scholarly journals Muroid rodents of the natural landmark “Chervone” (Dnister Canyon): specifics of species composition and community structure

2021 ◽  
Vol 2020 (20) ◽  
pp. 67-72
Author(s):  
Olga Shtyk ◽  
◽  
Zvenyslava Mamchur ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Myodes Glareolus ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Microtus Arvalis ◽  
Apodemus Agrarius ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Muroid Rodents ◽  
Nature Park ◽  
Number Of Individuals ◽  
Micromys Minutus

We conducted an analysis of populations of muroid rodents of the Dnister Canyon National Nature Park on the example of the natural landmark “Chervone.” For the investigation of the muroid rodents, we applied the trap-line method using factory-made live traps. According to methodology, the traps were located within a homogeneous habitat and four different sites were studies. Field data collected during 2017 and 2018 (summer and autumn cenuses) in four different habitats were analysed. The species composition of muroid rodents was investigated in four different biotopes (habitats) near the Dzurynskiy waterfall: hornbeam forest, pine forest, floodplain of the Dzuryn river, and pasture. The studied habitats were identified according to the National Habitat Catalogue of Ukraine. During the research, 75 specimens of muroid rodents were caught in 800 trap-nights. We recorded six species of muroid rodents: Sylvaemus tauricus L., Sylvaemus sylvaticus L., Apodemus agrarius Pallas, Micromys minutus L., Myodes glareolus Schreber, and Microtus arvalis Pallas. The most numerous species was Sylvaemus tauricus — 23 individuals (31 %). The quantity of other species was as follows: Apodemus agrarius (28 %), Sylvaemus sylvaticus (17 %), Myodes glareolus (16 %), Microtus arvalis (7 %), and Micromys minutus (1 %). The abundance of rodents was lower during the summer period compared to autumn, which can be related to the anthropogenic pressure on the investigated area. In addition, we investigated the sex and age structure of muroid rodent populations. We discovered that 45 individuals out of 75 were males and 35 were females. Additionally, 63 individuals were adults (Ad.) and 12 were juveniles (juv.). To summarise the received data, we calculated the number of individuals per 100 trap-nights. The abundance of individuals fluctuated from near 3 ind./100 t.-n. (Sylvaemus tauricus) to 0.125 ind./100 t.-n. (Micromys minutus). The relatively low species diversity of muroid rodents in the Dnister Canyon National Nature Park could be the result of small areas of insular habitats (separated territories with relatively similar landscape) and strong fragmentation of the researched area.

scholarly journals Species composition of small mammals in key biotopes near Kolomak (Kharkiv Oblast)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2020 (20) ◽  
pp. 29-38
Author(s):  
Oksana Markovska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Small Mammals ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Mus Musculus ◽  
Sorex Araneus ◽  
Myodes Glareolus ◽  
Oak Forest ◽  
Apodemus Agrarius ◽  
Micromys Minutus

The study of the species composition and biotope preferences of small mammals around Kolomak had been carried out for four years (2017–2020). During the study period, 9 species of mouse-like rodents and 3 species of insectivores were found. No Cricetulus migratorius, Terricola subterraneus or Microtus oeconomus were found from the theoretically expected species already known for this area. Around Kolomak, 11 biotopes were investigated, including maple-linden oak forest, agrocenoses, dry and flooded meadows, which are located along the banks of a pond and in a gully-ravine system. The first year of research was in a year of high abundance (2017), and then 9 species were immediately discovered, but species with small abundance, such as Crocidura suaveolens, Sorex minutus, and Micromys minutus, were found in years with a small relative abundance of small mammals. Myodes glareolus, Sylvaemus tauricus and Sylvaemus uralensis are dominant species in the captures. According to the trapping results, 2017 was the year of high relative abundance of small mammals, 2018 was the year of the lowest relative abundance, 2019 and 2020 were years with an average relative abundance. During the study period, 6 species were identified in forest biotopes (Apodemus agrarius, Sylvaemus tauricus, Sylvaemus uralensis, Myodes glareolus, Sorex araneus, and Dryomys nitedula). In ecotones with floodplain biotopes, 8 species were found (Apodemus agrarius, Sylvaemus sylvaticus, Sylvaemus uralensis, Mus musculus, Micromys minutus, Myodes glareolus, and Sorex araneus). Four species (Mus musculus, Sylvaemus sylvaticus, Sylvaemus uralensis, and Microtus levis) were discovered near human settlements. In general, biotopes with the greatest species diversity and number of caught individuals are ecotones of dry and floodplain meadows. In years of high abundance, both species diversity and the number of individuals caught in the oak forest and in ecotones near the pond increased. It should be noted that Myodes glareolus was caught in clear-cuts during the two years (2019-2020) only in the summer of 2020. Earlier, not a single specimen of this species was caught there, although there is a dense weed grass cover in this area and the shrub layer has also grown up in some places, and the clear-cut is surrounded by oak forest.

