Seasonal Survey in Content of Aflatoxin M1 and Somatic Cell Count in Collected Raw Milk Samples from Qazvin Province, Iran

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Nemati Niko ◽  
M. Alipour
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Aflatoxin M1 ◽  
Milk Samples

scholarly journals Bulk tank somatic cell count and associated microbial quality of milk from selected dairy cattle herds in Oyo State, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olufemi Olatoye ◽  
Adesola Amosun ◽  
Uzo Ogbu ◽  
Yemi Okunlade
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Quality And Safety ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
California Mastitis Test

Improvement of traditional and nomadic milk production through dairy development program in Nigeria requires routine quality and safety monitoring of milk both at herd level and milk collection centers. A total of 411 bulk raw milk samples aseptically obtained from Ibarapa, Oyo and Oke-Ogun industrial milk collection centers were subjected to California Mastitis Test (CMT), Bulk Somatic Cell Count (BSCC) and bacteriological analysis for assessment of quality and safety of milk from the herds. One hundred and seven (26.0%) of the samples were CMT positive, while 74.0% were negative to CMT. The overall mean BSCC, TAC and TCC were 1.27×103 ± cells/mL, 1.12×103± 34 cfu/mL, 97.8±9.8 cfu/mL in the CMT negative milk samples while for the strong positive samples the mean BSCC, TAC and TCC were 4.33×106 ± cells/mL, 2.35×106 ± 453 cfu/mL, 189.3±41.1 cfu/mL respectively; these were higher than the Pasteurized Milk Ordinance acceptable limits. Positive correlation was found between CMT scores and bacterial contamination and between CMT scores and SCC was recorded. About 26.0% of the samples with positive CMT could be considered unsafe due to strong correlation with microbial contamination that could result in milk borne zoonoses and public health hazards. However, a greater proportion (76.9%) of the milk with negative CMT scores could be safe for human consumption after post-harvest pasteurization. Consequently, there is need to improve handling, environmental and milking hygiene; as well as proper herd and udder health management to improve quality and safety of Nigeria dairy products.

scholarly journals Evolution and factors influencing somatic cell count in raw milk from farms in Viçosa, state of Minas Gerais

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 393
Author(s):  
Leonardo Cotta Quintão ◽  
Adriano França da Cunha ◽  
Lindomar José Bragança ◽  
Kamila Soares Coelho ◽  
Mariana Fonseca Nunes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Significant Variation ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

The somatic cell count (SCC) of refrigerated raw milk reflects the occurrence of mastitis in the herd and the management of rural property. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the SCC of the refrigerated raw milk and its determinant factors in dairy properties of Viçosa, State of Minas Gerais. Monthly, milk samples were taken from 44 cooling tanks during 2012. A structured questionnaire was applied to evaluate the production and management characteristics of the herds. There was a significant variation (p < 0.05) in the mean SCC of the milk, which was lower from June to August. Higher mean SCC and percentages of samples above the limit set by the legislation were observed in months of higher rainfall and ambient temperature (p < 0.05). Mechanical milking, lower milk yield, productivity, inadequate milking procedures, equipment hygiene, and water quality were all factors that influenced (p < 0.05) the SCC of raw refrigerated milk. Milker training is required for production of low SCC milk. 

Comparison of the Automated with the Semi-Automatic Coulter Counter Method and the Direct Microscopic Somatic Cell Count (DMSCC) on Raw Milk Samples1

1979 ◽  
Vol 42 (7) ◽  
pp. 567-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. GINN ◽  
V. S. PACKARD ◽  
D. R. THOMPSON
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Average Difference ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Cell Counter ◽  
Electronic Cell Counter

The automatic Milk Cell Counter (MCC) and semi-automatic electronic cell counter (ESCC) of Coulter Electronics were compared with each other and with the direct microscopic cell count (DMSCC) on raw milk samples with various cell counts. The average DMSCC count on 241 samples of milk with Wisconsin Mastitis Test (WMT) results of 22 mm and higher was 55,000 cells/ml above the average MCC count when calibrated to a 4.4-μm minimum particle diameter. This difference is statistically significant at the 1% level. On 24 different raw milk samples of widely varying somatic cell count analyzed in replicate six times per sample, the standard deviations for replicate samples were 34,300, 34,900 and 136,000 for the MCC, ESCC and DMSCC, respectively. For these tests, the MCC had been calibrated to a 4.3-μm minimum particle diameter. The average difference between counts by the MCC and ESCC methods was only 6080/ml, but this was statistically significant at the 5% level. The average MCC count with the equipment set at 4.3-μm minimum particle diameter was 58,000 above the average DMSCC count.

