The Role of the Pediatrician in Adoption with Reference to ‘The Right to Know’: An Update

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-306
Author(s):  
S. Norman Sherry ◽  
Richard Baum ◽  
Agnes D. Lattimer ◽  
William C. Rieke ◽  
Burton Sokoloff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Certificate ◽  
Adoptive Parents ◽  
Adoption Process ◽  
Court Order ◽  
Adoptive Family ◽  
Just Cause ◽  
Birth Parent ◽  
Original Record ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Right

The adoption process in our country traditionally has been designed to safeguard the rights of the adoptive parents, ensure the solidarity of the adoptive family, and preserve the anonymity of the birth parents. When adoption is finalized, the original birth certificate is "sealed" and a new certificate is issued in the name of the adoptive parents. Once sealed, the laws of most states specify that the original record can be opened only by court order and for "just cause." A few states have provisions for opening of the records on demand of the adoptees when they become adults. This provision frequently is true in theory but not in practice, and the definition of "just cause" has varied considerably from court to court. Most adoptive parents have warm and loving relationships with their adoptive children. Most try to pass on to them, at appropriate times, as much of the birth information as they know and are able to provide. Most adoptees have a warm and loving and truly bonded relationship with their adoptive parents. In spite of this, and regardless of their attachment to the adoptive parents, some adoptees have a compelling desire and/or need to learn of their birth parent or parents. Many adult adoptees and adoption specialists see this search as essential to the establishment of a sense of identity. Most reports of reunions indicate that adoptees have been pleased with the meeting and that their ties to their adoptive parents have been strengthened thereby. In addition, there is the growing body of law that has spoken to the right of people to know the content of various personal records.

The Role of the Pediatrician in Adoption With Reference to "The Right To Know"

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 378-379
Author(s):  
◽  
Donald Lewis ◽  
George C. Cypress ◽  
Joseph H. Davis ◽  
Ruth C. Harris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Certificate ◽  
Adoptive Parents ◽  
Adoption Process ◽  
Court Order ◽  
Adoptive Family ◽  
Just Cause ◽  
The Right To Know ◽  
Original Record ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Right

The adoption process in our country traditionally has been designed to safeguard the rights of adoptive parents, insure the solidarity of the adoptive family, and preserve the anonymity of the natural parents. To accomplish this, when adoptions are finalized, the original birth certificate is "sealed" and a new certificate is issued in the name of the adoptive parents. Once sealed, the laws of most states specify that the original record can be opened only by court order and for "just cause." A few states have provisions for opening of the records on demand of the adoptee when that person becomes an adult. This provision often turns out to be true in theory but not in practice, and the definition of "just cause" has varied greatly from court to court. Most adoptive parents have warm and loving relationships with their adoptive children. Most try to pass on to them, at appropriate times, as much of the birth information as they know and are able to provide. Most adoptees have a warm and loving and truly bonded relationship with their adoptive parents. In spite of this, and regardless of their attachment to the adoptive parents, some adoptees, as they reach maturity, have a compelling desire to learn of their natural parent or parents. Many adult adoptees and adoption specialists see this search as essential to the establishment of a sense of identity. Most reports of reunions indicate that adoptees have been pleased with the meeting and that their ties to their adoptive parents have been strengthened thereby.

Issues of Confidentiality in Adoption: The Role of the Pediatrician

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 339-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Certificate ◽  
The United States ◽  
Adoptive Parents ◽  
State Agency ◽  
Adopted Children ◽  
Court Order ◽  
Adult Adoptees ◽  
Birth Parents ◽  
Birth Parent ◽  
Birth Family