scholarly journals Prevalencija bakterije Francisella tularensis u populaciji sitnih sisavaca u kontinentalnim šumama Hrvatske

2018 ◽  
Vol 142 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 485-486
Author(s):  
Mirna Mihelčić ◽  
Marko Vucelja ◽  
Marina Šantić ◽  
Josip Margaletić ◽  
Nenad Turk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Francisella Tularensis ◽  
Apodemus Sylvaticus ◽  
Sorex Araneus ◽  
Myodes Glareolus ◽  
Apodemus Flavicollis ◽  
Microtus Arvalis ◽  
Apodemus Agrarius ◽  
Qrt Pcr

Francisella tularensisis uzročnik je zoonoze tularemije, koja ima široki raspon domaćina, uključujući člankonošce, sisavce i ptice. Dvije podvrste F. tularensis, subsp. tularensis (Tip A) i subsp. holartica (Tip B), opisane su kao najčešći uzročnici bolesti u ljudi (Kingry and Petersen, 2014; Kuehn et al., 2013). Tip A i Tip B razlikuju se po svojim biokemijskim značajkama, patogenosti, ekologiji, epidemiologiji te geografskoj rasprostranjenosti. Rasprostranjenost Tipa A uglavnom je ograničena na sjevernoamerički kontinent, za razliku od Tipa B, koji se javlja duž cijele sjeverne polutke, a ujedno je i najčešći uzročnik tularemije u Europi(Keim et al., 2007; Kuehn et al., 2013). No ekologija i kruženje ove bakterije u prirodi do danas još nisu u potpunosti razjašnjeni. Različiti glodavci (voluharice, miševi, tekunice, bizantski štakori, dabrovi) te dvojezupci (kunić i zec) opisani su kao mogući rezervoari F.tularensis. Zadnja epidemiološka i epizootiološka istraživanja tularemije u Hrvatskoj datiraju iz šezdesetih i sedamdesetih godina prošloga stoljeća(Borcić et al., 1975). Stoga je cilj ovoga rada bio prikupiti nove podatke o prevalenciji tularemije u populaciji sitnih sisavaca u Hrvatskoj. Ukupno 444 uzoraka sitnih glodavaca i kukcojeda sakupljeno je u razdoblju od dvije godine na osam različitih lokaliteta u šumama kontinentalne Hrvatske: Lipovljani, Nova Subocka, Velika Gorica, Stara Gradiška, Županja, Sunja, Koprivnica i Čakovec (Slika 1). Pretraženi su uzorci slezene od: 197 Apodemus agrarius (poljski miš), 78 Apodemus sylvaticus (šumski miš), 92 Apodemus flavicollis (žutogrli miš), 17 Myodes glareolus (šumska voluharica), 27 Mycrotus agrestis (livadna voluharica), 20 Microtus arvalis (poljska voluharica) te 13 Sorex araneus (rovka). Uzorcisu pretraženi na prisutnost DNA Francisella spp. koristeći qRT-PCR metodu. Dobiveni rezultati pokazuju da su od ukupno 444 prikupljene životinje tri uzorka (0.67%), od kojih dva poljska miša te jedan šumski miš, bili pozitivni su na francizelu (Tablica 1). Sva tri pozitivna uzorka prikupljena su na istom području – lokalitetu Lipovljani. Tularemija je bolest koja se primarno povezuje s „nizinskim“ i „vodenim“ ekosustavima (Borcić, 1973). Područje duž toka rijeke Save (Posavina) opisuje se kao prirodno žarište tularemije u Hrvatskoj (Borcic et al., 1976), akao glavni rezervoar tularemije na tom području navodi se poljska voluharica (Borcic et al., 1976). Trimiša pozitivna na F. tularensis upućuju da je ova bakterija i dalje prisutna u populaciji sitnih glodavaca u Hrvatskoj. Nadalje, svi pozitivni uzorci prikupljeni su na lokalitetu Lipovljani, smještenom u srednjem dijelu toka rijeke Save, stoga ova regija zadržava obilježje prirodnog žarišta tularemije u Hrvatskoj.

