scholarly journals The Location (And Founding) of a Town of Poznań in Light of the Earliest Documents and Narrative Sources

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Józef Dobosz
Keyword(s):  
German Law ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
New Town ◽  
The Town

Abstract The paper addresses the issue of the origins of the town of Poznań founded in mid-13th century under German law. The birth of the charter town on the left bank of the Warta river is illustrated first and foremost by sources: documents from the mid-13th century, particularly a location charter of 1253, and narrative sources, e.g. The Wielkopolska Chronicle and yearly records written in Wielkopolska. The town was the work of Przemysł I, the duke of Wielkopolska, who sorted out property issues on the left bank of the Warta, made grants and granted privileges, erected his new castle next to the new town, and together with his brother Bolesław issued a location charter in 1253. The duke’s action resulted in the rise of one of the most important urban centers in medieval Poland.

scholarly journals THE BEGINNINGS OF THE SPATIAL LOCATION OF LVIV IN THE LAST THIRD OF THE 13TH CENTURY

2019 ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
Maryana Dolynska
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
German Law ◽  
Spatial Location ◽  
Latin Text ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
The Real Estate ◽  
Similar Term ◽  
The Times ◽  
The Town

The researches during the last 20 years have shown that there were some spatial features of Magdeburg (city) rule in that time. Primarily the structure of the town was similar to other Central or Western European towns: a castle (castrum, burg, grad, dytynets) and an extensive settlement (podil), the latter having no fortifications and being where merchants and craftsmen lived. The initial formation of the city territory based on the principles of the spatial location of the cities of the German law started around the 70-th years of 13 century – the times of rule of duke Lev.No research this period the author has applied the methodology of recreating the historical topography based on the retrospective comparison of the prestatictical sources and applying it to the historical maps of the period. The primary Lviv space of the 13th century was based on the real-estate of the first Lviv «advocatus», Bertold Stecher, and the «laneus» area of Maria Snizhna Church. (Laneus – medieval measure of area, the similar term «mansus»). The 1368th manuscript explained the German family Stecher received land from Duke Lev without being subject to any rent. This real-estate consisted of three parts; the villa (a house in the countryside); allod (the land owned andnot subject to any rent); and the molendinum (mill).After the late 19th-century comment to Latin text insisted that all of these parts of real-estate were Everyone of Lviv`s historians knows were sure these advocates Bertold Stecher`s real-estate (villa Maly Vinyk, allod Podpresk and molendinum Schilzkikut) were nearby contemporary town Vynnyky and far from 13th -14th cc. town of Lviv and far one from another.Using both the method of the retrospective location of real estate and systematic-criterion approach allows to made hard conclusion, that originally, the Maria Snizhna church «laneus» was near the Stecher mill and this «laneus» had divided the Duke`s jurisdiction from the Stecher settlement. Villa Maly Vinyk have changed its name to «Zamarstyniv ». All these real-estate parts constituted the core of the town of the Magdeburg rule. Lviv`s downtown (town within walls) has the typical Middle Age’s spatial urban form, but some specific of it shows it was founded in the 13th century

scholarly journals Fort-Chimo, carrefour de l’est de l’Ungava

2005 ◽  
Vol 9 (17) ◽  
pp. 61-75
Author(s):  
Yves Cartier
Keyword(s):  
Left Bank ◽  
New Town ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
History Of ◽  
Wood Cutting ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Town ◽  
Present Site ◽  
American Army

Fort Chimo is located on the left bank of the Koksoak river 30 miles from Ungava Bay. The Koksoak was first discovered in 1811 by Kohlmeister and Kmoch, Moravian missionaries from Okak on the Labrador Coast. In 1831, two Hudsons Bay traders, Nicol Finlayson and Erland Erlandson, established the original Fort Chimo post on the right bank of the Koksoak river, six miles downstream from the present town. The post had a virtually continuous history of occupance from 1831 until very recently. In 1944, the American army established an air base on the Koksoak river at the present site of the town of Fort Chimo. A great number of the local Eskimos moved away from the old post and congregated about the air base. The Americans abandoned the base in 1948 but most of the Eskimos remained on the site. The new town of Fort Chimo is now located beside the air field and the old post bas been completely abandoned. Fort Chimo had a population of 490 Eskimos and 100-150 whites in 1963. The Eskimos are at grips with serious social and economic problems : poverty, un-employment, alcoholism, etc. However the establishment of a fishing and wood-cutting cooperative in 1961 augures well for the Eskimo community. With the exception of Schefferville, Fort Chimo is the most important centre of eastern Ungava. First a trading post, Fort Chimo now bas an important service and administration junction as well as being a major transportation centre. Fort Chimo can be reached both by air and sea from southern Québec, but most of its supplies arrive by boat.

scholarly journals ALYTAUS MIESTO ARCHITEKTŪRA PRIEŠKARIU

2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-111
Author(s):  
Algimantas Mačiulis
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Concrete Bridge ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Street Network ◽  
New Town ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Bridge ◽  
Historical Factors ◽  
Town Hospital ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Town