Adoption practices in the United States have been designed to protect each member of the adoption triad. Traditionally they preserve the anonymity and privacy of the birth parents. These practices have supported the concept that adoptive parents need to establish a relationship with their new child without concern of unwanted interference by members of the child's birth family. In addition, they emphasize protecting adopted children from potentially disturbing facts about their birth families and/or psychological confusion that might arise from any continued relationship with their birth families. To protect confidentiality in adoption, all records of the adoption proceedings are sealed. The child's original birth certificate is sealed, and a new one is issued that typically contains only the child's adoptive name and substitutes the names of the adoptive parents for the birth parents. The original birth certificate and adoption records can be opened only by a court order and only for "just cause." Recently, however, three states have developed open adoption records, and more than 30 other states have developed mutual consent registries.1 The exact statutes regarding mutual consent registries vary from state to state, but the basic concept allows adult adoptees and birth parents to register their desire to meet each other. If a mutual consent is achieved, identifying information can be released and a meeting may be facilitated. Some states require both parties to register independently. Other states allow a state agency to locate the birth parent(s) to determine whether consent will be granted to release information to the adult adoptee.1

SOME QUESTIONS ABOUT CHILD ADOPTION

2021 ◽  
pp. 162-171
Author(s):  
Aleksandra E. Kasantseva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Parental Care ◽  
Adoptive Parents ◽  
Adoptive Parent ◽  
Court Order ◽  
Adopted Child ◽  
Adoptive Family ◽  
Rights Of The Child ◽  
Legal Provisions ◽  
Legal Relationship ◽  
Legal Fact

Adoption is the preferred form of placement of a child without parental care in a family. The advantage of this form of placement is its permanent nature. In addition, the legal rela-tionship arising between the adoptive parent and his or her ancestors and the adopted child and his or her descendants is equivalent to a parental relationship. Like parental legal relation-ships, the legal relationship between adoptive parents and adoptees is presumed to be perpetual. Unlike other entities raising a child without parental care, adoptive parents may give the adopted child a new name and change the date and place of birth. The legal composition giving rise to a family legal relationship between the adoptive parent and his or her ancestors and the adopted child and his or her descendants is the consent of a number of persons. An enforceable court order for the adoption of a child is a confirming legal fact. It con-firms that the consent of all persons and authorities has been obtained and the child has been placed in the adoptive family. The question arises regarding the consent of the child's parents to his adoption. The con-sent to the adoption is equal to their renunciation of the child, which does not contradict the Convention on the Rights of the Child. Nevertheless, the rules of the Family Code on adop-tion should not initiate a parent's renunciation of his/her child. A child has the right to live and be brought up in his or her own family and to know his or her parents. If a parent relinquishes his or her child, the parental rights should first be removed and then the child should be put up for adoption without his or her consent. The current legal provisions on adoption have other inaccuracies, which are discussed in this article.

Adoptive parenthood in the context of child and parents disability

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-39
Author(s):  
Jarosław Czapliński
Keyword(s):  
Adoptive Parents ◽  
Adoption Process ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
The Third ◽  
Concept Of Health ◽  
Adoptive Parenthood ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Parents With Disabilities

The article presents selected issues regarding adoption and disability. The first part focuses on the theoretical definition of the concept of health and disability. Then, selected results of Polish and foreign research describing the stress and worries experienced by adoptive parents were analyzed, as well as satisfaction from the role of parent after adoption of a child with disability. The third part focuses on the formal and legal analysis of the possibilities of access to the adoption process by parents with disabilities.

Anak Angkat Sebagai Penghalang Penetapan Ahli Warits Perspektif Maqasid Syariah ( Analisis Terhadap Putusan Hakim Pengadilan Agama Pekanbaru Klas 1 No. 181/Pdt.P/2020/PA.Pbr )

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-188
Author(s):  
Muh Rizki
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Adoptive Parents ◽  
Best Interests ◽  
Court Order ◽  
Adopted Child ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Child Adoption ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Right

