scholarly journals Aсtive electro-optical system of targets detection with dynamic spectral processing of optical radiation

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (02) ◽  
pp. 218-226
Author(s):  
L.F. Kupchenko ◽  
◽  
V.D. Karlov ◽  
A.S. Rybiak ◽  
О.А. Goorin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical System ◽  
Optical Radiation ◽  
Block Diagram ◽  
Imaging Spectroscopy ◽  
Optical Signal ◽  
Optical Systems ◽  
Spectral Processing ◽  
Mathematical Operation ◽  
Radiation Fields ◽  
Laser Vision

The issues discussed in this paper provide for further development of studies in the sphere of imaging spectroscopy and laser vision. In terms of forming the information fields (radiation fields), the electro-optical systems are subdivided into the passive and active ones. Passive electro-optical systems use the information fields formed by natural radiation sources, whereas the active ones suggest using artificial sources. Comparative analysis of mathematical and physical issues of designing the electro-optical systems with dynamic spectral processing of optical radiation of the passive and active types has been performed. It has been shown that the controlled dynamic spectral processing of optical radiation can be implemented within the passive and active electro-optical systems on the basis of the same algorithm that represents operation of the optical processor performing the mathematical operation of dot product. The authors have developed the block diagram of an active electro-optical system with dynamic spectral processing. The algorithm for optimal detection of optical signals has been developed using basics of the signal detection theory. Mathematical modeling of target detection against an inhomogeneous background has been performed. It has been shown that the optimal dynamic spectral processing of optical radiation in active electro-optical system enables to separate the desired optical signal by suppressing the background signal.

scholarly journals Generalized algorithm for finding the catacaustics of an optical system

2020 ◽  
pp. 40-48
Author(s):  
Evgenii Vladimirovich Lyubchinov
Keyword(s):  
Optical System ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Optical Radiation ◽  
Optical Systems ◽  
Direct Light ◽  
Geometric Objects ◽  
Design Systems ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
Applied Fields ◽  
Scattered Beam

The author of the work has proposed an algorithm for determining catacaustics in a “source-reflector” optical system on a plane. Katakaustika is called the envelope of reflected rays from a given curve and the study of catacaustics in the design of optical systems is one of the main tasks. The paper gives examples of solving this problem and presents the corresponding visualization. Particular attention is paid to problems where the source and reflector are curved, because these tasks in the scientific literature have not been previously considered. The presented algorithm is based on the cyclographic projection of the spatial curve of the line and its optical property. It is versatile and suitable for all tasks where the source of optical radiation is given in the form of a central (point), parallel or scattered beam of direct (light rays). The main advantage of the algorithm is that in the end it turns out analytical, i.e. exact solution to the problem of determining catacaustics. The results of the study can be used in applied fields of geometric optics, as well as in various computer-aided design systems specializing in modeling lighting of geometric objects.

scholarly journals Increase the contrast of the image of objects in the active optoelectronic system with dynamic spectral processing of optical emitting

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (59) ◽  
pp. 122-126
Author(s):  
O. Cherkashyna
Keyword(s):  
Light Emission ◽  
Block Diagram ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Spectral Characteristics ◽  
Optical Signal ◽  
Matched Filtering ◽  
A Priori Information ◽  
Spectral Processing ◽  
Optoelectronic System ◽  
Priori Information

The article discusses a method for increasing the contrast of images in an optoelectronic system based on active dynamic spectral matched filtering. The principles of constructing active optoelectronic systems with matched filtering are based on the fact that the optical system uses a set of amplitude-controlled radiation sources operating in different parts of the spectral range as emitting sources. It is essential that the energy composition of the light emission control signals is formed on the basis of a priori information about the characteristics of the target and the background, so as to reduce the value of the spectral components of the optical signal reflected from the surface belongs to the background and with minimal attenuation of the signal intensity belonging to the object. The method assumes the presence of a set of a priori information about the spectral characteristics of the background and the object to form the instrumental function for controlling the amplitude of emitting sources. The analysis of the mathematical and physical aspects of systems with dynamic spectral processing of active type optical emitting is made. It is shown that an active optoelectronic system with dynamic spectral processing can be considered as an analog processor for calculating the dot product of a vector by a vector. One of the factors is the reflection coefficient from a surface with a priori known characteristics, and the second is a dimmable multispectral signal. A block diagram of an optoelectronic system with dynamic spectral processing of optical emitting with active formation of the information field in order to increase the contrast of the object image has been developed. The goal of the article is to develop the mathematical and physical foundations for constructing an active optoelectronic system with dynamic spectral processing of optical emitting in order to increase the image contrast.

