Risk Factors Impacting Incomplete Immunization in Low Birth Weight and Preterm Infants

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matt Nestander ◽  
Jay Dintaman ◽  
Apryl Susi ◽  
Gregory Gorman ◽  
Elizabeth Hisle-Gorman
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Infants

scholarly journals Prevalence, mortality and risk factors associated with very low birth weight preterm infants: an analysis of 33 years

2020 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 327-332
Author(s):  
Julia Damiani Victora ◽  
Mariangela Freitas Silveira ◽  
Cristian Tedesco Tonial ◽  
Cesar Gomes Victora ◽  
Fernando Celso Barros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Factors Associated

scholarly journals Late hyponatremia: its risk factors in preterm infants and short-term outcome

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 434-443
Author(s):  
Manizheh Gharehbaghi ◽  
Sadollah Yegane Dust ◽  
Elmira Naseri
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Short Term Outcome ◽  
Osteopenia Of Prematurity

Background. Prematurity is one of the major health problems and common causes of neonatal mortality. One of the complications of premature infants is hyponatremia. The effect of hyponatremia on the prognosis of preterm infants has not been well studied. This study aimed to evaluate infants with late hyponatremia, its risk factors, and prognosis. Methods. This descriptive analytical study reviewed preterm infants (<34 weeks) admitted to Al-Zahra or Children’s Hospital in Tabriz for one year (2019). Neonates diagnosed with hyponatremia after the second week were identified and evaluated for risk factors and short-term outcome. Results. A total of 186 neonates were studied. The mean gestational age of the neonates was 30 weeks (first and third quarters = 29-32 weeks). 101 (54.3%) infants were male. The route of delivery was the cesarean section in 60.7% of cases. Late hyponatremia was present in 50 (26.8 %) infants. Gestational age and birth weight were significantly lower in infants with hyponatremia than in the control group. Multivariate analysis showed that low birth weight, the use of prenatal steroids, and inappropriate weight for gestational age status independently predict the incidence of late hyponatremia. There was a significant relationship between the presence of prolonged late hyponatremia (over 7 days) and bronchopulmonary dysplasia and osteopenia of prematurity. However, no significant association was found between the presence of prolonged late hyponatremia in preterm infants with the length of hospital stay and in-hospital mortality. Conclusion. Based on the findings of this study, low birth weight, prenatal steroid use, and lack of appropriate weight for gestational age were risk factors for late hyponatremia in preterm infants. Prolonged hyponatremia is associated with bronchopulmonary dysplasia and osteopenia of prematurity

scholarly journals First-year growth of 834 preterm infants in a Chinese population: a single-center study

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Deng ◽  
Fan Yang ◽  
Dezhi Mu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
First Year ◽  
Poor Growth ◽  
Vlbw Infants ◽  
Catch Up ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
Prevalence Of Anemia

