scholarly journals Hall Study of Conductive Channels Formed in Germanium by Beams of High-Energy Light Ions

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
S.V. Lysochenko ◽  
Yu.S. Zharkikh ◽  
O.G. Kukharenko ◽  
O.V. Tretiak ◽  
M.G. Tolmachov
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Lattice ◽  
Hall Mobility ◽  
Hole Mobility ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Implantation Dose ◽  
Structure Defects ◽  
Light Ions ◽  
High Energy Ions ◽  
Microelectronics Technology ◽  
High Energy Particles

The implantation of the high-energy ions of H+ or He+ in germanium leads to the creation of buried conductive channels in its bulk with equal concentrations of acceptor centers. These centers are the structure defects of the crystal lattice which arise in the course of deceleration of high-energy particles. This method of introducing electrically active defects is similar to the doping of semiconductors by acceptor-type impurities. It has been established that the density of defects increases with the implantation dose till ≈5×10^15 cm−2. The further increase of the implantation dose does not affect the level of doping. In the range of applied doses (10^12–6×10^16) cm−2, the Hall mobility of holes in the formed conducting channels is practically independent of the implanted dose and is about (2-3)×10^4 cm2/Vs at 77 K. The doping ofthe germanium by high-energy ions of H+ or He+ to obtain conducting regions with high hole mobility can be used in the microelectronics technology.

Enhancement of Mercuric Iodide Detector Performance Through Crystal Growth in Microgravity: the Roles of Lattice Order

1997 ◽  
Vol 487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce Steiner ◽  
Lodewijk Van Den Berg ◽  
Uri Laor
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Crystal Lattice ◽  
Hole Mobility ◽  
Radiation Detectors ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Mercuric Iodide ◽  
Detector Performance ◽  
Lattice Order ◽  
Extraneous Material

AbstractThe hole-mobility•carrier-lifetime product of α mercuric iodide high energy radiation detectors has been enhanced through vapor crystal growth in microgravity. This improvement is closely correlated with specific characteristics of the crystal lattice, which have been identified by high resolution synchrotron x-ray diffraction imaging. These structural features and the associated performance are now being approached in terrestrial growth of α mercuric iodide.Gravity may affect the uniformity of this crystal lattice in two distinct ways: 1) directly through deformation that it imposes on the lattice during growth and 2) indirectly through convection, which mixes any extraneous material. Inclusions associated with these processes harden the lattice and facilitate lattice folding. These changes affect the electronic parameters of detectors made from the crystals. As purification procedures are optimized, the incorporation of extraneous material is curtailed, enhancing electronic properties in spite of lattice flexing through loss of precipitation hardening.These studies provide insight into the contribution of various aspects of crystalline order in α-mercuric iodide crystals to property improvement. This knowledge has led to modification of requirements for starting materials, adjustment of physical vapor growth procedures, and change in crystal handling procedures. As a result, the electronic performance of terrestrially grown radiation detectors has been improved, and we provide evidence that further enhancement is still possible.

Effects of High-Energy Ions on Synthetic Quartz

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 544-545
Author(s):  
Joseph J. Comer ◽  
Charles Bergeron ◽  
Lester F. Lowe
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Kikuchi Lines ◽  
High Energy Ions ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Dauphiné Twinning ◽  
Beam Damage

Using a Van De Graaff Accelerator thinned specimens were subjected to bombardment by 3 MeV N+ ions to fluences ranging from 4x1013 to 2x1016 ions/cm2. They were then examined by transmission electron microscopy and reflection electron diffraction using a 100 KV electron beam.At the lowest fluence of 4x1013 ions/cm2 diffraction patterns of the specimens contained Kikuchi lines which appeared somewhat broader and more diffuse than those obtained on unirradiated material. No damage could be detected by transmission electron microscopy in unannealed specimens. However, Dauphiné twinning was particularly pronounced after heating to 665°C for one hour and cooling to room temperature. The twins, seen in Fig. 1, were often less than .25 μm in size, smaller than those formed in unirradiated material and present in greater number. The results are in agreement with earlier observations on the effect of electron beam damage on Dauphiné twinning.

