scholarly journals Political populism and popular culture

2021 ◽  
Vol - (3) ◽  
pp. 125-137
Author(s):  
Alla Guzhva
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Political System ◽  
Max Weber ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Cultural Communication ◽  
Ideal Types ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
The Media

The article provides a comparative analysis of the cultural practices of political populism and the popular culture. The leading role of the media in the formation and promotion of popular movements and leaders is emphasized. There is a difference in the understanding of a leader's charisma that brings new values, according to Max Weber, and the pseudo-charisma of modern populist leaders that is created by their regular presence in the media. Populist politician is seen as a sign in cultural communication, where the politician’s personality is put as the signifier, and the ideology that the politician promotes — as the signified. Based on this analysis, three ideal types of populists have been identified: a blank sign that is focused on the present and represents populists without ideology; a sign that is oriented on the past and represents a populist national ideology; the sign that is oriented on the future and represents the reformers, the bearers of new social values. Theoretical approaches to the interpretation of popular culture are analyzed and it is pointed out that a mass society emerging is necessary both for the phenomenon of popular culture and for political populism to perform the quantitative indicator of public preferences. Common characteristics in the functioning of popular culture and populism are revealed — symbolism, emotionality, "origin from people", resistance against the system. The decisive role of the media in cultural communication for both popular culture and political populism is emphasized. However, there are significant differences between popular culture and political populism. Popular culture has its own values, while political populism uses values of others. Comparing popular culture and its impact on culture in general on one hand and political popularization and its impact on the political system on the other, a scrutator could expect for some renewal and diversification of current political institutions that would be a positive factor for the global political system and global society.

The Art of Bilingual Editing of Magazines

Babel ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria C. Choy
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Information Flow ◽  
Mass Communication ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Communication ◽  
Strategic Competence ◽  
Cross Cultural Communication ◽  
Intercultural Encounters ◽  
The Media

Abstract Mass communication has become a daily feature of our technological civilisation. This is as true of cross-cultural or intercultural encounters as it is of intra-cultural communication, and mass media have facilitated effective international information flow. Bilingual editing becomes an important medium of mass communication. The effectiveness of such communication rests upon the grammatical, lexical, sociolinguistic, socio-cultural, discourse and strategic competence of participants (editors, writers, translators and readers). It rests upon their ability to use creatively and to respond sensitively to language. In this dynamic process of communication, a bilingual editor not only plays the role of translator but also acts as a mediator; as Hatim and Mason (1990:223) suggest, s/he "has not only a bilingual ability but also a bi-cultural vision". In view of the diversity of usage of bilingual editing in the media, this research delves into the bilingual editing of magazines in Hong Kong. The study focuses on translation only from English and Chinese, or vice versa. Inasmuch as there is very little academic attention to bilingual editing and its nature, processes and techniques, or to the role of translation in bilingual editing, it is believed that this research will help facilitate cross-cultural communication between Westerners and Chinese. Résumé Dans notre civilisation, marquée par le seau de la technologie, la communication de masse relève du quotidien. Cette remarque est valable tant en ce qui concerne les rencontres interculturelles que la communication intraculturelle. De plus, la communication de masse favorise l'échange efficace des informations à l'échelon international. Les publications bilingues sont devenues un important support de la communication de masse. L'efficacité de cette communication repose sur le discours grammatical, lexical, socio-linguistique, socio-culturel et sur la compétence stratégique de ceux qui y participent (rédacteurs, écrivains, traducteurs et lecteurs). Elle repose sur leur faculté d'utiliser le langage avec créativité et d'y réagir avec sensibilité. Dans ce processus de communication dynamique, le rédacteur bilingue joue non seulement le rôle de traducteur mais aussi de médiateur, comme le suggèrent Hatim et Mason (1990:223): il ou elle "dispose non seulement d'une capacité de bilinguisme mais aussi d'une vision biculturelle". Au vu de la diversité d'emploi de la rédaction bilingue dans les médias, cette recherche fouille dans l'univers de l'édition de magazines bilingues à Hong Kong. L'étude se concentre uniquement sur la traduction de l'anglais et du chinois et vice-versa. Dans la mesure où dans les milieux académiques, on attache très peu d'importance à l'édition bilingue, à sa nature, à ses processus et techniques, ou au rôle de la traduction dans le monde de l'édition bilingue, l'auteur estime que cette recherche facilitera la communication interculturelle entre les Occidentaux et les Chinois.