scholarly journals Data on the distribution of Hystrichopsylla orientalis fleas (Siphonaptera) in Lithuania

Biologija ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Indrė Lipatova
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Sorex Araneus ◽  
Myodes Glareolus ◽  
Apodemus Flavicollis ◽  
Microtus Arvalis ◽  
Glis Glis ◽  
Microtus Oeconomus ◽  
Neomys Fodiens ◽  
Micromys Minutus

The aim of this study was to present data on the distribution of Hystrichopsylla fleas collected from different animals in Lithuania. The study was done by analyzing collections of fleas from 2011 to 2017. A total of 96 fleas of the genus Hystrichopsylla were collected from nine mammalian species (Apodemus flavicollis, Apodemus agrarius, Micromys minutus, Myodes glareolus, Microtus oeconomus, Microtus arvalis, Sorex araneus, Neomys fodiens, and Glis glis). Morphological analysis showed that all fleas were of the species Hystrichopsylla orientalis Smit, 1956.

scholarly journals Adaptive patterns and processes in mammalian arboreality

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Νικόλαος-Ευάγγελος Καραντάνης
Keyword(s):  
Myodes Glareolus ◽  
Apodemus Flavicollis ◽  
Glis Glis ◽  
Apodemus Agrarius ◽  
Patterns And Processes ◽  
Micromys Minutus ◽  
Muscardinus Avellanarius