Heterogeneity of proteolytic enzyme activities in milk samples of different somatic cell count

2003 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne M Somers ◽  
Bernadette O'Brien ◽  
William J Meaney ◽  
Alan L Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Cathepsin D ◽  
Proteolytic Enzyme ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Proteolytic Enzymes ◽  
Physical Stability ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Rennet Coagulation

Milk contains the alkaline proteinase plasmin and lysosomal proteinases; the significance of the latter is ill-defined. The objective of this study was to investigate composition and activities of several different proteolytic enzymes in milk samples of varying somatic cell count (SCC). Increasing milk SCC was correlated with increased plasmin, cathepsin D and cysteine protease activities, with concomitant increases in proteolysis in milk. Addition of plasmin inhibitors confirmed the heterogeneity of proteinase activities in milk, as urea-PAGE analysis of milk samples showed casein hydrolysis in milk after 7 d storage even in samples with inhibitors added; extent and heterogeneity of proteolysis was correlated with milk SCC. Rennet coagulation properties were not significantly correlated with SCC, or activities of measured enzymes. Milk of increasing SCC also exhibited decreased physical stability during incubation of milk at 37 °C. Pasteurized milk was more stable than raw milk, suggesting that the enzyme(s) or mechanisms leading to such instability are impaired by pasteurization. Overall, milk has a very heterogeneous proteolytic enzyme population, with a higher significance of non-plasmin enzymes, such as cathepsin D and cysteine proteinases, than perhaps previously recognised.

scholarly journals Yetiştirici Elinde Bulunan Esmer İneklerinin Çiğ Süt Somatik Hücre Sayısı Üzerine Bazı Çevresel Faktörlerin Etkilerinin Belirlenmesi

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
pp. 504
Author(s):  
Aziz Şahin ◽  
Muzaffer Kaşıkcı
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Brown Swiss ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
European Union Commission ◽  
Brown Swiss Cattle

In the current research, it was aimed to determine Somatic Cell Count (SCC) and the factors effecting on SCC in milk samples of Brown Swiss cattle raised at different farm conditions in Yıldızeli district of Sivas province in Turkey. Raw milk samples were collected at morning milking in months of May and November in year 2012. In total, 244 milk samples from 122 Brown Swiss cattle were analyzed. The effects of calving age, farm and test month on SCC were statistically significant. In the present study, the average SCC was determined as 1209696±111361 cells/ml. About 56.6% of milk from November month and about 48.4 % of milk samples from Brown Swiss were containing over 500.000 cell/ ml. As a result, Brown Swiss cattle identified SCC in raw milk samples were significantly higher than the values specified in the legislation of the European Union Commission and Turkish Food Codex.

scholarly journals Relationships Between Dye Reduction Test Scores and Somatic Cell Count in Bovine Raw Milk

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baris Kadir Yalcin ◽  
Savas Atasever
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Test Scores ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Point Scale ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Reduction Test ◽  
Dye Reduction

The aim of this study was to reveal the relationships between dye reduction test scores and somatic cell count (SCC) in bovine raw milk. The SCC, methyelene blue reduction scores (MTS) and resazurin reduction test scores (RTS) were determined at biweekly intervals in four test days (TD) between March and April 2017 in a total of 89 raw milk samples sold in Samsun province as unpacked. While SCC values were recorded by an automatic counter, all SCC values were transformed to log10 base before statistical analysis. In MTS method, the time for the change of the color of milk from blue to white was noted and milk quality was assessed using a 1 to 4 point scale (1=>5h-good/excellent; 2=2-5h-medium; 3=0.5-2h-bad and 4=

scholarly journals Effect of somatic cell count on dairy products: a review

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mukta Talukder ◽  
HM Manir Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Proteolytic Enzymes ◽  
Somatic Cells ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Microbial Count ◽  
Endogenous Enzymes ◽  
Fluid Milk

