A Potential Treatment of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease with SIRT1 Activators

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasar Colak ◽  
Atakan Yesil ◽  
Hasan Huseyin Mutlu ◽  
Ozge Telci Caklili ◽  
Celal Ulasoglu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Current Approach ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Pathophysiological Mechanisms ◽  
Life Style Changes

Sirtuins (SIRTs) are members of the silent information regulator-2 family and act as nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent histone/protein deacetylases. The de-acetylation of proteins and histones results in an up- or down-regulation of gene transcription and protein function. In recent years, the regulatory action of the deacetylation activity of SIRT1 has been shown to have a positive impact on the pathophysiological mechanisms of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Among the effects of SIRT1 are: its healing activity on insulin sensitivity, thereby ameliorating glycemic regulation; its mimetic activity on calorie restriction; its antihyperlipidemic activity on lipid homeostasis via the liver, adipose tissues and skeletal muscles; its antiinflammatory activities; its protective effects against cardiovascular events and endothelial dysfunction; its positive influence on autophagy, apoptosis and cancer; and finally, its anti-aging activity. The current approach for the treatment of NAFLD involves the treatment of etiological factors and recommendation of life-style changes including more physical activity and a low-calorie diet. However, there are no specific medical treatments for NAFLD. The therapeutic potential of SIRT1 activity in the treatment of NAFLD discovered in humans has been presented in this article. In this review, the potential effects of SIRT1 activation on NAFLD-related pathophysiological mechanisms and on the treatment of NAFLD are discussed.

scholarly journals Protective effects of the herbal medicine goshajinkigan in a rat model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 373-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshihiko Hirotani ◽  
Ayae Doi ◽  
Tomoki Takahashi ◽  
Hanako Umezawa ◽  
Yoko Urashima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Protective effects of glycyrrhizic acid against non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in mice

2017 ◽  
Vol 806 ◽  
pp. 75-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue Sun ◽  
Xingping Duan ◽  
Changyuan Wang ◽  
Zhihao Liu ◽  
Pengyuan Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Glycyrrhizic Acid ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

scholarly journals Effects of Different Green Tea Extracts on Chronic Alcohol Induced-Fatty Liver Disease by Ameliorating Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Bang-Yan Li ◽  
Hang-Yu Li ◽  
Dan-Dan Zhou ◽  
Si-Yu Huang ◽  
Min Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Green Tea ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Chronic Alcohol ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver

Alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD) is a common chronic liver disease and has become a critical global public health problem. Green tea is a popular drink worldwide and contains several bioactive compounds. Different green teas could contain diverse compounds and possess distinct bioactivities. In the present study, the effects of 10 green teas on chronic alcohol induced-fatty liver disease in mice were explored and compared. The results showed that several green teas significantly reduced triacylglycerol levels in serum and liver as well as the aminotransferase activities in mice at a dose of 200 mg/kg, suggesting that they possess hepatoprotective effects. Moreover, several green teas remarkably decreased the expression of cytochrome P450 2E1, the levels of malondialdehyde and 4-hydroxynonenoic acid, and the contents of proinflammatory cytokines, indicating that they could alleviate oxidation damage and inflammation induced by chronic alcohol exposure. In addition, Seven Star Matcha Tea and Selenium-Enriched Matcha Tea could increase glutathione level. Furthermore, the main phytochemical components in green teas were determined and quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography, and the correlation analysis showed that gallic acid, gallocatechin, catechin, chlorogenic acid, and epigallocatechin gallate might at least partially contribute to protective effects on AFLD. In conclusion, Selenium-Enriched Chaoqing Green Tea, Xihu Longjing Tea, Taiping Houkui Tea, and Selenium-Enriched Matcha Tea showed the strongest preventive effects on AFLD. This research also provides the public with new insights about the effects of different green teas on AFLD.