Το ενδιαίτημα των δέντρων είναι ένα περίπλοκο πλέγμα κορμών, κλαδιών και φυλλώματος, τα οποία καθιστούν την κίνηση και μετακίνηση απαιτητικές. Όμως, τα θηλαστικά έχουν καταφέρει να ανταπεξέλθουν στην πολυπλοκότητά του. Κατά την κίνηση επί των κλαδιών, η αναγκαιότητα για ασφάλεια και σταθερότητα εντείνεται. Επιπρόσθετα, καθώς τα πρώιμα ευθήρια θηλαστικά επιδεικνύουν μετακρανιακό σκελετό που σχετίζεται με τη διαβίωση στα δέντρα, είναι σημαντικό να μελετήσουμε τους συμπεριφορικούς μηχανισμούς που σχετίζονται με την αποδοτική δενδρόβια κίνηση. Ωστόσο, υπάρχει μία γενική έλλειψη ερευνών σε άλλα θηλαστικά και ιδιαίτερα τα πιο μικρόσωμα. Η παρούσα έρευνα χρησιμοποιεί μία πειραματική προσέγγιση προσομοιωμένων δενδρικών συνθηκών, επιχειρώντας να απομονώσει παραμέτρους των υποστρωμάτων και να συγκρίνει το πώς διαφορετικά μικρά θηλαστικά τροποποιούν τον βηματισμό τους για την δενδρόβια κίνηση. Για τους σκοπούς της παρούσας διατριβής εξετάσαμε οκτώ μικρόσωμα θηλαστικά: Acrobates pygmaeus(~12 g), Micromys minutus (~10 g), Apodemus agrarius (~20 g), Apodemus flavicollis (~30 g), Thallomys paedulcus (~70 g), Myodes glareolus (~20 g), Muscardinus avellanarius (~20 g), Glis glis (~130 g). Όλα κινηματογραφήθηκαν επί διαφορετικών διαμετρών υποστρωμάτων (2mm, 5mm, 10mm, 25mm) και κλίσεων (κάθοδος 45°, οριζόντιο, άνοδος 45°) στα 240 καρέ ανά δευτερόλεπτο σε ειδικά σχεδιασμένο τερράριο. Οι αναλύσεις μας αφορούσαν βασικές παραμέτρους βάδισης, όπως η διαγωνιότητα, ο παράγοντας φόρτου, ο δείκτης παράγοντα φόρτου, η ταχύτητα, το μήκος διασκελισμού και η συχνότητα διασκελισμού. Τα περισσότερα από τα εξεταζόμενα μικρά αναρριχητικά θηλαστικά επέλεξαν βάδιση πλευρικής-αλληλουχίας κατά την δενδρόβια κίνηση. Το Acrobates pygmaeus ήταν μια αξιοσημείωτη εξαίρεση, επιδεικνύοντας βάδιση διαγώνιας-αλληλουχίας, σε σύγκλιση με τα πρωτεύοντα. Τα περισσότερα μικρά θηλαστικά μείωσαν την διαγωνιότητα, τις σχετικές φάσεις αιώρησης των άκρων, και την ταχύτητα στα λεπτότερα υποστρώματα, προς αύξηση της σταθερότητας και απρόσκοπτης πλοήγησης. Σε πλατύτερα υποστρώματα, τα περισσότερα μικρά θηλαστικά αύξησαν σημαντικά την ταχύτητα και τις σχετικές φάσεις αιώρησης, και την χρήση ασύμμετρης βάδισης, με σκοπό ταχείες κινήσεις, αποφυγή εμποδίων και ενεργειακή βελτιστοποίηση, και πιθανώς μείωση έκθεσης στους θηρευτές. Η επίδραση της κλίσης στις παραμέτρους βάδισης ήταν πολύ ανόμοια ανάμεσα στα εξεταζόμενα είδη, υπονοώντας ότι πιθανώς να υπάρχει κάποια ενδογενής περιπλοκότητα, και διάφοροι μηχανισμοί οι οποίοι να επιδρούν σε αυτή. Σε σχέση με την ρύθμιση της ταχύτητας, σχεδόν όλα τα μικρά θηλαστικά αύξησαν την ταχύτητα κυρίως μέσω της συχνότητας διασκελισμού, παρά μέσω του μήκους διασκελισμού, το οποίο επίσης προωθεί την δενδρόβια ασφάλεια, μειώνοντας τις σωματικές ταλαντώσεις. Επιπροσθέτως, κάποιες από τις εξεταζόμενες παραμέτρους, όπως ο παράγοντας φόρτου και η συχνότητα διασκελισμού, προέβλεψαν με συνέπεια τον βαθμό δενδροδιαβίωσης. Εν κατακλείδι, παρά κάποιες περιορισμένες ανομοιότητες, τα μικρά δενδρόβια και αναρριχητικά θηλαστικά επιδεικνύουν συμπεριφορές που εν τέλει συνεισφέρουν στην επιτυχημένη εκμετάλλευση του ενδιαιτήματος των δέντρων. Το σωματικό μέγεθος και οι μορφολογικές ομοιότητες μεταξύ σύγχρονων δενδρόβιων/αναρριχώμενων μικρών θηλαστικών και των πρώιμων προγόνων των ευθηρίων (π.χ. Eomaia kai Juramaia) υπονοούν ότι αυτές οι πρώιμες μορφές θα συμπεριφέρονταν με παρόμοιους τρόπους, επιδεικνύοντας βάδιση πλευρικής-αλληλουχίας, σχετικά υψηλούς παράγοντες φόρτου, και αύξηση της ταχύτητας με αύξηση της συχνότητας διασκελισμού. Αυτές οι προσαρμογές, οι οποίες θα βοηθούσαν στην αποδοτική χρήση τόσο εδαφικών όσο και δενδρικών υποστρωμάτων, πολύ πιθανόν να συνεισέφεραν στην επιτυχή επικράτησή τους και στην ακόλουθη ακτινωτή διαπορά τους.

