Slow Tourism in the Sustainability of Local Culture

The essence of slow tourism is the sustainability of the locals. Slow tourism includes tourism activities by visiting slow cities, tasting slow food, and enjoying the moment, avoiding the worry of uploading photos to social media accounts while experiencing all these. Slow tourism is based on the need to experience travel within the framework of sustainability and to prioritize the locals during these travels. What is important in this tourism activity is not how long a destination is spent or how many destinations are visited, but how productive time is spent at the destination and the emotions that emerge afterward. In addition to these, many practices are carried out to ensure the sustainability of local culture, especially in slow cities, within the scope of slow tourism. Practices such as the continuation of local handicrafts, ensuring the continuity of local life under the influence of ancient civilizations, and sustainability of the local architectural style are included in slow city destinations. The essence of all this is to ensure the continuity of the local culture.

Tourists Interest in Camping as an Alternative Tourism Activity During COVID-19 Pandemic: The AIDA Model Application

Since the coronavirus pandemic hit Indonesia, tourists have become more careful when doing tourist activities. Natural or outdoor tourist destinations are assumed as safe and preferable destinations because they have the lowest risk of coronavirus transmission. One of the activities that can be done in natural or outdoor tourist destinations is camping. Using the AIDA (Attention, Interest, Desire, and Action) Model, this research was conducted to determine how much tourists are interested in camping, especially in South Bandung, West Java, Indonesia, as it has many natural tourist destinations with camping areas. This study uses a quantitative descriptive method, frequency analysis techniques, and scoring analysis. Samples were taken using a stratified random sampling technique to 111 respondents. Respondents are tourists who know or have visited one of the three natural tourist destinations in South Bandung, used as samples, namely Mount Puntang, Ranca Upas, and Rancabali. The results show that tourists are quite interested in camping as an alternative tourism activity during the coronavirus pandemic. However, they have some limitations or prerequisites in visiting the camping area during these uncertain times.

Support Mechanisms for Canada’s Cultural and Creative Sectors during COVID-19

The cultural and creative industries enhance the quality of life for Canadians and visitors to Canada. However, definitions of the sector vary, presenting challenges for researchers and policymakers. Government data shows that the pandemic job and revenue loss were disproportionate in arts. The Canadian government created a range of financial tools (grants and subsidies) to support the sector during the Pandemic. This paper analyzes these financial instruments created in response to the Pandemic. This paper offers a case study on how government can support the economic and social success of the creative and cultural sector (CCS) in Canada and avoid the risk of the cultural ecosystem collapsing. In addition, the key findings may be helpful in other industries and markets when exploring ways to support the cultural and creative sectors, which are vital components of domestic and tourism activity.

Formation of regional inter-sectoral complexes of recreation and tourism activity as a sign of structural reorganization of the economy

Changes taking place in recent decades in the global economy have led to the formation and development of new highly differentiated inter-branch complexes, rather than separated industries. In the global economy, such reorganization is marked by the formation of new sectors of the economy, one of which is a sector of socio-natural types of economic activity. At the level of regions, new integration formations are developed - regional inter-sectoral recreational complexes (IcRC). The purpose of our study is to substantiate the formation of regional inter-sectoral complexes of recreational and tourist activities (RTA) in the conditions of radical restructuring of the economy of post-industrial civilization. Inter-sectoral complex RTA is a set of different types of activities of the population - economic and non-economic, as well as leisure forms that provide the needs of the population of the region (countries) in recreation services, health improvement, healing and tourism, accompanying social services and recreational and tourist infrastructure. The study presents an author's vision of the composition and structuring of the regional inter-sectoral complex of recreation and tourism activity. The developed model of the inter-sectoral complex RTA covers all varieties of recreational activities with all its forms - tourism, organized recreation, unorganized (amateur) mass recreation, household recreation. The geographical bases for the formation of regional inter-sectoral recreational complexes are serving recreational and tourist resources - destinations that determine the specialization of the region by types of RTA. Depending on the level of development of RTA in the region, the RTA management systems may form. At the local and regional levels, the RTA nodes will be destinations - local and regional concentration of recreational and tourist resources with appropriate infrastructure. On the global (international) level, RTA retains a network form of a territorial organization, whose nodes are world centres and areas of tourism, as well as the main areas of formation of tourist flows.