Abstrak. Di Indonesia pengangkatan anak/adopsi diatur dalam Undang-undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 23 tahun 2020 perihal pengangkatan anak, di dalam pasal 39 poin 1 dijelaskan, dalam hal ini pengangkatan anak hanya dapat dilakukan berdasarkan kepentingan yang terbaik bagi anak dan dapat dilakukan dengan ketentuan adat setempat dan ketentuan peraturan yang berlaku. Hal ini agar pengangkatan anak tidak terjadi kesalah fahaman atau pertikaian di belakang hari, terlebih-lebih apabila orang tua angkatnya meninggal dunia lebih dulu. Sebagaimana dalam putusan hakim Pengadilan Agama Pekanbaru klas 1A Nomor. 181/Pdt.P/2020/PA.Pbr, tentang penetapan ahli warits.  Majelis Hakim Pengadilan Agama Pekanbaru menolak penetapan ahli warits disebabkan adanya anak angkat, meskipun tidak ada bukti yang menunjukkan adanya penetapan pengadilan atau secara adat tentang pengangkatan anak tersebut. Berdasarkan uraian ini, maka penulis merasa perlu menganalisis dari asfek yuridis dan filososfis untuk menemukan jawaban mengapa permohonan penetapan ahli warits ini ditolak, dan apa dasar hukum hakim yang digunakan serta bagaimana putusan ini jika dianalisis dengan konsep maqasid syariah. Jenis penelitian dalam tulisan ini adalah penelitian pustaka (library reseach), yaitu penelitian hukum yang dilakukan dengan cara meneliti bahan pustaka atau data sekunder belaka dengan menggunakan pendekatan hukum normatif dan pilosofis. Adapun kesimpulannya, bahwa anak angkat sangat punya kepentingan terhadap harta tirkah dari alamarhumah, karena para pemohon tidak memasukkan anak angkat sebagai orang yang berhak sebagai pihak dalam perkara aquo, majelis hakim berpendapat permohonan para Pemohon kurang pihak. Maka pertimbangan majelis hakim dengan menggunakan kaedah “Menolak mafsadah didahulukan daripada mengambil kemaslahatan”. Apabila dianalisis perkara ini dengan pisau analisis maqasid syariah  yang sesuai dengan prinsip maqasid syariah dan terhimpun dalam empat kulliyatul khams sekaligus, yakni memelihara agama (hifz ad-din), memelihara jiwa (hifz an-nafs), memelihar akal (hifz al-aql dan memelihara harta (hifz al-mal). Abstract. In Indonesia, adoption/adoption is regulated in the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 23 of 2020 regarding child adoption, in article 39 point 1 it is explained, in this case the adoption can only be carried out based on the best interests of the child and can be carried out with local customary provisions and applicable regulations. This is so that the adoption of a child does not cause misunderstandings or disputes later in life, especially if the adoptive parents die first. As in the decision of the Pekanbaru Religious Court class 1A No. 181/Pdt.P/2020/PA.Pbr, regarding the determination of heirs. The Pekanbaru Religious Court Panel of Judges rejected the determination of heirs due to the presence of an adopted child, although there is no evidence to show that there was a court order or custom regarding the adoption of the child. Based on this description, the author feels the need to analyze from the juridical and philosophical aspects to find answers to why the application for the determination of heirs was rejected, and what is the legal basis of the judge used and how this decision is analyzed with the concept of maqasid sharia. The type of research in this paper is library research, namely legal research carried out by examining library materials or secondary data using normative and philosophical legal approaches. As for the conclusion, that the adopted child is very interested in the tirkah property of the alamarhumah, because the petitioners do not include the adopted child as a person who has the right as a party in the aquo case, the panel of judges is of the opinion that the petition of the petitioners is lacking in parties. Then the consideration of the panel of judges using the method "Rejecting mafsadah takes precedence over taking benefit". When analyzed this case with a maqasid sharia analysis knife which is in accordance with the principles of maqasid sharia and is compiled in four kulliyatul khams at once, namely maintaining religion (hifz ad-din), preserving soul (hifz an-nafs), preserving reason (hifz al-aql and maintain property (hifz al-mal).