scholarly journals Vegetation cover and microtine rodents spatial distribution under conditions of Nizhny Novgorod oakwood

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-25
Author(s):  
Elena E. Boryakova
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Small Mammals ◽  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Projective Cover ◽  
Myodes Glareolus ◽  
Ecological Niches ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Apodemus Agrarius ◽  
Microtine Rodents

This paper deals with the problem of the connection between small mammals spatial distribution and the vegetation cover. The study was carried out during the summer period of 2018 and 2019 in the landscape protected area Oakwood of the NNSU Botanical Garden in the province of Nizhny Novgorod. Three relevs were set up in various plant associations: Ulmetum pulmonarioso-asaroso-aegopodiosum, Acereto-Tilietum pulmonarioso-impatienosum (noli-tangerae), Querceto-Acereto-Tilietum asareto-aegopodiosum. A standard geobotanical description was carried out according to the generally accepted method using a series of Raunkier sites registration. Microtine rodents were trapped by standart traps and live traps. The caught animals turned out to belong to 2 genera and 3 species: the bank vole Myodes glareolus Schreber, the pygmy wood mouse Apodemus uralensis Pallas, and the field mouse Apodemus agrarius Pallas. The low population size of animals, as well as the fact that Apodemus agrarius is a co-dominant, may indirectly indicate the anthropogenic pressure in the investigated oak groves. Ecological plasticity of the species Myodes glareolus has been confirmed. Bank voles inhabit micro-habitats with the average data of illumination as well as shaded ones. In general, the vegetation projective cover and the presence of Norway maple undergrowth are crucial for the microtine rodents spatial distribution. Small mammals choose sites with a minimum number of Acer platanoides undergrowth, and gravitate to places where the projective cover of grass has moderate rates (from 35 to 50%). The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) using a vegetation cover species spectrum showed the presence of a significant factor for microtine rodents, which is associated with nitrophilous species (common nettle and touch-me-not balsam). The presence of those plants may indicate a significant anthropogenic pressure on the vegetation cover. In addition, it is important that plants belong to a particular eco-coenotic group. The species Myodes glareolus and Apodemus agrarius differ on the nemoral factor, and their ecological niches do not overlap.

scholarly journals Morphological characteristics pf Heifei saffron (Crocus heuffelianus Herb.) in the Podilsky Tovtry national nature park

2021 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-38
Author(s):  
I. Odukalets ◽  
D. Tsymbaljuk ◽  
A. Grigorchuk
Keyword(s):  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
General Characteristic ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Morphological Parameters ◽  
Vegetative Cover ◽  
Nature Park ◽  
Number Of Individuals ◽  
Inflorescence Length