During a couple of hundred years, a mixed-plan system has been formed in Alytus: an irregular one in the old town and exact and rational in the new town parts, based on a regular street network, correct plan and spatial structure. Historical factors determined the town’s development: on the right bank of the Nemunas river the development was slow (Alytus I), and the center of the town, formed on the left bank of the Nemunas river (Alytus II), from the urban point of view, was the most valuable part of the town. The period 1930–1940 was extremely important for the town’s development: central areas were arranged, quite a number of public buildings were built (town hospital, tuberculosis sanatorium, town municipality, seminary, etc.), a reinforced concrete bridge over Nebulas. In 1935–1944 Vytautas Trečiokas, the chief architect and designing engineer of Alytus district, tried to make Alytus look like a holiday resort and designed a modern elementary school. Santrauka Straipsnyje aptariama Alytaus miesto architektūra prieškariu, istorinės aplinkybės, kai miestas, pradėjęs kurtis dešiniajame Nemuno krante, menkai plėtojosi (I-as Alytus), o miesto branduolys, jo centras susiformavo upės kairiajame krante (II-as Alytus). Prieškariu II-me Alytuje šalia senamiesčio kūrėsi nauji rajonai – Naujamiestis, Kurortas. 1930–1940 m. – Alytaus augimo dešimtmetis, miestas plėtėsi ir vystėsi kaip vasarvietė. Pažymėtina Alytaus apskrities ir miesto vyriausiojo inžinieriaus, architekto Vytauto Trečioko veikla, jo prieškariu projektuoti visuomeniniai ir privatūs gyvenamieji namai, tarp jų moderni Alytaus pradinė mokykla Nr. 4 Birutės g. 26.

scholarly journals Two “Identical” Freiburg Charters of 1275. Short Draft

2021 ◽  
pp. 56-67
Author(s):  
Pavel Blokhin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Historical Analysis ◽  
City Council ◽  
Political Struggle ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Trade Law ◽  
Comparative Historical Analysis ◽  
Criminal Procedure Law ◽  
The City ◽  
The Town

Introduction. In 1275, two drafts of town law of Freiburg im Breisgau were created. This article presents an analysis of one of these texts, namely the short draft. Methods and materials. The main research method is comparative historical analysis. The contents of two charters are compared, namely the 1218 Rodel draft and the short draft of 1275. Analysis. There are 6 thematic clusters uniting the laws by branches of law: 1) privileges of citizens and rights of the Town Lord; 2) criminal procedure law; 3) civil law; 4) town administration; 5) trade law; 6) various laws. The first part of the laws from the short draft is a translation of the Rodelian laws, the second one represents reformulated Rodelian norms, while the last one contains new laws in the legislation of Freiburg. Results. Though the document did not become an official town charter, it manifested the changes in the town law of the 13th century, compared to the previous 1218 Town Charter. In addition, the laws in the draft reflected the political struggle for power between the Town Lord of Freiburg, the City Council of 24 and the town community. The Town Lord regained his previously lost rights, in particular the legislative initiative. However, at the same time, the short draft significantly limited Lord’s arbitrariness towards the property of citizens as well as Freiburg citizens themselves. According to the short draft, the City Council of 24 strengthened and expanded its power in the town, becoming a full-fledged legislative and executive body of the town administration. The town community, on the other hand, was losing its privileges and rights, for example, it lost the opportunity to elect some of the civil servants and members of the Council of 24.

scholarly journals Reconstruction of the morphology and hydrography of the centre of Kraków before the mid-13th century

2020 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Łajczak ◽  
Roksana Zarychta
Keyword(s):  
Cross Validation ◽  
Published Data ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Geomorphological Map ◽  
Historic Centre ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Elevation Model ◽  
The Town ◽  
Surfer Software

The paper concerns investigations on urban geomorphology. The subject of the paper is the historic centre of Kraków (or Cracow) where the pre-human relief became masked due to the rapid increase in cultural deposits from the mid-13th century onwards. The aim of the investigation is the reconstruction of the original topography, relief and hydrography of this area based on rich sources of materials in papers and non-published data on geology, geoengineering, archaeology, history, and also on maps and panoramic drawings of the town. A digital elevation model has been generated, which showed the topography of the study area in the period before the mid-13th century. Structural analysis, cross validation test and estimation by ordinary kriging method were carried out. The final cartographic work was prepared with the use of QGIS and Surfer software. The distribution of landforms in the study area in the mid-13th century is presented as a proposed variant of the geomorphological map prepared by the authors. The former relief was evaluated in terms of its potential for encouraging settlement.

scholarly journals Analysis success factors of the new cities establishment (case study: Pardisan town)

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (04) ◽  
pp. 1231-1242
Author(s):  
Narjes Ghaempanah ◽  
Mohammad-Taghi Rahnamaei
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Success Factors ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Urban District ◽  
New Town ◽  
New Towns ◽  
The Town ◽  
Topsis Model

New towns and cities are proposed as the places for absorbing the population overflow and limiting the population growth in metropolises. In Iran, these towns and cities are built very close to the metropolises, and gradually, they are being used only as dormitories. The new town of Pardisan is built 13 kilometers southwest of Qom as the largest new town of the urban district of Qom in order to organize the residence system and absorb the population overflow of the metropolis of Qom and reduce its problems. This paper studies the function of the Pardisan new town as the absorber of the population overflow of Qom and also the residents’ satisfaction with this town. The research method adopted by this study is based on the library, documentary, and field data, and also interviews and collection of data by questionnaires and TOPSIS model. The results of this research indicate that many of the families living in the Pardisan town constitute the population overflow of the metropolis of Qom; Among the most important reasons for the migration of families to the Pardisan town is the low cost of land and residence, and 4.67 percent of the residents do not like to live in this town. This unsuccess is mostly due to lack of job and activity in this town, and therefore, the residents are less satisfied with the town.