Narrazioni transnazionali: rappresentazione e racconto nei movimenti alterglobalisti, tra traduzione culturale e attivazione della protesta

2009 ◽  
pp. 135-162
Author(s):  
Beppe De Sario
Keyword(s):  
Personal Experience ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Mutual Recognition ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Documentary Films ◽  
Cultural Experience ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Fundamental Dimension ◽  
And Training

- The article focuses on the role of representations (particularly visual and medial representations), of storytelling (biographical, memory of activism, training to global activism), of personal experience (travels, experience included in counter-summits and protests) and more generally examines cultural practices in the building of basis of mutual recognition and identity for people involved in the networks of alterglobal movements. Representations, narratives and experience have a decisive role in the developing of a globalization from below, giving a sort of cultural ground to communication and organizational networks. In this sense, the "activist experience" acts as a device of mediation and cultural translation in the emerging alterglobal movements, becoming a fundamental dimension of movements which should be considered "transnational" not only on the level of organization, agenda setting, activation of protest, but also at level of subjectivity. The article develops in three parts. In the first part, it's the analysis of representations of alterglobal movements in Genoa (counter-summit and protests against G8 summit) emerging from audiovisual products and documentary films. The second one focuses on biographical stories of activists about learning and training to experience activism in the new environment of protest taking place in Genoa. The third part summarizes concepts and theoretical approaches about a culturalist perspective in the study of alterglobal movements. Keywords: alterglobal movements, transnational subjectivity, cultural experience, representations, narratives. 174

Enquête sur le rapport des journalistes à la démocratie : le rôle de médiateur en question

2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 685-710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne-Marie Gingras
Keyword(s):  
Political System ◽  
Active Role ◽  
The Political ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Liberal Societies ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Media ◽  
Selection Of

Résumé.Dans ce texte, nous tentons d'évaluer le rôle sociopolitique des journalistes en posant les éléments fondamentaux d'une conceptualisation du rôle des médias en démocratie et en analysant les résultats d'une recherche empirique sur l'engagement des journalistes envers la démocratie menée de l'été 2008 au printemps 2010. Notre étude prend appui sur la dichotomie entre un rôle actif des médias et un rôle instrumental face au système politique, dichotomie que nous faisons porter sur les journalistes. Nous prétendons que les médias et les journalistes jouent le rôle de « médiateurs » dans les sociétés libérales, c'est-à-dire d'agents individuels ou collectifs par qui transitent des messages explicites ou implicites; ces agents ajoutent une couche de sens par diverses méthodes dont la sélection des nouvelles, la hiérarchisation des sujets ou le cadrage de personnes ou d'événements.Abstract.This paper aims to assess the sociopolitical role of journalists through a conceptual approach linking media and democracy and through an analysis of the data resulting from an investigation of journalists' commitment to democracy that was conducted from the summer of 2008 to the spring of 2010. Our study is founded on the dichotomy between an active role for the media and an instrumental one in the face of the political system, and this dichotomy is applied to journalists. We believe that the media and journalists function as “mediators” in liberal societies, that is, as individual or collective agents through whom explicit or implicit messages pass; these agents add a layer of signification by diverse methods, among which are the selection of news, the categorization of issues or the framing of individuals or events.

scholarly journals Religion, Political Actors, and Democratization: The Turkish Case

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 590-612
Author(s):  
Luca Ozzano
Keyword(s):  
Political System ◽  
Political History ◽  
The Political ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Turkish Case ◽  
Role Of Religion ◽  
Religious Actors

AbstractThis article is part of a special issue on the five Muslim democracies. It aims at understanding the role played by religion, and particularly by religiously oriented actors, in Turkey's democratization processes. The first section analyzes the different theoretical approaches to the role of religion in democratization. The second section analyzes the different phases of Turkey's political history since the 1980 coup, taking into account both democratization processes and the role played by religious actors in the political system, and trying to understand the possible relations between the two phenomena.

scholarly journals Polish Democracy Under Threat? An Issue of Mere Politics or a Real Danger?

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sava Jankovic
Keyword(s):  
Political System ◽  
Civil Service ◽  
The Media ◽  
Constitutional Tribunal ◽  
The Law ◽  
Law And Justice ◽  
Ruling Party ◽  
Real Danger

Abstract Poland has recently experienced a constitutional crisis. The crisis involves the role of the Law and Justice Party (PiS) in the election of judges and amendments to the Constitutional Tribunal Act which threatens the independence of the Tribunal. The situation is exacerbated by changes in the media, civil service, police, and prosecution laws introduced by the ruling party. This article analyses the changes, as well as the domestic and international reactions to the crisis, and considers whether the heavy criticism of the PiS is justified, or whether it results from, for instance, specific characteristics of the Polish political system and an unfavourable opinion in Europe about the Law and Justice party.

The Real Westworlds

2021 ◽  
pp. 86-105
Author(s):  
Munevver Elif Gurses ◽  
Filiz Erdogan Tugran
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Dark Tourism ◽  
Important Place ◽  
The Media ◽  
Tourism Activity ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Historical Sites

Nowadays, with globalization, dark tourism has become one of the rising stars of popular culture and tourism trends; in fact, it has existed in human life for centuries. Although the role of the media in this popularization process is great, visits to tombs and monuments, museum visits, historical sites, and places that are remembered with negative stories actually get involved in the dark tourism activity, albeit unknowingly. Dark tourism has been the subject of academic research in the last two decades, thanks to its popularity; basically, it describes travels to places famous for death, catastrophe, natural disaster, war, or legendary narratives. The heartbeat of the “storyteller,” who had an important place for Walter Benjamin and that he defended to disappear, started to be heard again in the dark tourism event. This research is the product of an effort to rethink the storyteller through dark tourism.