scholarly journals EVALUACIÓN PSICOLÓGICA EN LA DECLARATORIA DE IDONEIDAD DE LAS FAMILIAS SOLICITANTES DE ADOPCIÓN

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Martín Augusto Valdivieso Cobeña ◽  
Viviana Septimia Gómez Mieles
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Psychology ◽  
Psychological Evaluation ◽  
Adoptive Parents ◽  
Adoption Process ◽  
Santo Domingo ◽  
Adoptive Families ◽  
Adoptive Family ◽  
Factores De Riesgo ◽  
Para Determinar

La evaluación psicológica en las familias solicitantes de adopción tiene como finalidad la elaboración del informe de idoneidad sobre sus motivaciones y aptitudes, su situación y su capacidad para convertirse en familias idóneas. El trabajo por parte de los profesionales en Psicología Clínica es evaluar a las familias para determinar su idoneidad y que estas asuman su rol de la adopción. A partir de estos requerimientos los futuros padres adoptivos tienen que enfrentarse a situaciones y tareas distintas de la paternidad biológica principalmente porque la vinculación en la familia adoptiva es diferente, al no producirse un embarazo, la preparación emocional para llevar a cabo el rol de la paternidad viene dada de forma repentina y se debe estar preparado para ser capaces de asumir el cambio. De ahí que el trabajo que se presenta tenga como objetivo proponer estrategias para realizar un proceso psicoterapéutico que oriente a las familias para lograr la declaratoria de idoneidad de las familias solicitantes de la adopción en la Coordinación zonal 4 Manabí, Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas. En este sentido  se hace un análisis teórico acerca del proceso de adopción y la necesidad de realizar la evaluación psicológica a las familias que deben ser consideradas idóneas para la adopción. Otro de los aspectos más significativos es el análisis de los factores de riesgo y los factores protectores que debe tener en cuenta los especialistas en Psicología Clínica para la restitución de derechos de las niñas, niños y adolescentes. PALABRAS CLAVE: Prevención; adopción; psicología clínica; psicoterapia.  PSYCHOLOGICAL EVALUATION IN THE DECLARATION OF SUITABILITY OF APPLICANT FAMILIES ADOPTION ABSTRACT  The psychological evaluation in the adoptive families aims at the preparation of the report of suitability on their motivations and aptitudes, their situation and their capacity to become suitable families. The work of the professionals in Clinical Psychology is to evaluate the families to determine their suitability and that they assume their role of adoption. From these requirements the future adoptive parents have to face different situations and tasks of biological parenthood mainly because the attachment in the adoptive family is different, in the absence of pregnancy, the emotional preparation to carry out the role of parenthood Is given suddenly and one must be prepared to be able to take on the change. Hence, the objective of this study is to propose strategies to carry out a psychotherapeutic process that guides the families to achieve the declaration of suitability of families applying for adoption in the Zonal Coordination 4 Manabí, Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas. In this sense a theoretical analysis is made about the adoption process and the need to carry out the psychological evaluation to the families that should be considered suitable for adoption. Another of the most significant aspects is the analysis of the risk factors and protective factors that should be taken into account by specialists in Clinical Psychology for the restitution of the rights of children and adolescents. KEYWORDS: Prevention; adoption; clinical psychology; psychotherapy.

scholarly journals Additional social leave for single mothers: the practice of applying and improving legislation

Legal Ukraine ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 31-37
Author(s):  
Anna Mitritskaya
Keyword(s):  
Single Mothers ◽  
Single Mother ◽  
Birth Certificate ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Parental Rights ◽  
Court Order ◽  
Civil Registration ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Right