Observation of High-Energy Particles in the Inner Radiation Belt by the HEP Instrument of the Arase Satellite

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 398-403
Author(s):  
Honoka TODA ◽  
Wataru MIYAKE ◽  
Takefumi MITANI ◽  
Takeshi TAKASHIMA ◽  
Yoshizumi MIYOSHI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Belt ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Particles

scholarly journals Ion tracks in silicon formed by much lower energy deposition than the track formation threshold

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Amekura ◽  
M. Toulemonde ◽  
K. Narumi ◽  
R. Li ◽  
A. Chiba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Energy ◽  
Energy Deposition ◽  
Ion Irradiation ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Electronic Energy ◽  
Synergy Effect ◽  
Ion Tracks ◽  
Track Formation ◽  
Low Energies ◽  
High Energy Ions

AbstractDamaged regions of cylindrical shapes called ion tracks, typically in nano-meters wide and tens micro-meters long, are formed along the ion trajectories in many insulators, when high energy ions in the electronic stopping regime are injected. In most cases, the ion tracks were assumed as consequences of dense electronic energy deposition from the high energy ions, except some cases where the synergy effect with the nuclear energy deposition plays an important role. In crystalline Si (c-Si), no tracks have been observed with any monomer ions up to GeV. Tracks are formed in c-Si under 40 MeV fullerene (C60) cluster ion irradiation, which provides much higher energy deposition than monomer ions. The track diameter decreases with decreasing the ion energy until they disappear at an extrapolated value of ~ 17 MeV. However, here we report the track formation of 10 nm in diameter under C60 ion irradiation of 6 MeV, i.e., much lower than the extrapolated threshold. The diameters of 10 nm were comparable to those under 40 MeV C60 irradiation. Furthermore, the tracks formed by 6 MeV C60 irradiation consisted of damaged crystalline, while those formed by 40 MeV C60 irradiation were amorphous. The track formation was observed down to 1 MeV and probably lower with decreasing the track diameters. The track lengths were much shorter than those expected from the drop of Se below the threshold. These track formations at such low energies cannot be explained by the conventional purely electronic energy deposition mechanism, indicating another origin, e.g., the synergy effect between the electronic and nuclear energy depositions, or dual transitions of transient melting and boiling.

scholarly journals Gamma-Ray and Neutrino Signals from Accretion Disk Coronae of Active Galactic Nuclei

Galaxies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Yoshiyuki Inoue ◽  
Dmitry Khangulyan ◽  
Akihiro Doi
Keyword(s):  
Active Galactic Nuclei ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Galactic Nuclei ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Thermal Activity ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cascade Models ◽  
Coronal Activity ◽  
Ngc 1068 ◽  
High Energy Particles

To explain the X-ray spectra of active galactic nuclei (AGN), non-thermal activity in AGN coronae such as pair cascade models has been extensively discussed in the past literature. Although X-ray and gamma-ray observations in the 1990s disfavored such pair cascade models, recent millimeter-wave observations of nearby Seyferts have established the existence of weak non-thermal coronal activity. In addition, the IceCube collaboration reported NGC 1068, a nearby Seyfert, as the hottest spot in their 10 yr survey. These pieces of evidence are enough to investigate the non-thermal perspective of AGN coronae in depth again. This article summarizes our current observational understanding of AGN coronae and describes how AGN coronae generate high-energy particles. We also provide ways to test the AGN corona model with radio, X-ray, MeV gamma ray, and high-energy neutrino observations.

scholarly journals Sputtering of high-energy particles from the Ag{100} surface

1998 ◽  
Vol 57 (19) ◽  
pp. 12564-12572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Che-Chen Chang ◽  
Jiin-Yun Hsieh
Keyword(s):  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Particles

scholarly journals Identification of high energy ions using backscattered particles in laser-driven ion acceleration with cluster-gas targets

2013 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 92-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Fukuda ◽  
H. Sakaki ◽  
M. Kanasaki ◽  
A. Yogo ◽  
S. Jinno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Energy ◽  
Ion Acceleration ◽  
High Energy Ions ◽  
Gas Targets
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