scholarly journals THE BEGINNINGS OF THE SPATIAL LOCATION OF LVIV IN THE LAST THIRD OF THE 13TH CENTURY

2019 ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
Maryana Dolynska
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
German Law ◽  
Spatial Location ◽  
Latin Text ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
The Real Estate ◽  
Similar Term ◽  
The Times ◽  
The Town

The researches during the last 20 years have shown that there were some spatial features of Magdeburg (city) rule in that time. Primarily the structure of the town was similar to other Central or Western European towns: a castle (castrum, burg, grad, dytynets) and an extensive settlement (podil), the latter having no fortifications and being where merchants and craftsmen lived. The initial formation of the city territory based on the principles of the spatial location of the cities of the German law started around the 70-th years of 13 century – the times of rule of duke Lev.No research this period the author has applied the methodology of recreating the historical topography based on the retrospective comparison of the prestatictical sources and applying it to the historical maps of the period. The primary Lviv space of the 13th century was based on the real-estate of the first Lviv «advocatus», Bertold Stecher, and the «laneus» area of Maria Snizhna Church. (Laneus – medieval measure of area, the similar term «mansus»). The 1368th manuscript explained the German family Stecher received land from Duke Lev without being subject to any rent. This real-estate consisted of three parts; the villa (a house in the countryside); allod (the land owned andnot subject to any rent); and the molendinum (mill).After the late 19th-century comment to Latin text insisted that all of these parts of real-estate were Everyone of Lviv`s historians knows were sure these advocates Bertold Stecher`s real-estate (villa Maly Vinyk, allod Podpresk and molendinum Schilzkikut) were nearby contemporary town Vynnyky and far from 13th -14th cc. town of Lviv and far one from another.Using both the method of the retrospective location of real estate and systematic-criterion approach allows to made hard conclusion, that originally, the Maria Snizhna church «laneus» was near the Stecher mill and this «laneus» had divided the Duke`s jurisdiction from the Stecher settlement. Villa Maly Vinyk have changed its name to «Zamarstyniv ». All these real-estate parts constituted the core of the town of the Magdeburg rule. Lviv`s downtown (town within walls) has the typical Middle Age’s spatial urban form, but some specific of it shows it was founded in the 13th century

Spatial Deployment of the Chinese Property Market (2010–2016)

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (03) ◽  
pp. 1950006
Author(s):  
ELFIE SWERTS
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Multinational Firms ◽  
Spatial Location ◽  
Real Estate Market ◽  
Property Market ◽  
Real Estate Investment ◽  
The Real Estate ◽  
Real Estate Sector ◽  
New Perspective

Real estate activities and companies in China have grown considerably since the major reforms of the late 1970s. This paper examines the spatial deployment of firms linked to the Chinese real estate market in Chinese cities in 2010, 2013 and 2016. It provides a first mapping of multinational firms specialized in the real estate sector. It describes the patterns of ownership networks built by financial links both between foreign multinational firms and Chinese firms and among multinational firms themselves. It therefore provides a new understanding about the penetration of both foreign direct investment (FDI) and Hong Kong’s role in the Chinese real estate market. This paper provides a comparison of the spatial location logics of these firms according to their Chinese or foreign origin and offers a new perspective on the geography of real estate investment by analyzing financial links between the Chinese and foreign cities involved.

scholarly journals Tax Risk Prediction of Real Estate Based on Convolutional Neural Network

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meilin Yin ◽  
Ning Luo
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Real Estate ◽  
Prediction Model ◽  
Convolutional Neural Network ◽  
Risk Prediction ◽  
Risk Identification ◽  
Risk Prediction Model ◽  
The Real Estate ◽  
The Times

Risk management is an important link in tax administration. From China’s taxation practice, risk identification has become the weakness of tax management. With the complexity of massive data and the secrecy of modern transactions, traditional tax risk identification can no longer adapt to the development of the times. In the past, most risk researches focused on the basic machine learning stage. There are gaps in the application of deep learning in tax risk management. Based on the tax risk management indicators, this paper took the real estate industry as an example. We used convolutional neural network (CNN) to construct a tax risk prediction model. The experiment shows that a tax risk prediction model based on CNN has higher accuracy in tax risk identification and has a stronger ability to process tax data. The model has a certain reference value for tax authorities to reduce tax risk and tax loss.

scholarly journals The Location (And Founding) of a Town of Poznań in Light of the Earliest Documents and Narrative Sources

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Józef Dobosz
Keyword(s):  
German Law ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
New Town ◽  
The Town

Abstract The paper addresses the issue of the origins of the town of Poznań founded in mid-13th century under German law. The birth of the charter town on the left bank of the Warta river is illustrated first and foremost by sources: documents from the mid-13th century, particularly a location charter of 1253, and narrative sources, e.g. The Wielkopolska Chronicle and yearly records written in Wielkopolska. The town was the work of Przemysł I, the duke of Wielkopolska, who sorted out property issues on the left bank of the Warta, made grants and granted privileges, erected his new castle next to the new town, and together with his brother Bolesław issued a location charter in 1253. The duke’s action resulted in the rise of one of the most important urban centers in medieval Poland.

scholarly journals Determining the Cadastral-tax Areas for the Real Estate Premises Based on the Model of Qualitative and Quantitative

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elžbieta Jasinska ◽  
Edward Preweda
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Spatial Location ◽  
Real Estate Market ◽  
Social Concern ◽  
Original Solution ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Real Estate ◽  
The Real Estate Market ◽  
Facet Surface ◽  
The City