The article is devoted to the study of the procedure for providing additional social leave to single mothers. The legislation of Ukraine, judicial practice on the provision of additional social leave are analyzed. Applied mainly hermeneutic research method. It is concluded that the absence of a legislative settlement, the concept of “single mother” and a clear list of documents confirming this fact, especially in the case when the mother brings up a child without a father (divorced woman) leads to the ambiguous application of Art. 19 of the Law of Ukraine “On Vacations” in practice. In order to support motherhood and childhood and the effective exercise of the right to additional social leave, it is necessary to improve the legislation of Ukraine in this area. On the feasibility of improving the legal regulation of the status of “single mother” and fixing the list of documents confirming the status of “single mother” to provide additional social leave. When granting additional social leave to single mother (divorced woman), the employer is entitled to require, in addition to the application for granting this leave, copies of the birth certificate and the marriage dissolution, a document (s) confirming with sufficient certainty the absence of the father in the upbringing of the child, : certificate of registration of residence or residence; an act drawn up by a social and community commission established by a primary trade union organization or by any other commission formed at an enterprise, institution, organization. In controversial matters – the court’s decision on deprivation of parental rights; about establishing the fact of “single mother”; a court order or an investigator’s decision to search his father in a claim for alimony. A woman who has remarried but has not adopted a new husband from her first marriage has to produce a document confirming that the child’s father is not taking part in her upbringing, and a certificate from the civil registration authority, that the baby was not adopted by the new husband. If a widow or divorced child raising a child without a father (in the event of his or her parental rights being deprived), has remarried to another man and has not been adopted by his or her child from the first marriage, she is entitled to an additional social leave as a single mother. A woman who has children from a person with whom she has not been and who is not married, but with whom she co-operates, cohabitates and raises children, does not have the right to receive additional social leave as a single mother. The legislative level does not provide for the periodicity with which an employee must re-submit documents (renew them) to confirm the right to additional social leave. However, the Ministry of Social Policy regarding documents to confirm the right to such leave on the basis of “single mother” indicates: the employer has the right to request the renewal of these documents once a year. Key words: single mother, additional social leave.

scholarly journals THE GREAT MOVE TOWARDS OPENNESS IN ADOPTION

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Da Rocha
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Adoptive Parents ◽  
Adoptive Parent ◽  
Adoption Process ◽  
Adopted Child ◽  
Major Step ◽  
Birth Parents ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
The Right

Many noteworthy changes have occurred in South African adoption law in the recent past: With the enactment of the Children’s Act, various new concepts have been provided for. A post-adoption agreement is one such concept. This provision allows the Children’s Court to grant an order confirming an agreement whereby the biological parent/s or guardian/s of a child would have the benefit of either communication or contact with the adopted child, or the right to be provided with certain information concerning such child. An application for judicial approval of a post-adoption agreement is brought before the court simultaneously alongside the adoption order. This is a major step towards the concept widely known in the international community as ‘openness’ in the adoption process, and away from the secrecy which dominated adoptions in the past. Currently in South Africa, adoption may be described as an ‘... order [which] has the effect of creating a legal relationship between the adoptive parent and the adopted child in the interests of the child.’ This involves the severing of legal ties between the birth parents and their child, relinquishing all parental rights and responsibilities and handing them over to the adoptive parents. Therefore in the eyes of the law, the adopted child is, for all purposes, the child of the adoptive parent/s. Due to the fact that this is the first time the South African legislature has sought to provide for and regulate post-adoption contact, this article serves as an exploration into the new possibilities and struggles South Africa may face in this regard.

scholarly journals “Who you are in these pieces of paper”: Imagining Future Kinship through Auto/Biographical Adoption Documents in the United States

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn A. Mariner
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Adoption Process ◽  
Parental Rights ◽  
Adoptive Family ◽  
Time Processing ◽  
Birth Parent ◽  
Ethnographic Fieldwork ◽  
Future Narratives ◽  
The Relationship

At First Steps, a small private adoption agency outside Chicago, social workers spent more time processing paperwork than interacting with clients. In addition to mediating the relationship between individuals and the bureaucratic adoption apparatus, these documents created anticipatory (p)re-kinned subjectivities. Based on ethnographic fieldwork carried out between 2009 and 2016, this article examines the completion and circulation of two different forms of auto/biographical documentation during the adoption process: the birth parent file and the adoptive family profile. These documents played a vital role in the adoption process by simultaneously enabling the creation and dissolution of kinship, through the folding of past, present, and future narratives and possibilities into adoption knowledge and decision making. Aided by the documentary termination of birth parental rights and the imagination of visual and narrative adoptive futures, domestic adoption legally split biological kinship from social kinship, rendering the former past and the latter present/future.

