scholarly journals Anti-CGRP monoclonal antibodies: a breakthrough in the treatment of migraine

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 262-267
Author(s):  
Julia Azimova ◽  
Yaroslav Ashikhmin ◽  
Mikhail Kukushkin ◽  
Aleksandr Amelin ◽  
Kirill Skorobogatykh
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Prophylactic Treatment ◽  
Botulinum Toxin A ◽  
Beta Blockers ◽  
Episodic Migraine ◽  
New Class ◽  
Humanized Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Severe Adverse Reactions

To date, the prophylactic treatment of migraine has included only nonspecific drugs of various pharmacological groups: the beta-blockers propranolol and metoprolol, the anticonvulsants topiramate and valproic acid, the antidepressants amitriptyline and venlafaxine, candesartan, and Ona botulinum toxin A. As these drugs were developed for treatment of other diseases, their use was associated with adverse effects: decreased blood pressure, mental retardation, weight increase, nausea, and some others. CGRP is a neuropeptide that was regarded as the main biomarker of migraine as its level in this disease rise. The emergence of humanized monoclonal antibodies has opened up the possibility of blocking the action of CGRP and developing a new class of drugs that includes fremanezumab, erenumab, galcanezumab, and eptinezumab. Anti-CGRP monoclonal antibodies can be prescribed to patients with chronic and episodic migraine. The use of anti-CGRP monoclonal antibodies in clinical studies was associated with a small number of adverse effects, with severe adverse reactions being extremely rare.

scholarly journals Heart Failure Therapies for the Prevention of HER2-Monoclonal Antibody-Mediated Cardiotoxicity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 5527
Author(s):  
Lauren J. Brown ◽  
Thomas Meredith ◽  
Jie Yu ◽  
Anushka Patel ◽  
Bruce Neal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Active Treatment ◽  
Randomized Trials ◽  
Prophylactic Treatment ◽  
Beta Blockers ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Her2 Positive

Monoclonal antibodies including trastuzumab, pertuzumab, and antibody-drug conjugates, form the backbone of HER2-positive breast cancer therapy. Unfortunately, an important adverse effect of these agents is cardiotoxicity, occurring in approximately 10% of patients. There is increasing published data regarding prevention strategies for cardiotoxicity, though seldom used in clinical practice. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized-controlled trials to evaluate pharmacotherapy for the prevention of monoclonal HER2-directed antibody-induced cardiotoxicity in patients with breast cancer. Online databases were queried from their inception until October 2021. Effects were determined by calculating risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) or mean differences (MD) using random-effects models. We identified five eligible trials. In the three trials (n = 952) reporting data on the primary outcome of cardiotoxicity, there was no clear effect for patients assigned active treatment compared to control (RR = 0.90, 95% CI 0.63 to 1.29, p = 0.57). Effects were similar for ACE-I/ARB and beta-blockers (p homogeneity = 0.50). Active treatment reduced the risk of HER2 therapy interruptions (RR = 0.57, 95% CI 0.43 to 0.77, p < 0.001) with similar findings for ACE-I/ARB and beta-blockers (p homogeneity = 0.97). Prophylactic treatment with ACE-I/ARB or beta-blocker therapy may be of value for cardio-protection in patients with breast cancer prescribed monoclonal antibodies. Further, adequately powered randomized trials are required to define the role of routine prophylactic treatment in this patient group.

scholarly journals Adverse Reactions to Humanized Monoclonal Antibodies

2017 ◽  
Vol 139 (2) ◽  
pp. AB37
Author(s):  
Dasha Roa-Medellin ◽  
Irene Garcia-Gutierrez ◽  
Maria C. Lillo ◽  
Marcos Sanchez-Dominguez ◽  
Arantza Ais-Larisgoitia, Pharm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Humanized Monoclonal Antibodies

ОЦЕНКА ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ И БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ 10% ВНУТРИВЕННОГО ИММУНОГЛОБУЛИНА ПРИВИДЖЕН В РЕАЛЬНОЙ КЛИНИЧЕСКОЙ ПРАКТИКЕ

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.G. Khludova ◽  
I.A. Manto ◽  
E.A. Latysheva ◽  
T.V. Latysheva ◽  
M.R. Khaitov
Keyword(s):  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Primary Immunodeficiency ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
High Efficacy ◽  
Antibody Synthesis ◽  
Human Immunoglobulins ◽  
Severe Adverse Reactions ◽  
Common Variable ◽  
Real Clinical Practice

Актуальность. Заместительная терапия иммуноглобулинами человека является ведущим патогенетическим методом лечения первичных иммунодефицитов с нарушением синтеза антител. В настоящее время в России доступно несколько препаратов иммуноглобулинов человека нормальных для внутривенного введения. Цель. Оценить эффективность и безопасность препарата Привиджен (10 раствор иммуноглобулина для внутривенного введения) в реальной клинической практике в течение 12 клинических месяцев. Материалы и методы. 20 взрослых с диагнозом общая вариабельная иммунная недостаточности и Х-сцепленная агаммаглобулинемия получали внутривенный иммуноглобулин Привиджен к интервалом 243 дня в течение 12 мес. Первичными критериями оценки была частота инфекционных осложнений и нежелательных явлений. Результаты. У большинства пациентов в ходе исследования достигнут удовлетворительный претранс-фузионный уровень IgG. Тяжелых нежелательных явлений, связанных с введением препарата, не зарегистрировано. Заключение. В ходе исследования препарат продемонстрировал высокую эффективность и безопасность у пациентов, нуждающихся в ежемесячной заместительной терапииRelevance. Replacement therapy with human immunoglobulins is the leading pathogenetic method of treatment of primary immunodeficiency with impaired antibody synthesis. Currently, several preparations of human immunoglobulins for intravenous administration are available in Russia. Purposes. Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of Privigen immunoglobulin intravenous 10 liquid in real clinical practice within 12 clinical months. Methods. Twenty adults diagnosed with common variable immunodeficiency or X-linked agammaglobulinemia received intravenous Privigen infusions (0.2-0.4 mg/kg) at 243 intervals over a 12-month period. The primary endpoint was the annual rate of infections and adverse events. Results. Sufficient level of IgG was achieved in most patients during the study. Severe adverse reactions during the treatment were not registered. Conclusions. High efficacy and safety of monthly replacement therapy in patients with primary immunodeficiency with impaired antibody synthesis has been demonstrated.