New evidence on the so-called Caravanserai of Koneurgench

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 356-366
Author(s):  
M. Mamedov ◽  
◽  
E. Muradova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
13Th Century ◽  
Archaeological Investigation ◽  
14Th Century ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
The Town

This paper presents preliminary results of the archaeological investigation of the so-called Caravanserai of Koneurgench. The beginning of its construction is dated to the boundary between the 12th and 13th century. Having been severely damaged in the course of the Mongolian invasion it was reconstructed in the first third of the 14th century and finally destroyed during the devastation of the town by Timur in 1388. The question about the purpose of this building is not definitely solved but, in terms of typology, it is similar to the multi-column jumah mosque or a mosque with a courtyard layout.

Issues of Large-scale Dam Resettlement and Rehabilitation: Case of Bilaspur, Himachal Pradesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 848-868
Author(s):  
Aseem Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
New Town ◽  
The Past ◽  
Power Stations ◽  
The Town ◽  
Recent Policy ◽  
Large Scale Project ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
Housing Programme

Large chunks of land have been acquired in different parts of India for large-scale infrastructure projects, such as dams, power stations, etc., in the past. The Bhakra Dam project, being one such large-scale project executed immediately after the Independence, displaced thousands of families without having any proper rehabilitation mechanism in place. The old Bilaspur town (OBT) was part of land acquired for construction of the reservoir for Bhakra Dam, known as Gobind Sagar Lake. The new Bilaspur township was established to rehabilitate families originally living in the OBT. Presently, second or third generation of these families are living on these allotted plots in the new town. This article is an attempt to unfold the flaws in the undertaken rehabilitation policy which has led to unplanned and haphazard development in the town as well as created problems for both oustees and public authorities. These problems continue to persist in present times also, thereby limiting the citizens to avail benefits of the recent policy for regularisation of encroachments and the newly launched housing programme—Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana.

Pandharpur and Vitthal

Hinduism ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Reenberg Sand
Keyword(s):  
The South ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
The Real ◽  
12Th Century ◽  
Actual Person ◽  
Chief Minister ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
Local Tradition ◽  
The Town

Pandharpur, with its main deity, Viṭṭhala (hereafter Vitthal), alias Viṭhobā or Pāṇḍuraṅga, is the most popular pilgrimage site in Maharashtra. Every year it is visited by hundreds of thousands of pilgrims, first of all in connection with the Āṣāḍha and Kārttika festivals of the Vārakarī (hereafter Varkari) Sampradāya. Vitthal is a manifestation of Viṣṇu in his Krishna incarnation (avatāra). According to local tradition Vitthal arrived in Pandharpur attracted by the filial devotion of the seer Puṇḍalīka, or, according to another, later tradition, while looking for his wife Rukmiṇī. Since then he has established himself there for the favor of his devotees while Puṇḍalīka is considered to be the founder of the devotional cult known as Varkaris. The real explanation of Vitthal’s arrival in Pandharpur is another matter. Although many scholars have taken the myth about Puṇḍalīka to reflect a story about an actual person credited with bringing the worship of Vitthal to Pandharpur, some modern scholars believe that the myth is inspired by Purāṇic traditions legitimizing the establishment of Śaiva liṅgas. In fact, the idol of the Puṇḍalīka samādhi, one of the oldest temples in Pandharpur, contains a Śiva-liṅga. This, taken together with the fact that some of the oldest temples in the town are devoted to Śiva, suggests that Pandharpur was originally a Śaiva place that was later Vaiṣṇavized with the introduction of Vitthal, who may have been of pastoral origin and come from Karnataka to the south. When exactly this Vaiṣṇavization took place is not sure but it seems to have more or less coincided with the earliest historical inscription mentioning Pandharpur and Vitthal dating from the end of the 12th century when a temple of Vitthal was founded. At the end of the 13th century the cult was attracting support from the northern Marathi-speaking area when it was probably visited by the Yadava king Rāmacandra and his chief minister Hemādri as well as by Jñāneśvara, the “founder” of the Varkari Sampradāya. Literary sources for the study of Pandharpur either belong to the devotional Varkari tradition and are in the vernacular Marathi or they belong to the local Brahmanic tradition in the form of Sanskrit māhātmyas. Since the latter have either been unedited or are difficult to access, a characteristic of the research on Pandharpur until the 1980s is that it has mainly been based on literature in the Marathi language.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document