Abstract Background The aim of this study was to follow the growth and hematological indicators of preterm infants during their first year. Methods Neonates below 37 gestational weeks had routine follow-ups up through 1 year from January 2012 to December 2015 at West China 2nd University Hospital, Sichuan University. Weight, length and head circumference (HC) were measured monthly during the first 6 months, followed by monitoring every second month until 12 months. The catch-up growth defined as a gain of Z-score > 0.67 according to previous study. All preterm infants were prescribed iron prophylaxis based on national guideline. The hemoglobin concentration was examined at 6 and 12 months. Results Altogether, 132 very-low-birth-weight (VLBW), 504 low-birth-weight (LBW) and 198 normal-birth-weight (NBW) infants were followed. The rates of catch-up growth for weight, length and HC 12 months of corrected age (CA) were 22.6, 29.1 and 14.6%, respectively. SGA and VLBW infants showed higher catch-up growth rates. The overall prevalence of anemia was 6.8% at 6 months and 7.8% at 12 months. The Z-scores for weight-for-length, length and HC were lower in the VLBW and SGA preterm infant groups than in the other preterm groups throughout the first year of life. The incidences of stunting, microcephaly and wasting changed from 5, 1.3 and 3.7% to 2, 1.1, 0.9 and 2.4%, respectively, during the first year. However, the incidences of wasting and stunting were higher for the VLBW infants than for the LBW and NBW infants at 12 months (9.3% vs. 1.4%, p < 0.01; 9.3% vs. 1%, p < 0.01,respectively; 4.7% vs. 0.8%, p < 0.01, 4.7% vs. 0%, p < 0.01,respectively). Similar results were observed between SGA and AGA infants (8.7% vs. 1.5%, p < 0.01; 5.8% vs. 0.4%, p < 0.01). Logistic regression revealed SGA and VLBW as risk factors for poor growth (WLZ < -2SD) at 12 months (OR = 5.5, 95% CI: 2.1–14.8, p < 0.01: OR = 4.8, 95% CI: 1.8–12.8, p < 0.01, respectively). Conclusion The VLBW and SGA preterm infants showed significant catch-up growth during their first year of life. However, SGA and VLBW were risk factors for poor growth during the preterm infants’ first year of life. Prophylactic iron supplementation in preterm infants appears to reduce the prevalence of anemia.

scholarly journals Risk factors for the increasing trend in low birth weight among live births born by vaginal delivery, Brazil

2000 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 596-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco A Barbieri ◽  
Antônio AM Silva ◽  
Heloisa Bettiol ◽  
Uilho A Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Vaginal Delivery ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Socioeconomic Differences ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Vaginal Deliveries

OBJECTIVE: To identify risk factors for low birth weight (LBW) among live births by vaginal delivery and to determine if the disappearance of the association between LBW and socioeconomic factors was due to confounding by cesarean section. METHODS: Data were obtained from two population-based cohorts of singleton live births in Ribeirão Preto, Southeastern Brazil. The first one comprised 4,698 newborns from June 1978 to May 1979 and the second included 1,399 infants born from May to August 1994. The risks for LBW were tested in a logistic model, including the interaction of the year of survey and all independent variables under analysis. RESULTS: The incidence of LBW among vaginal deliveries increased from 7.8% in 1978--79 to 10% in 1994. The risk was higher for: female or preterm infants; newborns of non-cohabiting mothers; newborns whose mothers had fewer prenatal visits or few years of education; first-born infants; and those who had smoking mothers. The interaction of the year of survey with gestational age indicated that the risk of LBW among preterm infants fell from 17.75 to 8.71 in 15 years. The mean birth weight decreased more significantly among newborns from qualified families, who also had the highest increase in preterm birth and non-cohabitation. CONCLUSIONS: LBW among vaginal deliveries increased mainly due to a rise in the proportion of preterm births and non-cohabiting mothers. The association between cesarean section and LBW tended to cover up socioeconomic differences in the likelihood of LBW. When vaginal deliveries were analyzed independently, these socioeconomic differences come up again.

scholarly journals Prevalence, mortality and risk factors associated with very low birth weight preterm infants: an analysis of 33 years

2020 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 327-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Damiani Victora ◽  
Mariangela Freitas Silveira ◽  
Cristian Tedesco Tonial ◽  
Cesar Gomes Victora ◽  
Fernando Celso Barros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Factors Associated

scholarly journals SAT-103 Extrauterine Growth Restriction (EUGR) in Preterm Infants: Incidence, Risk Factors, Nutrition, Auxological and Neurological Outcome.A Retrospective Study from 2010 to 2016