The article performs the results of the study of morphological parameters of individuals of the population of Crocus heuffelianus Herb on the territory of the nature reserve fund in the conditions of the Podilski Tovtry National Nature Park. The aim of our research was to study the morphometric parameters of Crocus heuffelianus to establish the adaptive capacity of the species in the study area. The morphometry of 50 generative individuals of Crocus heuffelianus growing in the 10th quarter of the Chemerivtsi environmental scientific-research department was performed.The general characteristic of the dynamics of vegetative cover on the investigated territory is representes basing on the conducted geobotanical descriptions of phytocenoses with the participation of Crocus heuffelianus Herb. Crocus heufellianus grows within 10 quarters in the forest crops Quercus robur L. (twenty-five years old), plantations of Pinus sylvestris L. (forty years old) and in the area with the group of QUERCO-FAGETEA BR.-BL. ET VLIEGER 1937, Fagetalia sylvaticae Pawі. 1928, Carpinion betuli Issler 1931 em. Mayer 1937 where eighty-year-old Carpinus betulus L., Quercus robur L. predominate. The analysis of measurements was carried out in the studied population of the species: plant height together with inflorescence; length and width of leaves. According to the results of our study, it has been found out that the height of plants in the population ranged from 7.6 cm to 14 cm. On average, this figure was 10.3 ± 2.0 cm. The size of the leaves of the predominant number of individuals in the population was characterized by the following anatomical and morphological parameters: width – 0.2-0.7 cm, length – 4.9-10.7 cm. It is shown that the vast majority of individuals of the species have one flower. Crocus heuffelianus has some variability of morphological features in the studied population. This indicates a significant potential for the species to grow in different environmental conditions, which can not be realized under conditions of increased anthropogenic pressure. The unique plain localities of this Montana-Alpine species on the territory of the Podilski Tovtry National Nature Park have a high sozological and scientific significance and require systematic, long-term monitoring.

Kyiv park "Nivki" and "Teremki" forests and ecological analysis of their habitats

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 53-68
Author(s):  
I. V. Goncharenko ◽  
H. M. Holyk
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Human Impact ◽  
Soil Nitrogen ◽  
Beta Diversity ◽  
Plant Cover ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Light Regime ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure

Cenotic diversity and leading ecological factors of its floristic differentiation were studied on an example of two areas – Kyiv parks "Nivki" and "Teremki". It is shown that in megalopolis the Galeobdoloni-Carpinetum impatientosum parviflorae subassociation is formed under anthropogenic pressure on the typical ecotope of near-Dnieper hornbeam oak forests on fresh gray-forest soils. The degree of anthropogenic transformation of cenofloras can be estimated by the number of species of Robinietea and Galio-Urticetea classes, as well as neophytes and cultivars. Phytoindication for hemeroby index may be also used in calculation. We propose the modified index of biotic dispersion (normalized by alpha-diversity) for the estimation of ecophytocenotic range (beta-diversity) of releves series. We found that alpha-diversity initially increases (due to the invasion of antropophytes) at low level of antropogenic pressure, then it decreases (due to the loss of aboriginal species) secondarily with increasing of human impact. Also we found that beta-diversity (differential diversity) decreases, increasing homogeneity of plant cover, under the influence of anthropogenic factor. Vegetation classification was completed by a new original method of cluster analysis, designated as DRSA («distance-ranked sorting assembling»). The classification quality is suggested to be validated on the "seriation" diagram, which is а distance matrix between objects with gradient filling. Dark diagonal blocks confirm clusters’ density (intracluster compactness), uncolored off-diagonal blocks are evidence in favor of clusters’ isolation (intercluster distinctness). In addition, distinction of clusters (syntaxa) in ordination area suggests their independence. For phytoindication we propose to include only species with more than 10% constancy. Furthermore, for the description of syntaxonomic amplitude we suggest to use 25%-75% interquartile scope instead of mean and standard deviation. It is shown that comparative analysis of syntaxa for each ecofactor is convenient to carry out by using violin (bulb) plots. A new approach to the phytoindication of syntaxa, designated as R-phytoindication, was proposed for our study. In this case, the ecofactor values, calculated for individual releves, are not taken into account, however, the composition of cenoflora with species constancies is used that helps us to minimize for phytoindication the influence of non-typical species. We suggested a syntaxon’s amplitude to be described by more robust statistics: for the optimum of amplitude (central tendency) – by a median (instead of arithmetic mean), and for the range of tolerance – by an interquartile scope (instead of standard deviation). We assesses amplitudes of syntaxa by phytoindication method for moisture (Hd), acidity (Rc), soil nitrogen content (Nt), wetting variability (vHd), light regime (Lc), salt regime (Sl). We revealed no significant differences on these ecofactors among ecotopes of our syntaxa, that proved the variant syntaxonomic rank for all syntaxa. We found that the core of species composition of our phytocenoses consists of plants with moderate requirements for moisture, soil nitrogen, light and salt regime. We prove that the leading factor of syntaxonomic differentiation is hidden anthropogenic, which is not subject to direct measurement. But we detect that hidden factor of "human pressure" was correlated with phytoindication parameters (variables) that can be measured "directly" by species composition of plant communities. The most correlated factors were ecofactors of soil nitrogen, wetting variability, light regime and hemeroby. The last one is the most indicative empirically for the assessment of "human impact". We establish that there is a concept of «hemeroby of phytocenosis» (tolerance to human impact), which can be calculated approximately as the mean or the median of hemeroby scores of individual species which are present in it.