The Origins of the Protest Movement Against Ethnic Hierarchy

2018 ◽  
pp. 111-128
Author(s):  
Gilles Riaux
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Cultural Capital ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Political System ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Resource Mobilization ◽  
The Political ◽  
Middle Classes ◽  
Revolutionary Period

This chapter looks at the central role of entrepreneurs of mobilization. The study of different routes taken by entrepreneurs of the Azerbaijani cause has proven helpful when attempting to understand the genesis of the cause. These actors play a crucial role in the initiation and development of the movement, restructuring it throughout the revolutionary period and working toward the subversion of ethnic ranking. Indeed, resource mobilization highlights the decisive role played by intellectual figures from the educated middle classes. Based on their cultural and social capital, these entrepreneurs have specific resources that give them the ability to carry out a redefinition and enhancement of “turkishness” in its Azerbaijani specificity. The chapter then points out that Azeri elites with significant cultural capital tend to be integrated in the political system, whereas those with more “local” capital have been involved in setting up the Azeri rights movement.

Housing Politics in the United Kingdom

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Lund
Keyword(s):  
Social Constructionism ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Electoral System ◽  
Wicked Problem ◽  
Policy Outcomes ◽  
Rational Solutions ◽  
Housing Design ◽  
Theoretical Approaches

Housing has been labelled a ‘wicked’ problem: complex, territorial, open-ended and intractable. This book underscores the role of politics in generating this ‘wickedness’, highlighting the ‘actors’ engaged in the process within their political institutions and the entrenched territorial electoral politics involved in the ‘housing question’. It concentrates on the preparing, disputing and implementing policy rather than on policy outcomes and the social and economic determinants ― industrialisation, capitalism, globalisation ― of continuity and change. The major theoretical approaches framing its content are the ‘new institutionalism’, social constructionism and public choice theory. The sub-title reflects the book’s themes. Power is acquired formally through the electoral system but is exercised through a variety of mechanisms including ‘governmentality’ ― the techniques that regulate and order behaviour. Planning draws attention to attempts to modify the role of markets in housing outcomes and includes land use planning and the influence of alleged ‘rational’ solutions applied to ‘the housing problem’ manifest in housing design and specific interventions aimed at mitigating housing problems. Protest concerns the ‘outsiders’ in the political system and their attempts to secure a voice often outside the normal institutional channels approved by authorities and perhaps eventually become the power holders.

Representation of Islam and Christianity in the Swiss Media

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Urs Dahinden ◽  
Carmen Koch ◽  
Vinzenz Wyss ◽  
Guido Keel
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Media Content ◽  
Mutual Understanding ◽  
Media Content Analysis ◽  
Negative Image ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
The Media ◽  
Islam And Christianity ◽  
Research Questions

Abstract What is the role of the media in multi-religious societies? Are they aggravating latent tensions between religions or rather helping to promote mutual understanding? These are the key research questions addressed in this paper. The discussion in this paper refers to narration and framing as two theoretical approaches from communication science. The empirical findings of a media content analysis in Switzerland show strong differences between Islam and Christianity: While Christianity and its denominations are mainly presented in positive frames and positive narratives (e.g. “good mother”), the image of Islam is rather negative. Islam receives relatively high media attention, but the focus is not on Islam in Switzerland, but on Islam abroad. A number of qualitative interviews with journalists and representatives of religious organisations show that this negative image is not caused by anti-muslim attitudes, but rather the outcome of journalistic routines. The paper discusses these findings against the background of the research questions and concludes with some recommendations for journalists and representatives of religious organizations.

Trial by media: Why victims and activists seek a parallel justice forum for war crimes

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-374
Author(s):  
Maria Rae
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
War Crimes ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Media Campaigns ◽  
Human Rights Abuses ◽  
Legal Responses ◽  
The Media ◽  
Global War

When the brutal Sri Lankan conflict ended, victims and activists launched global war crimes cases against the state alongside successful media campaigns. Although these justice claims never progressed to a court of law, they were heard, through the media, by the court of public opinion. This article considers to what extent a ‘trial by media’ might have the potential to provide a parallel justice forum. It questions how activists and victims view the role of the media in seeking justice. It finds they perceive the media’s key functions are to expose crimes, bear witness to crimes, name perpetrators, influence public opinion and apply pressure on legal and political institutions to respond to human rights abuses. However, victims and activists also recognise the media is limited in delivering justice. Therefore, this article argues a trial by media should be conceived of more as an accountability mechanism that has the capacity to draw attention to the shortcomings of official legal responses and processes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document