Assessing Mandeh Region as the Center of Marine Ecotourism in West Sumatra Province, Indonesia: Mass Tourism Issue and Vulnerability Aspects

Nowadays, Mandeh Region has developed significantly as the center of marine ecotourism in West Sumatra Province. Many local and international tourists were visiting this site. Due to those conditions, many threats emerged, such as mass tourism evoking damages and pollutions. This study aimed to examine the feasibility of the Mandeh Region for tourism activity and identify the impacts of mass tourism. A direct survey has been conducted. We assessed water quality, accessibility, and social conflicts using a scoring method. A modified matrix categorizing some parameters as the underlying data for marine tourism sustainability was used. We also developed Smartline and CVI model to assess the vulnerability level along Mandeh coastal bay. Local zonation was recommended to reduce more environmental damages. We examined the feasibility of the Mandeh region as a place for ecotourism that reached 71.12 %, indicating this area is sufficiently feasible. The absence of local regulations before the Mandeh region was established as the center of marine ecotourism resulted in mass tourism phenomena that elevated marine litter accumulation. Moreover, the development of many resorts near the coast has recently played a role in triggering pollution and damage. Advanced regulation and management are necessary to diminish negative impacts on both the environment and society.

Tourism of Polish cannabis consumers

The aim of this study is to characterize the tourism activity of Polish cannabis consumers in terms of (i) the level of their participation in tourism, (ii) parameters describing this participation, (iii) the effect of legal access to cannabis on choosing tourism destinations. The study is based on an anonymous online survey in which 886 voluntary respondents answered a series of questions about their tourist travels, their attitude to cannabis consumption, and their demographic, socio-economic and geographic metrics. Results of the survey were analyzed using several statistical indicators of variability, structure, correlation, and structure similarity. For the respondents declaring cannabis consumption, the level of their participation in tourism is close to the national level. Other parameters describing the domestic and foreign tourism of these respondents differ quite significantly from those reported for the general public of Poland. This indicates that the possibility of cannabis consumption significantly affects the nature and directions of travels undertaken by tourists interested in cannabis. Furthermore, there is a strong connection between the respondents’ personal preferences and the nature of their tourism, especially the destinations of their foreign trips. The conclusions from this study mostly apply to current and recent cannabis consumers because the vast majority of respondents (90%) rank among such kinds of cannabis users.

A CONCEPTUAL PAPER OF SPIRITUAL TOURISM MODEL (ISToM)

Spiritual tourism also known as one type of special interest tourism activity based on the expectations related with spirituality is now continuously developing and is being demanded by tourists. This demand is in line with the improvement of tourist information technology. Spiritual tourism will continuously develop due to the changes in the needs of the market. Initially, spiritual activities are directly connected with religion, and they have now shifted to the idea to something that is related with spiritual activities which include, creating comfort, pleasure and quality experience. Despite of the rapid development, it can be seen in the academic writing research, in which, there are still several researchers who argued religious and spiritual tourism as the same type of tourism. The phenomenon of religious spiritual tourism is more complex in the modern era and has been recognised as a separate tourism. Internationalising religious spiritual tourism in the context of people, places, and events has become a challenge. Religious spiritual tourism requires a new mode as a form of quality tourism development so that it will organise sociocultural life with varieties of unique customs and become a tool to increase regional income, creating job opportunities and indirectly improve Malaysians’ quality of life. Thus, there is an urge to integrate the religious aspect into spiritual tourism. Hence, this research aims to develop an Islamic Spiritual Tourism Model (ISToM) based on Maqasid As Shariah. It is hoped that the findings will contribute to the existing knowledge about values and provide implications for developing spiritual tourism sustainably.

The Proliferation of the Online Sales of Tourism Activities

The online sales of tourism activities are increasing despite once-sluggish growth, especially in contrast to other tourism segments, i.e., transportation and accommodation, which already had a more significant share of online sales. This article aims to provide a narrative as to why tourism activities took longer than other travel segments to be sold online and why the trend of being sold increasingly online will continue into the future. The article concludes that two key factors, the nature of tourism activities (i.e., subjective and customizable) and technological advancements, have contributed to this trend. These technological advancements include tourism activity booking software-as-a-service (SaaS), innovation in payments technology, application programming interfaces (APIs), big data, and dynamic packaging. Additionally, the COVID-19 pandemic further accelerated this trend.