Star Simulator Base on Multiple LEDs, Optical Fiber and Integral Sphere

2014 ◽  
Vol 672-674 ◽  
pp. 2048-2051
Author(s):  
Xin Ji Gan ◽  
Yan Chen
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Optical System ◽  
Block Diagram ◽  
Compact Star ◽  
Luminous Flux ◽  
Optical Systems ◽  
Pwm Control ◽  
System Configuration ◽  
Flux Calculation

In order to design a compact star simulator based on multiple LEDs, optical fibers, an integral sphere and tiny collimated optical systems are employed in the system. Firstly the system configuration block diagram of the star simulator is given in this paper. Then the luminous flux calculation of LED is calculated based on the optical system. Finally the principle of PWM control of LED is illustrated. The analysis shows that the simulated precision of star magnitude can achieve ±0.1m.

Atomic Resolution in Crystal Aperture Stem

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 236-237
Author(s):  
J T Fourie
Keyword(s):  
Optical System ◽  
Spherical Aberration ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Transmission Function ◽  
Optical Systems ◽  
Bragg Angle ◽  
Electron Optical System ◽  
Intimate Contact ◽  
Diffraction Effects ◽  
Design Aspect

The attempts at improvement of electron optical systems to date, have largely been directed towards the design aspect of magnetic lenses and towards the establishment of ideal lens combinations. In the present work the emphasis has been placed on the utilization of a unique three-dimensional crystal objective aperture within a standard electron optical system with the aim to reduce the spherical aberration without introducing diffraction effects. A brief summary of this work together with a description of results obtained recently, will be given.The concept of utilizing a crystal as aperture in an electron optical system was introduced by Fourie who employed a {111} crystal foil as a collector aperture, by mounting the sample directly on top of the foil and in intimate contact with the foil. In the present work the sample was mounted on the bottom of the foil so that the crystal would function as an objective or probe forming aperture. The transmission function of such a crystal aperture depends on the thickness, t, and the orientation of the foil. The expression for calculating the transmission function was derived by Hashimoto, Howie and Whelan on the basis of the electron equivalent of the Borrmann anomalous absorption effect in crystals. In Fig. 1 the functions for a g220 diffraction vector and t = 0.53 and 1.0 μm are shown. Here n= Θ‒ΘB, where Θ is the angle between the incident ray and the (hkl) planes, and ΘB is the Bragg angle.

scholarly journals Active Optical Signal Conditioning and Monitoring System

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalipada Chatterjee ◽  
Subrat Sahu ◽  
Venugopal Arumuru ◽  
Rajan jha
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Optical Signal ◽  
Wide Frequency Range ◽  
Optical Systems ◽  
Signal Conditioning ◽  
Time Modulation ◽  
Response Enhancement ◽  
Signal Monitoring ◽  
External Stimuli

Abstract An optical signal conditioning technique for dynamic modulation of signals and real-time monitoring of events is pivotal for developing various optical systems at micro/nano dimensions. The utilities of such technique include controllable signal enhancement and distinctive response towards external stimuli, with reconfigurable operational range. Here, we propose and demonstrate an optical technique based on the parallel integration of fiber modal interferometers for optical response enhancement and multi-signal monitoring. Overlap of the interferometers’ characteristic spectra facilitates controllable signal filtering, attenuation, and amplification of interferometer’s response towards dynamic field over wide frequency range of 1 Hz – 1 kHz. Signal to noise ratio (SNR) enhancement of 9 dB is achieved by applying 1 volt about the reference interferometer. The system enables real-time modulation of optical signals and multipoint signal monitoring using machine learning for various applications such as mechanical vibrations, acoustic fields, biological samples, fluid movement, and other similar dynamic fields.