The approach to the cadastral value of the property is an indicator of the development of the real estate market, and therefore there are still divisions between countries preferring addictive this value from the surface and from values. The article comments on regulatory presented in selected European Union countries and presents original solution for the determination and correction of the cadastral value of the property, which is the basis to determine the property tax. About the tax character of this value, the fact that the introduction of social concern. Based on Poland, more than twenty years there has been discussion on this subject, but without regulation, there is only a discuss about the concepts of the system. The first attempts spatial analysis in order to determine the cadastral-tax areas have not yielded sufficient results, which is why the authors decided to present original solution resulting from the combination of statistical methods inclusive quantitative traits (facet surface) and qualitative characteristics (standard flat) with the characteristics of spatial (location, neighbourhood), in to determine the cadastral value of the property to eventually create the zones in cadastral-tax-zones. As an example, the property from the city Bochnia were used. The paper sought optimal zoning, to minimize variations and create homogeneous collections, which are enclosed areas, so that the weightings were small. To do this, the property housing was selected, as constituting the highest percentage of items on the market.

scholarly journals POLISH REAL ESTATE FUNDS AND INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-53
Author(s):  
Iwona Foryś ◽  
Małgorzata Tarczyńska-Łuniewska
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Real Estate Market ◽  
Investment Funds ◽  
Macroeconomic Factors ◽  
Effect Analysis ◽  
The Real Estate ◽  
Real Estate Investments ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Times ◽  
The Impact

Funds investing in the Polish real estate market have been functioning since 2004, but they have lived through both the times of the 2006–2008 boom and the times of the 2009–2014 crisis. The first close-end funds were established in 2004 and were originally intended to close down after eight years. However, their results did not guarantee the return expected by investors. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the performance of the Polish investment funds operating on a young, ten-year-old market in the context of the experience of mature markets with a long history of funds investing in real estate. The paper presents the cause and effect analysis of the impact of macroeconomic factors on the funds’ results as well as of behavioral factors contributing to low interest in the real estate investments with the participation of Polish investment funds operating on the Polish real estate market.

Evaluation of the Possibilities to use the Photogrammetric Method to Determine the Course of Boundaries of Cadastral Parcels during the Modernization of the Cadastre

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Busko
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Real Estate ◽  
Task Performance ◽  
Project Development ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Real Estate ◽  
Performance Time ◽  
Photogrammetric Method ◽  
Modernization Process ◽  
The Times

In Poland, there are still many cadastral districts with the outdated database of the real estate cadastre. The situation which is particularly unfavorable occurs in southern Poland, on the territory of the former Austrian cadastre. This study presents a procedure for the comprehensive modernization of the real estate cadastre, carried out in numerous cadastral districts in the years 2014–2015, as part of the national project: Development of an Integrated Real Estate Information System. The modernization of the cadastre carried out in Gorlice district, province of Malopolska, served as an example to analyze the difficulties associated with the transformation of the analog materials and cadastral documents contained in the geodetic and cartographic documentation center database, often dating back to the times of the Austrian partition, into cadastral data in the electronic form, valuable in terms of accuracy and quality. The article presents the stages of determining the course of parcel boundaries, performed with the use of modern photogrammetric method. This method significantly accelerates the works related to the modernization, however, it is not flawless. Nevertheless, this is the method of the future, which definitely shortens the task performance time. The conclusions which were formulated therefrom can accelerate and streamline the modernization process of the cadastre using photogrammetric measurements to determine the course of boundaries of the cadastral parcels in the subsequent modernizations of the cadastre, as planned in Poland.

scholarly journals USING THE SYNERGY OF QFIELD FOR COLLECTING DATA ON-SITE AND QGIS FOR INTERACTIVE MAP CREATION BY ALKIS® DATA EXTRACTION AND IMPLEMENTATION IN POSTGRESQL FOR URBAN PLANNING PROCESSES

2020 ◽  
Vol XLIII-B4-2020 ◽  
pp. 679-683
Author(s):  
H. Ostadabbas ◽  
H. Weippert ◽  
F.-J. Behr
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Real Estate ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
German Law ◽  
Land Values ◽  
The Real Estate ◽  
Urban Renovation ◽  
Interactive Map

Abstract. The German law concerning Urban Development Promotion (Städtebauförderungsgesetz; StBauFG) is an important component of the Building Law (Baugesetzbuch). It enables municipalities to be financially supported by the federal and provincial governments for promoting urban development in downtown areas being in need of renovation, maintaining historical centers, or enhancing the value of socially imbalanced areas. Therefore, the law plays an important role for the economical, ecological, social and cultural status of cities. If an urban renovation area is formally declared the reconstruction measures taking place there lead to an upgrading of the real estate land values. The present work contributes on one side to the initial phase for the declaration of an urban renovation area and on the other side to the final phase comprising the legal accounting procedure. At first, the city planners must document the urban status concerning the structure and quality of buildings, vacancy rate for housing and industry, road condition and numerous other urban quality and structure deficits. To acquire these data, the open-source GIS plugin QField serves as an appropriate and easy to handle tool installed on a tablet for the urban planners to collect the necessary data on-site. The planners can then easily assign defined qualities and states of the objects on a map or edit and comment new objects and attributes. Through automatic updating of these data in the PostgreSQL-database, an interactive map in QGIS will then be automatically created in Python. For the last phase, the legal closure of a declared renovation area, our work supports the analysis and modelling of the relationships in the Authoritative Real Estate Cadastre Information System ALKIS® in order to identify the property owners being charged a so-called balance payment for the upgrading of the standard land values resulting from the applied renovation measures. The work shows the high potential of the ALKIS® data being processed with open-source software like PostgreSQL, QGIS, and QField towards a more effective urban planning.

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