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Del Pistoia ◽  
Maria Giulia Tozzi ◽  
Alessandra Carmignani ◽  
Massimiliano Ciantelli ◽  
Rosa Teresa Scaramuzzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Enteral Feeding ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Minimum Weight ◽  
Gradual Improvement ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract EUGR is still a serious problem in very low birth weight preterm infants. The gradual improvement in neonatal intensive care has allowed the survival of newborns with increasing low weight and gestational age, with a higher incidence of major nutritional problems and diseases (Goldenberg 2008). EUGR was defined as growth parameters ≤ 10° centile at discharge, compared to the expected intrauterine growth for post-menstrual age. Recently EUGR was defined, in a dynamic way, as the reduction in anthropometric parameters z-score between birth and discharge &gt;1SD (Griffin 2016). Aims of our study were to evaluate: the incidence of EUGR, the nutritional intake, the main risk factors, the auxological and neurological outcome. We enrolled 346 newborns admitted to our NICU from 2010 to 2016 with gestational age (GA) at birth &lt; 30 weeks and/or birth weight &lt;1500 gr. Infants with malformations or syndromes were excluded. The incidence of EUGR was 73.1% for weight, 66.3% for length and 39.3% for head circumference. We observed a decrease in SD mainly during the first 14 days of life. From two weeks to discharge, no significant catch-up growth was observed. Risk factors for EUGR were: male gender, reduced GA (p=0.000), low birth weight (p=0.000), lower minimum weight achieved (p=0.000), more time to recover birth weight (p=0.000), lower growth rate per day (p=0.001), longer period of total parenteral nutrition (p=0.008), later onset of minimal enteral feeding (p=0.006), later achievement of the full enteral feeding (p=0.000), cesarean section (p=0.006), incomplete corticosteroid prophylaxis (p=0.025), postnatal steroids use (p=0.000), mechanical ventilation (p=0.000), pulmonary bronchodysplasia (p= 0.000), leukomalacia (p=0.06), patent ductus arteriosus (p=0.000), retinopathy of prematurity (p= 0.008), late onset sepsis (p= 0.09). In 197 patients post-discharge clinical follow up at 1, 3 and 24 months of correct age (CA) was performed. Around 88% of all our sample showed normal neurological development. 12% at 1 and 3 months had abnormal general movements (both writhing and fidgety movements) or absent (p = 0.001). At 24 months CA patients with abnormal/absent fidgety movements had neurological disabilities and 83% were EUGR. At 24 months, 17% had weight &lt;10th centile and all were EUGR. 25% showed an overgrowth (weight &gt;75th centile) with a probably increased risk of metabolic disease later in life. The incidence of EUGR increased over the years due to the augmentation in preterm births with lower GA. The first 14 days of life were a critical period and nutrition is known to be mandatory to promote newborns’ growth (Asbury 2019). The EUGR condition negatively affected the neurological (Chien 2018) and auxological (Takayanagi 2018, Wood 2018) outcome of preterm infants and the early recognition of this condition is extremely important in order to implement a careful and prolonged follow-up.

scholarly journals Prevalence, aetiology, and impact of paediatric feeding disorders in preterm infants admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit in Cyprus

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-53
Author(s):  
Panayiota Senekki-Florent ◽  
Margaret Walshe
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Feeding Disorders ◽  
Phase 2

BACKGROUND: Advancements in neonatal care have resulted in increased survival for preterm infants, with associated risk for paediatric feeding disorders (PFDs), the prevalence of which is relatively unexplored. Risk factors for developing PFDs in this population must be identified. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the epidemiology and risk factors for PFDs in preterm infants with Extremely Low Birth Weight (ELBW); Very Low Birth Weight (VLBW) and Low Birth weight (LBW) in the only neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in Cyprus. METHODS: This study comprised 2 phases: Phase 1, a retrospective 2-year file audit, informing methodology for Phase 2, a prospective epidemiological study. Profiles of 1027 preterm infants were obtained in Phase 1. In Phase 2, clinical assessment data on 458 preterm infants (N = 224) were analyzed. RESULTS: The prevalence of PFDs was 36.5%. All preterm infants with ELBW and 69%with VLBW exhibited PFDs. Risk factors were birth weight (BW), gestational age (GA), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), neurological disorders, structural anomalies, and congenital heart disease (CHD). CONCLUSIONS: This unique epidemiological data for one country will inform NICU service provision and direct international research on PFDs in neonates.

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