę leksyki, którą zawiera oraz zawartość artykułu hasłowego.


2004 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Bajkiewicz-Grabowska

Abstract In the paper it is shown that the lakes of the North-Eastern Poland fulfil various functions in the groundwater phase of the water circulation. The value of the resultant of the groundwater supply to the lake, and in some cases also its direction, depend on the volume of the water undergoing a total exchange in the reservoir in the given year. In through-flow lakes the runoff increase coefficient also influences this value.


LingVaria ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (27) ◽  
pp. 149-164
Author(s):  
Mirosław Jankowiak

Relics of the Polish Language of the North-Eastern Borderland in the Former Boundaries of Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (Southern Lands of the Pskov Province). Part IThe present paper consists of two parts, and presents the spoken Polish of the North-Eastern Borderland, as well as borrowings from Polish which function in the dialects of the Pskov province. Three regions with different histories have been included. The southern lands of the Pskov province (the area which belonged to the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth until 1772) were described in the first part of the article. The sociolinguistic situation and loanwords borrowed from Polish (or via Polish) were analysed basing on two sources: the author’s materials collected during dialectological field research, and material from The Pskov Regional Dictionary with Historical Data. The Pytalovo region (which belonged to Latvia in the interwar period) and the historical Pskov region (where there were no Polish settlements) were described in the second part of the paper. Two sources were used: The Pskov Regional Dictionary with Historical Data, and The Dialectological Dictionary of One Family (Pytalovo Region of the Pskov Province).


2015 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 359-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Halina Karaś

Observations on the Polish lexis in Lithuania on the borderland of Lithuania, Latvia and BelarusThe paper comments on the lexicon of Polish on the borderland of Lithuania, Latvia and Belarus (in the Zarasai district and the Ignalina district in Lithuania). The remarks, illustrated with selected examples, have been formulated on the basis of data gathered during field research in 2000–2001 and 2010–2011. The paper aims primarily at discussing the extent to which the collected material contributes to the state-of-the-art knowledge on the vocabulary of the North-Eastern Borderlands; the author analyzes the types of words present in the collected material in order to specify whether they are generally attested and well documented, or conversely – less known and only occasionally considered in literature.A large part of the collected material consists of vocabulary well known in Lithuania, and often in the whole area of the North-Eastern Borderlands. These include old expressions of various origin typical of the Eastern Borderlands, richly documented in works devoted to the Polish language of the North-Eastern Borderlands; loans from Lithuanian and Belorussian; or Polish archaic forms, e.g. asystentka ‘maid of honour’, budni ‘usual, ordinary’, fest ‘church fair’, gadzina ‘viper’, hurba ‘snowbank’, karszun ‘hawk’. Another numerous group are newer loanwords from Russian and Lithuanian, popularised in the post-war period, as well as in the recent years along with the changing role of the Lithuanian language, e.g. elektra ‘electric light, electri­city’, awtoławka ‘travelling shop’, balnica ‘hospital’.A small, yet extremely interesting for researchers, part of the lexis is composed of vocabulary not so well known in the North-Eastern Borderlands or in Lithuania, regionally bound (exhibited solely in the examined areas or in two former tightly-knit Polish-speaking areas), with limited frequency (rare words, appearing in various regions, yet seldom recognized), or restricted as far as the chronology is concerned (not attested presently, until now known only from older, pre-war sources, mainly from the works of Halina Turska), e.g. bracienik ‘cousin’, ciuszka ‘blowhole’, czeladź ‘children, offspring’, lun ‘marsh, swamp’, babaczka ‘bow tie’, murawiejnik ‘anthill’, ciełuszutka ‘heiferdim’, światleć ‘to shine’.A separate group encompasses words previously undocumented in literature, e.g. wieczuruszkować ‘to go to soirees, parties in the evening’, including the unknown word-formation variants, e.g. walaniantówka ‘epilepsy’ vs. walentaczka/walantaczka, or the regionally-bound diminutive forms with typical suffixes, today rare, e.g. buteleniatka ‘bottledim’, chustalutka ‘handkerchiefdim’.It is worth emphasizing that certain parts of the described vocabulary might still be commonly used, however the scarcity of extensive lexical research, as well as the lack of a full dictionary of Polish of the North-Eastern Borderlands render it impossible to resolve this question. Заметки о лексике польского языка в Литве на литовско-латышско-белорусском пограничьеВ статье изложены заметки о лексике польского языка, функционирующего в Литве на литовско-латышско-белорусском пограничье (в районах Зарасай и Игналина), составленные по материалам, собранным во время полевых исследований в 2000–2001 и 2010–2011 годы и проиллюстрированные отобранными примерами. Цель статьи состоит, прежде всего, в том, чтобы обратить внимание на то, какие новшества в польской лексике северовосточных районов отражает собранный материал, какого типа лексику он подтверждает – распространённую и хорошо закрепившуюся либо представленную словами менее знакомыми, реже обнаруживаемыми в литературе. Основная часть собранной лексики – это слова хорошо известные в Литве и на всей территории „польщизны кресовой”, слова различного происхождения из давнего словарного состава, хорошо описанные в научной литературе – литовско-белорусские генетические заимствования или польские архаизмы, напр. asystentka ‘подруга невесты’, budni ‘будничный’, fest ‘храмовый праздник’, gadzina ‘гадюка’, hurba ‘сугроб’, karszun ‘ястреб’. Значительную группу составляют более поздние заимствования из русского и литовского языков, вошедшие в обиход в послевоенный период и в последние годы в связи с новой функцией литовского языка, напр. elektra ‘электричество’, awtoławka ‘автолавка’, balnica ‘больница’. Малочисленную группу лексики, однако наиболее интересную, по мнению исследователей, составляют слова менее распространённые на бывшей польской северовосточной территории или же по всей Литве. Они ограничены территориально (лишь исследованными районами или двумя компактными польскоязычными ареалами), по частотности (редко появляются в отдельных местах), хронологически (в настоящее время не засвидетельствованны или известны лишь по довоенным работам Г. Турской и по записям речи переселенцев из Виленщины в Польшу), напр. bracienik ‘двоюродный брат, кузен’, ciuszka ‘прорубь’, chromina ‘хозяйственная постройка’, czeladź ‘дети, потомки’, lun ‘трясина, топь’, babaczka ‘бабочка, вид галстука’, murawiejnik ‘муравейник’, ciełuszutka ‘тёлка’, światleć ‘светлеть’. Отдельную группу составляют слова, не упоминавшиеся до сих пор в ли- тературе, напр. wieczuruszkować ‘танцевать на вечеринках’, в том числе неизвестные до сих пор словообразовательные варианты, напр. walaniantówka ‘эпилепсия’ перед walentaczka/walantaczka ‘эпилепсия’, или, редкие сегодня, региональные деминутивы с характерными суффиксами, напр. buteleniatka ‘бутылочка’, chustalutka ‘платочек’. Следует оговориться, что часть вышеуказанной лексики возможно известна шире, однако отсутствие широкозапланированных лексических исследований и большого полного словаря польского северовосточного региолекта препятствует решению этого вопроса.