scholarly journals Do the assemblages of benthic macroinvertebrates in nearshore waters of Western Australia vary among habitat types, zones and seasons?

2005 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.D. Wildsmith ◽  
I.C. Potter ◽  
F.J. Valesini ◽  
M.E. Platell
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Benthic Macroinvertebrates ◽  
Habitat Type ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Subtidal Zone ◽  
Habitat Types ◽  
Environmental Characteristics ◽  
Deposit Feeding ◽  
Number Of Individuals

Benthic macroinvertebrates were sampled seasonally in the subtidal and upper and lower swash zones at two sites in each of six nearshore habitat types on the lower west coast of Australia. The habitat types, which differed mainly in the extent of their exposure to wave activity and whether sea grass and/or nearshore reefs were present, had been distinguished quantitatively using values for a suite of seven statistically-selected enduring environmental characteristics (Valesini et al., 2003). The core samples yielded 121 species representing eight phyla, among which the Polychaeta, Malacostraca and Bivalvia were the most speciose classes, contributing ∼38, 23 and 10%, respectively, to the total number of individuals. The total number of species and mean density of macroinvertebrates at the most protected habitat type (1), i.e. 70 and 209·2 individuals 0·1 m−2, respectively, were far greater than in any other habitat type. Habitat type influenced species composition to a greater extent than either zone or season. Furthermore, the extents of the differences among the species compositions of the six habitat types statistically matched the extents of the differences among the values for the suite of enduring environmental characteristics that distinguished each of those habitat types. Overall, the species composition at habitat type 1 was the most distinct, containing five abundant species of polychaetes that were adapted to deposit-feeding in calm waters with high levels of organic material and which were rare in all other habitat types. In contrast, the fauna at the most exposed habitat type was characterized by four crustacean species and a species of bivalve and polychaete, whose mobility and tough external surface facilitated their survival and feeding in turbulent waters. The zonal differences in faunal compositions among habitat types were greatest in the case of the subtidal zone. The faunal compositions differed among zones and seasons only at the most protected habitat type.

Physiological-biotechnological aspects of drought resistance of narrow-leaved lavender (Lavandula angustifolia mill.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
O Klyachenko ◽  
◽  
I Shliakhtun ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Vegetation ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Code Of Phytosociological Nomenclature ◽  
Higher Aquatic Vegetation ◽  
Nature Park ◽  
Original Field ◽  
Natural Boundaries ◽  
Phytosociological Nomenclature ◽  
Coenotic Diversity