scholarly journals Pelaksanaan Penerbitan Catatan Pinggir Pada Akta Kelahiran Sebagai Akibat Pengangkatan Anak dan Akibat Hukumnya

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 243
Author(s):  
Prabowo Setyo Aji
Keyword(s):  
Birth Certificate ◽  
Adoptive Parents ◽  
District Court ◽  
Adopted Children ◽  
Adopted Child ◽  
Civil Registration ◽  
Child Adoption ◽  
The Right ◽  
Legal Consequences

<p>Seiring dengan perkembangan zaman, pengangkatan anak menjadi suatu kebutuhan dalam masyarakat. Khususnya bagi pasangan suami istri yang belum dikaruniai anak. Selain itu faktor ekonomi dan faktor kepercayaan lainnya juga menjadi penyebab dilakukannya pengangkatan anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor apa saja yang mempengaruhi seseorang atau keluarga dalam melakukan pengangkatan anak di Kabupaten Pemalang yang terjadi selama tahun 2012, bagaimana prosedur serta pelaksanaan penerbitan catatan pinggir pada akta kelahiran terhadap pengangkatan anak dan apa akibat hukum yang ditimbulkan bagi orang tua maupun anak angkat pasca penerbitan catatan pinggir pada akta kelahiran terhadap pengangkatan anak. Jenis penelitian yang di gunakan adalah yuridis sosiologis. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa faktor pendorong yang sering melatarbelakangi masyarakat dalam melakukan pengangkatan anak adalah untuk meneruskan keturunan. Pelaksanaan pengangkatan anak di Kabupaten Pemalang berdasarkan perundang-undangan dimulai dari Dinas Sosial setempat, kemudian tahap selanjutnya yaitu mengajukan permohonan penetapan pengangkatan anak kepada Pengadilan Negeri maupun Pengadilan Agama. Setelah penetapan pengangkatan anak dikabulkan kemudian pemohon segera melaporkan kepada Dinas Kependudukan dan Pencatatan Sipil untuk dibuat catatan pinggir pada akta kelahiran anak yang diangkat sebagai wujud pencatatan peristiwa penting pada administrasi kependudukan. Akibat hukum yang timbul dari peristiwa pengangkatan anak yakni beralihnya hak dan kewajiban orang tua kandung kepada orang tua angkat terhadap anak yang diangkat. Jika penetapan pengangkatan anak dikabulkan oleh Pengadilan Negeri, maka anak angkat tersebut mendapatkan hak sebagaimana ia anak kandung, namun jika penetapan pengangkatan anak dikabulkan oleh Pengadilan Agama, maka anak angkat tersebut hanya memiliki hak berupa wasiat wajibah.</p><p><br /><em>Along with the times, adoption becomes a necessity in society, especially for couples who have not been blessed with children. In addition to economic factors and other trust factors also cause does adoption. This study aimed to analyze the factors that influence a person or family in doing adoptions in Pemalang, Central Java that occurred during the year 2012, what is the procedure and implementation of the issuance of the marginal note on the birth certificate of the child adoption and what legal consequences arising for parents and adopted children after publishing a sidenote on the birth certificate of the child adoption. This type of research that is in use is the socio-juridical . The results of this study indicate that the drivers are often behind the adoption community in doing is to continue the descent. Implementation of adoption in Pemalang based legislation starts from the local Social Service. The next step is to apply for the determination of adoption to the District Court and Religious Court. After determination of adoption is granted then the applicant immediately report to the Department of Population and Civil Registration to be made marginal notes on the adopted child’s birth certificate as a form of recording important events in the population administration. Legal consequences arising from the transfer of the events of adoption rights and obligations of the biological parents to the adoptive parents of the adopted child. If the determination of adoption is granted by the District Court, the adopted child is getting the right as he is the biological child, but if the determination of adoption is granted by the Religious Courts, the adopted child only has the right form was borrowed.</em></p>

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