Vanillic Acid and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Focus on AMPK in Adipose and Liver Tissues

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sepideh Shekari ◽  
Fatemeh Khonsha ◽  
Mohammad Rahmati-Yamchi ◽  
Hamid Reza Nejabati ◽  
Ali Mota
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Vanillic Acid ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Mice Model ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a growing health issue around the world, is defined as the presence of steatosis in the liver without any other detectable byproducts such as alcohol consumption which includes a wide spectrum of pathologies, such as steatohepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. A growing body of evidence indicates that the reduction in the 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity, which could be activated by the consumption of the drugs, hormones, cytokines, and dietary restriction, is related to some metabolic disorders such as obesity, diabetes, PCOS, and NAFLD. Vanillic acid (VA), as an anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, anti-angiogenic and anti-metastatic factor, has protective effects on the liver as in two animal models of liver damage. It reduces serum levels of transaminases, inflammatory cytokines, and the accumulation of collagen in the liver and prevents liver fibrosis. Besides, it decreases body and adipose tissue weight in a mice model of obesity and, similar to the liver tissue, diminishes adipogenesis through the activation of AMPK. It has been reported that VA can target almost all of the metabolic abnormalities of NAFLD, such as hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and hepatic injury, at least partially through the activation of AMPK. Therefore, in this review, we will discuss the possible and hypothetical roles of VA in NAFLD, with a special focus on AMPK.

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 872 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinchunzi Yang ◽  
Marta Fernández-Galilea ◽  
Leyre Martínez-Fernández ◽  
Pedro González-Muniesa ◽  
Adriana Pérez-Chávez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Pufa Supplementation ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Aging is a complex phenomenon characterized by the progressive loss of tissue and organ function. The oxidative-stress theory of aging postulates that age-associated functional losses are due to the accumulation of ROS-induced damage. Liver function impairment and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are common among the elderly. NAFLD can progress to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and evolve to hepatic cirrhosis or hepatic carcinoma. Oxidative stress, lipotoxicity, and inflammation play a key role in the progression of NAFLD. A growing body of evidence supports the therapeutic potential of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA), mainly docosahaexenoic (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), on metabolic diseases based on their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Here, we performed a systematic review of clinical trials analyzing the efficacy of n-3 PUFA on both systemic oxidative stress and on NAFLD/NASH features in adults. As a matter of fact, it remains controversial whether n-3 PUFA are effective to counteract oxidative stress. On the other hand, data suggest that n-3 PUFA supplementation may be effective in the early stages of NAFLD, but not in patients with more severe NAFLD or NASH. Future perspectives and relevant aspects that should be considered when planning new randomized controlled trials are also discussed.

scholarly journals Fermented Korean Red Ginseng Extract Enriched in Rd and Rg3 Protects against Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease through Regulation of mTORC1

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2963 ◽  
Author(s):  
Su-Yeon Choi ◽  
Jeong-Su Park ◽  
Chang-Ho Shon ◽  
Chae-Young Lee ◽  
Jae-Myun Ryu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Red Ginseng ◽  
Korean Red Ginseng ◽  
Ginseng Extract ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

The fermentation of Korean red ginseng (RG) increases the bioavailability and efficacy of RG, which has a protective role in various diseases. However, the ginsenoside-specific molecular mechanism of the fermented RG with Cordyceps militaris (CRG) has not been elucidated in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). A mouse model of NAFLD was induced by a fast-food diet (FFD) and treated with CRG (100 or 300 mg/kg) for the last 8 weeks. CRG-mediated signaling was assessed in the liver cells isolated from mice. CRG administration significantly reduced the FFD-induced steatosis, liver injury, and inflammation, indicating that CRG confers protective effects against NAFLD. Of note, an extract of CRG contains a significantly increased amount of ginsenosides (Rd and Rg3) after bioconversion compared with that of conventional RG. Moreover, in vitro treatment with Rd or Rg3 produced anti-steatotic effects in primary hepatocytes. Mechanistically, CRG protected palmitate-induced activation of mTORC1 and subsequent inhibition of mitophagy and PPARα signaling. Similar to that noted in hepatocytes, CRG exerted anti-inflammatory activity through mTORC1 inhibition-mediated M2 polarization. In conclusion, CRG inhibits lipid-mediated pathologic activation of mTORC1 in hepatocytes and macrophages, which in turn prevents NAFLD development. Thus, the administration of CRG may be an alternative for the prevention of NAFLD.

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