National Nature Park “Pyryatynsky” is a valuable reserve of flora and vegetation of the Left-Bank Dnipro. The extensive hydrological network of the Udai River and the wide representation within this nature reserve of floodplain reservoirs are the reason for the high diversity of plant communities of higher aquatic vegetation. In this article we classified the communities of order Callitricho-Batrachietalia in National nature park "Pyryatynskyi" and identify the features of their syntaxonomic and ecological differentiation. Fragmentary and non-comlete information about this type of vegetation are existed in literature, however, without geobotanical releves and detailed characteristics of the structure of phytoceonoses, synecology and synchorology. All obtained results based on original field data. In total, 22 geobotanical releves were performed during the period 2010–2017. The description of communities was carried out within their natural boundaries. Treatment of fitosociological data was performed with the JUICE software package. The nomenclature of syntaxons was consistent with the International Code of Phytosociological Nomenclature (ICFN).The order of Callitricho-Batrachietalia on the territory of NPP "Pyriatynsky" is represented by alliance Batrachion aquatilis Gehu 1961 and 4 associations (Batrachietum aquatilis Gehu 1961, Potameto perfoliati–Batrachietum circinati Sauer 1937, Hottonietum palustris Sauer 1947, Veronico beccabungae–Callitrichetum stagnalis (Oberdorfer 1957) Th. Müller 1962). This is first prodrome of order Callitricho-Batrachietalia for territory of National Nature Park “Pyryatynskyi”. The communities of this syntaxon occupy small areas and have a limited distribution in the region. Most of them are rare and vulnerable to changes in environmental conditions. Monitoring of their structure, chorology and dynamics is an important task to maintain and preserve the species and coenotic diversity of NPP "Pyryatynsky".

scholarly journals ФІТОПАРАЗИТИЧНІ НЕМАТОДИ ПРИРОДНИХ ЕКОСИСТЕМ ЛІВОБЕРЕЖНОГО ПОЛІССЯ (У МЕЖАХ ЧЕРНІГІВСЬКОЇ ОБЛАСТІ)

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
V. L. Shevchenko ◽  
T. M. Zhylina
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Soil Nematodes ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Dominant Group ◽  
Nature Park ◽  
Nematode Abundance ◽  
Longidorus Elongatus ◽  
Eleven Species

The species composition, frequency of occurrence, and the abundance of phytohelminths in communities of soil nematodes in natural ecosystems of the Left-Bank Polissia (Chernihiv region) were studied. Samples were collected throughout 2011-2016 in forest and meadow ecosystems on the territory of Chernihivskyi, Horodnianskyi, Kozeletskyi, Koropskyi, Menskyi, Ripkynskyi, Sosnytskyi, Semenivskyi, Shchorskyi and Novhorod-Siverskyi districts. Nematodes were extracted by a modified Baermann’s method from the 20-g sample. The exposition time was 48 h. Extracted nematodes were fixed in the triethanolamine–formalin (TAF, 2 % triethanolamine, 7 % formaldehyde solution, 91% water), and mounted on the temporary hydroglyceric slides. Nematode abundance was expressed as specimens per 100 g of dry soil. Seventeen species from three orders, ten families and fifteen genera were found. Eleven species (64.7 % of the species composition) belonged to the order of Tylenchida, four (23.5 %) – Triplonchida, two (11.8 %) – Dorylaimida. Eleven species (Gracilacus audriellus, Paratylenchus nanus, Tylenchorhynchus dubius, Helicotylenchus dihystera, Macroposthonia annulata, Diphtherophora communis, Trichodorus primitivus, Paratrichodorus teres, Paratrichodorus pachydermus, Longidorus elongatus, Xiphinema index) are ectoparasites, three species (Ditylenchus dipsaci, Pratylenchus pratensis, Hirschmaniella gracilis) – endoparasites, and three species (Hemicycliophora sp., Heterodera sp. 1, Heterodera sp. 2) – semiendoparasites. Phytohelminths in communities of soil nematodes in forest ecosystems ranged from 9.4 to 26.3 %. But in meadow ecosystems of the Mezin National Nature Park it was a dominant group (proportion in the community 47%). The most frequent species were G. audriellus, H. dihystera and T. dubius which occurred in 33.3 %, 33.3 % and 28.3 % of samples respectively. P. nanus, D. dipsaci, P. pratensis та D. communis – had frequency of occurrence 15 – 20%. Ten species of phytohelminths were found in 1–4 ecosystems (1.7–6.7%). G. audriellus and H. dihystera were abundant (124 and 56 specimens per 100 g of soil respectively).

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