scholarly journals OPTIMIZATION OF GAS SUPPLY UNDER CONDITIONS OF THE GLOBAL EXPANSION OF LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (4) ◽  
pp. 3-17
Author(s):  
Andrii SKRYPNYK ◽  
◽  
Yurii NAMIASENKO ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Optimization Model ◽  
Transportation Network ◽  
Target Function ◽  
Seasonal Fluctuation ◽  
Gas Storage ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
Gas Supply ◽  
Storage Facilities

The issue of diversification and optimization of gas supply to Ukraine is extremely relevant in the process of achieving energy independence. Today there is still no global market for natural gas, but the analysis made suggests that there is a process of the price divergence of regional markets for natural gas. The optimization models of gas supply in Ukraine are considered taking into account the availability of powerful gas storage facilities, developed natural gas transportation network, own sources of gas extraction and the possibility of purchasing natural gas in the EU countries. It is shown that diversification of gas supply leads to a significant reduction of transportation costs. In this case, the value of the target function was found provided the same gas supply price from all available sources compared with the option of gas supply from one source on the border with the Russian Federation. The availability of gas storage facilities allows taking into account the seasonal fluctuation of prices in the optimization model. Thus, gas storages act as consumers in the summer and as a source of gas supply during the heating season. The presence of gas storage facilities in the optimization model significantly reduces the integral target function, which includes the cost of acquisition, storage and transportation of natural gas. The capacity of gas storage facilities is not fully used; therefore, they can be used to optimize gas supply to Eastern European countries. The methods of econometric analysis are used to study the effect of rising natural gas prices on volumes of its consumption. An estimation of the coefficient of elasticity of linear and logarithmic models is carried out. On the basis of this indicator, gas consumption is estimated in case of further increase of its prices for the population. The possibilities of use of gas storage facilities for stabilization of gas supply to the countries of Eastern Europe are analyzed.

scholarly journals Solid Particles in Natural Gas from a Transportation Network: A Chemical Composition Study

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (20) ◽  
pp. 3866
Author(s):  
Maxime Cachia ◽  
Hervé Carrier ◽  
Brice Bouyssiere ◽  
Philippe Le Coustumer ◽  
Pierre Chiquet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Transportation Network ◽  
Gas Storage ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Storage Facility ◽  
Metallic Elements ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Particle Sampling ◽  
Composition Study ◽  
Scanning Electron

This paper aims to provide the elemental composition of particles found in natural gas. Particle sampling is performed on cellulose filters obtained from an industrial gas storage facility, and the qualitative particle composition is determined by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Our results establish that natural gas may contain solid particles, with sizes ranging from less than 1 μm to more than 50 μm. The observed particles are composed of numerous elements, such as aluminum (Al), silica (Si), sulphur (S), chloride (Cl), chromium (Cr), zinc (Zn), sodium (Na), manganese (Mg), calcium (Ca), iron (Fe), titanium (Ti), nickel (Ni), vanadium (V), potassium (K), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), silver (Ag), cobalt (Co), iodine (I), and barium (Ba), with relative occurrences ranging from 1 to 85%. Moreover, metallic elements enable the formation of larger particles as a result of the agglomeration of smaller particles.

scholarly journals Radar Interferometry as a Comprehensive Tool for Monitoring the Fault Activity in the Vicinity of Underground Gas Storage Facilities

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr Rapant ◽  
Juraj Struhár ◽  
Milan Lazecký
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Storage ◽  
Radar Interferometry ◽  
Underground Gas Storage ◽  
Vienna Basin ◽  
Vertical Movements ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Storage Area ◽  
Storage Structures ◽  
Storage Facilities

Underground gas storage facilities are an important element of the natural gas supply system. They compensate for seasonal fluctuations in natural gas consumption. Their expected lifetime is in tens of years. Continuous monitoring of underground gas storage is therefore very important to ensure its longevity. Periodic injection and withdrawal of natural gas can cause, among other things, vertical movements of the terrain surface. Radar interferometry is a commonly used method for tracking changes in the terrain height. It can register even relatively small height changes (mm/year). The primary aim of our research was to verify whether terrain behavior above a relatively deep underground gas storage can be monitored by this method and to assess the possibility of detecting the occurrence of anomalous terrain behavior in an underground gas storage area such as reactivation of faults in the area. The results show a high correlation between periodic injection and withdrawal of natural gas into/from the underground reservoir and periodic changes in terrain height above it (the amplitude of the height changes is in centimeters), which may allow the detection of anomalous phenomena. We documented special behavior of storage structures in the Vienna Basin: the areas adjacent to the underground gas storages show exactly the opposite phase of vertical movements, i.e., while the terrain above the underground reservoirs rises as natural gas is injected, the adjacent areas subside, and vice versa. Based on the analysis of geological conditions, we tend to conclude that this behavior is conditioned by the tectonic fault structure of the studied area.

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