LingVaria ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (28) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirosław Jankowiak

Relics of the Polish Language of the North-Eastern Borderland in the Former Boundariesof Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (Southern Lands of Pskov Province). Part II The present paper consists of two parts, and presents the spoken Polish of the North-Eastern Borderland, as well as borrowings from Polish which function in the dialects of the Pskov province. Three regions with different histories have been included. The southern lands of the Pskov province (the area which belonged to the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth until 1772) were described in the first part of the article. The sociolinguistic situation and loanwords borrowed from Polish (or via Polish) were analysed basing on two sources: the author’s materials collected during dialectological field research, and material from The Pskov Regional Dictionary with Historical Data. The Pytalovo region (which belonged to Latvia in the interwar period) and the historical Pskov region (where there were no Polish settlements) were described in the second part of the paper. Two sources were used: The Pskov Regional Dictionary with Historical Data, and The Dialectological Dictionary of One Family (Pytalovo Region of the Pskov Province).


1942 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 315
Author(s):  
Bowen ◽  
Vickery ◽  
Buchanan ◽  
Swallow ◽  
Perks ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Sergey B. Kuklev ◽  
Vladimir A. Silkin ◽  
Valeriy K. Chasovnikov ◽  
Andrey G. Zatsepin ◽  
Larisa A. Pautova ◽  
...  

On June 7, 2018, a sub-mesoscale anticyclonic eddy induced by the wind (north-east) was registered on the shelf in the area of the city of Gelendzhik. With the help of field multidisciplinary expedition ship surveys, it was shown that this eddy exists in the layer above the seasonal thermocline. At the periphery of the eddy weak variability of hydrochemical parameters and quantitative indicators of phytoplankton were recorded. The result of the formation of such eddy structure was a shift in the structure of phytoplankton – the annual observed coccolithophores bloom was not registered.


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