scholarly journals Lidocaine: A Local Anesthetic, Its Adverse Effects and Management

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (8) ◽  
pp. 782
Author(s):  
Entaz Bahar ◽  
Hyonok Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Local Anesthetic ◽  
Local Anesthetics ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Allergic Reactions ◽  
Life Threatening

The most widely used medications in dentistry are local anesthetics (LA), especially lidocaine, and the number of recorded adverse allergic responses, particularly of hazardous responses, is quite low. However, allergic reactions can range from moderate to life-threatening, requiring rapid diagnosis and treatment. This article serves as a review to provide information on LA, their adverse reactions, causes, and management.

scholarly journals Management of Patients under Treatment with Monoclonal Antibodies and New Biological Therapies

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 4865
Author(s):  
Marta Amigo-Basilio ◽  
Covadonga Álvarez-González ◽  
Carlos Cobo-Vázquez ◽  
Isabel Leco-Berrocal ◽  
Luis Miguel Sáez-Alcaide ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Conservative Treatment ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Biological Therapy ◽  
Design Analysis ◽  
Biological Therapies ◽  
Analysis Of Cases

Objective: The aim of this study is to know the biological therapy drugs that are related to adverse events, what dental treatments are associated with the appearance of these events, their severity, and how they are resolved. Study design: Analysis of cases described in the literature on patients undergoing treatment with biological therapies who have developed adverse effects associated with these drugs. Results: Of the 62 articles reviewed, 49 describe 68 cases of MRONJ, most of which appeared in the jaw and received surgical and/or conservative treatment. Conclusions: Biological therapies can potentially develop adverse effects in the oral cavity, so strict monitoring by the dentist is necessary.

scholarly journals Botulinum toxin A in the treatment of blepharospasm: a 10-year experience

2005 ◽  
Vol 63 (2a) ◽  
pp. 221-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Silveira-Moriyama ◽  
Lilian R. Gonçalves ◽  
Hsin Fen Chien ◽  
Egberto R. Barbosa
Keyword(s):  
Botulinum Toxin ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Botulinum Toxin A ◽  
Botulinum Toxin Type A ◽  
Botulinum Toxin Type ◽  
Term Effect ◽  
Secondary Resistance ◽  
School Of Medicine ◽  
Long Term Effect

To evaluate the long-term effect of botulinum toxin type A (BTX) in the treatment of blepharospasm, a retrospective analysis was conducted from the patients seen at the Movement Disorders Clinic of the Department of Neurology, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo School of Medicine from 1993 to 2003. A total of 379 treatments with BTX were administered to 30 patients with blepharospasm. Sixty six per cent of the subjects had used oral medication for dystonia and only 15% of them reported satisfactory response to this treatment. Ninety three per cent of the patients showed significant improvement after the first BTX injection. There was no decrement in response when compared the first and the last injection recorded. Adverse effects, mostly minor, developed at least once in 53% of patients. Six patients (20%) discontinued the treatment but there was no case of secondary resistance.

scholarly journals AB0864 DO CORTICOSTEROIDS AND HYALURONIC ACID INJECTIONS CAUSE INFECTIONS? A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF LITERATURE ON ADVERSE EFFECTS AND INFECTION RATES OF INTRA-ARTICULAR CORTICOSTEROID AND HYALURONIC ACID INJECTIONS IN PATIENTS WITH KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1739.2-1739
Author(s):  
C. Hatzantonis
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Cochrane Reviews ◽  
Number Of Patients

Background:Knee osteoarthritis has been a leading cause of chronic pain and disability in our increasingly aging population. Conservative management options of physiotherapy and oral analgesics offer some relief, but delivery of intra-articular injections such as corticosteroids or hyaluronic acid has increasingly become the mainstay of pain management of knee osteoarthritis. In a clinical setting, intra-articular injections offer a means to delay a total knee replacement. Despite the abundance of literature on corticosteroids and hyaluronic acid, there is no known percentage of infection rates or adverse effects that clinicians may use to inform patients prior to obtaining consent for the injection.Objectives:To determine a rate of adverse events and infection rates in patients undergoing intra-articular injections of corticosteroids or hyaluronic acid.Methods:A systematic review of current literature including studies involving patients ranging from 45 patients (Carmona L, 2018) to Cochrane reviews of 1767 patients (Campbell Kirk, 2015). From these studies, the number of patients, adverse reactions (i.e. pain, erythema) and serious adverse reactions (infections) were calculated.Results:Within our study, there was a large variation of numbers of adverse effects of hyaluronic acid and corticosteroids amongst studies, with percentages as variable as 0-9.3%. Corticosteroids demonstrated 11-26% reduction of adverse events compared to hyaluronic acid. However, confidence intervals were found to not be statistically significant.Conclusion:Intra-articular injections of corticosteroids and hyaluronic acid, although deemed clinically effective, continue to demonstrate variable rates of adverse effects and infection amongst patients with progressive knee osteoarthritis.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

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