Somatic cells are the most essential factors naturally present in milk, and somatic cell count (SCC) is used as an indicator of monitoring mastitis incidence in the herd and also to assess the quality of milk. In addition, SCC is frequently used to determine quality payments to dairy producers. The SCC is directly related to get maximum milk production from individual cow and a lower SCC indicates better animal health, as somatic cells originate only from inside the animal's udder. SCC monitoring is important because as the number of somatic cells increases, milk yield is likely to fall, primarily due to the damage to milk-producing tissue in the udder caused by mastitis pathogens and the toxins they produce, particularly when epithelial cells are lost. Keeping low SSC will allow good quality more raw milk and provide a better product to milk processors whether used as fluid milk or converted to milk based products. Somatic cells containing lipolytic and proteolytic enzymes lead to degrade major nutrients fats and proteins, respectively. Elevated SCC is related to udder inflammation, which leads to alter the normal microbial count and physicochemical parameters of milk, as well as the quality of heat treated fluid milk and milk based product. The objective of this review is to discuss on the SSC and endogenous enzymes released from somatic cells in raw milk as well as effect of somatic cells count and their endogenous enzymes in processed milk and milk based products.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. March 2017, 3(1): 1-9

scholarly journals The presence of pathogens in milk of ewes in relation to the somatic cell count and subpopulations of leukocytes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tvarožková ◽  
Vašíček ◽  
Uhrinčať ◽  
Mačuhová ◽  
Hleba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Cells ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Milk Samples

Mastitis is a major health problem of the udder in dairy sheep breeds. For diagnosis of subclinical mastitis, somatic cell count (SCC) is commonly used. The presence of pathogens in the udder causes the increase of leukocytes and thus SCC in milk. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of pathogens in the milk of ewes and the possible relationship with SCC. The changes of leukocytes subpopulation in milk samples with high SCC were evaluated as well. The experiment was carried out on a dairy farm with the Lacaune breed. This study was conducted on 45 ewes (98 milk samples) without signs of clinical mastitis. Based on somatic cell count, samples were divided to five SCC groups: SCC1 &lt; 200 000 cells/ml (45 milk samples); 200 000 ≤ SCC2 &lt; 400 000 cells/ml (10 milk samples); 400 000 ≤ SCC3 &lt; 600 000 cells/ml (six milk samples); 600 000 ≤ SCC4 &lt; 1 000 000 cells/ml (six milk samples); SCC5 ≥ 1 000 000 cells/ml (31 milk samples). No pathogens were observed in the majority of milk samples (60.20%). Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) were the most commonly isolated pathogens from the milk of ewes (86.11%). Staphylococcus epidermidis had the highest incidence from CNS (35.48%). In the SCC5 group, up to 79.31% of bacteriological samples were positive. The percentage of leukocytes significantly increased (P &lt; 0.001) in the samples with higher SCC (≥ 200 × 10<sup>3</sup> cells/ml) in comparison to the group SCC1. Also, the percentage of polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) was significantly higher with increasing SCC (P &lt; 0.001). In conclusion, the presented results showed that the high SCC was caused by the presence of the pathogen in milk. Thus SCC &lt; 200 000 cells/ml and leukocyte subpopulation, especially PMNs, could be considered as important tools in udder health programs applied in dairy ewes.

Preservation and Storage Mechanisms for Raw Milk Samples for Use in Milk-Recording Schemes

1996 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
HUMBERTO G. MONARDES ◽  
ROBERT K. MOORE ◽  
BRIAN CORRIGAN ◽  
YVON RIOUX
Keyword(s):  
Cell Count ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Potassium Dichromate ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Sample Storage ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
And Storage

This study, carried out by the Quebec Dairy Herd Analysis Service, compares (during summer conditions in Quebec) the performance of three types of preservatives for raw milk under four different systems of sample storage: no refrigeration, refrigeration at the laboratory only, refrigeration during transport and at the lab, and complete refrigeration from sampling at the farm to analysis. The objective was to determine the best preservative and storage conditions for protecting milk components during transportation and storage of raw milk samples collected at the farm and sent to a central testing lab for analysis. Milk samples were analyzed at day 3 and at day 7 after sampling to observe the effect of aging. A total of 12,480 samples were collected during the trial. The components studied were percentage of fat and protein and somatic cell count (SCC). In general, samples preserved with bronopol (2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol and 2-bromo-2-nitropropanol) in liquid or in microtab tended to give higher readings for fat and protein contents than samples preserved with potassium dichromate. Significantly lower fat values were observed in 7-day-old samples compared to 3-day-old samples. Fat depression was more accentuated in nonrefrigerated samples. Under current methods of handling raw milk samples, refrigeration during the whole process of sampling, transportation, and until analysis, seems an ideal to attain to avoid significant reductions of fat values.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document