Phase Sensing Technology Based Optical Signal Regeneration for 40 Gb/s Optical System

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhagwan Das ◽  
M. Sadiq Ali Khan ◽  
Muhammad Mujtaba Shaikh ◽  
Mohammad Faiz Liew Abdullah ◽  
D. M. A. Hussain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical System ◽  
Optical Signal ◽  
Signal Regeneration ◽  
Sensing Technology

Image Distortion, between Unwanted Geometric Aberration and the Tool Used to Improve Observation Equipment Performance

2014 ◽  
Vol 555 ◽  
pp. 751-758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolae Guzulescu ◽  
Cornel Todirică ◽  
Daniel Lăpădat
Keyword(s):  
Optical System ◽  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Optical Measurement ◽  
Image Distortion ◽  
Field Of View ◽  
Optical Systems ◽  
Object Appearance ◽  
And Control ◽  
Measurement And Control ◽  
Equipment Performance

An distortion aberration free optical system forms an orthoscopic image mean that is similar to original object, undeformed. Naturally imply that most optical systems are designed so that the image distortion is minimal, not to cause inconvenience to the user about either the object appearance – when it comes to a camera or camcorder, or the deformities that may cause measurement errors – when it comes to optical measurement and control equipment. However there are situations when distortion is desired to improve some performances of the observation optical system. In this article we present how distortion is used to increase the field of view, and also how distortion is used to optimize the field of view – resolution compromise.

scholarly journals Development of an Optical Signal-Based IPS from an MCU-SoC

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Borja Rubiano-Muriel ◽  
José Luis Lázaro-Galilea ◽  
Alfredo Gardel-Vicente ◽  
Álvaro De-La-Llana-Calvo ◽  
Ignacio Bravo-Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Digital Filtering ◽  
Optical Signal ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Signal Acquisition ◽  
Spectral Processing ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Multi Access ◽  
Signal Acquisition And Processing ◽  
Microcontroller Unit ◽  
Access Discrimination

In this work, we have studied the integration of an optical signal-based Indoor Positioning System (IPS) capable of supporting multi-access discrimination techniques. The research analyzes the different techniques and conditions that can be used to develop an IPS using a microcontroller unit (MCU)-based system-on-chip (SoC) systems. The main goal is to be able to integrate into the MCU both the hardware and software requirements for an IPS detector. In this way, different strategies that can implement multi-access discrimination using Frequency-division multiple access (FDMA) have been tested, such as I/Q demodulation, digital filtering, and discrete Fourier transform (DFT). This analysis has found a good technique to be executed in an MCU-based SoC, the DFT implemented through the Goertzel’s algorithm. The empirical tests carried out concluded that, using only one an MCU with the required HW and tuned SW, 15 position measurements per second were computed, with high accuracy in the 3-D positioning, with errors of less than 1 cm in a test area of 3.5 × 3.5 m 2 . The main contribution of the paper is the implementation of the optical signal based IPS in an MCU-SoC that includes signal acquisition and processing. The digital filtering or spectral processing for up to 16 received signals makes this IPS system very attractive from a design and cost point of view.

A plasma-optical System modelled using particles

1987 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. N. G. Hitchon
Keyword(s):  
Optical System ◽  
Particle Method ◽  
Optical Systems ◽  
Particle Model ◽  
Integration Step ◽  
Electron Motion ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
Neutral Particles ◽  
Rf Discharges ◽  
Background Gas

A ‘particle’ model of plasma behaviour, suitable for application to the study of plasma-optical Systems, has been developed. A plasma-optical System which removes macroscopic droplets from a neutralized beam of ions and electrons, produced by an arc, has been modelled and its performance has been analysed. The particle model employs an extremely efficient treatment of the electron motion through a background gas, which in this case consists of neutral particles. The distribution of distances travelled by electrons in the course of many collisions with the neutral background is generated using a Monte Carlo method and samples from the distribution are used to determine the electron motion at each integration step. In sheath regions, for instance, direct integration is still necessary, but for most electrons the simulation is very fast, largely removing the numerical ‘stiffness’ of the particle method. This method will be equally effective for time-dependent fields such as occur in RF discharges used in ‘plasma processing’. The variation in ion current to a substrate, where the ions deposit as a thin film, has been studied. The objective is to maximize the deposition rate whilst preventing macroscopic particles which arise at the are from striking the film. An alternative System whose calculated transmittal rate from source to target is higher, for long mean-free-paths, is also examined.

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