Memahami Konsep Restorative Justice sebagai Upaya Sistem Peradilan Pidana Menggapai Keadilan

Memahami kembali konsep restorative justice atau keadilan restoratif sebagai upaya sistem peradilan pidana dalam menggapai keadilan adalah penting. Hal ini disebabkan sistem peradilan pidana konvensional sebagian besar berfokus pada penerapan hukum, menilai kesalahan dan memberikan hukuman. Sebaliknya, keadilan restoratif adalah pendekatan terhadap kejahatan yang berfokus pada upaya untuk memperbaiki kerusakan yang terjadi dengan melibatkan mereka yang telah terkena dampak. Memahami kejahatan tidak hanya sebagai pelanggaran hukum yang membutuhkan kecaman publik, tetapi juga sebagai cedera pada orang-orang yang terlibat dan hubungan yang membutuhkan penyembuhan. Mereka jangan dibiarkan dengan berbagai kebutuhan fisik, emosional, psikologis, spiritual dan material nya, dan apa yang disebut 'kebutuhan keadilan' ini harus diatasi jika mereka ingin merasa bahwa keadilan telah diupayakan.. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami kembali konsep restorative justice atau keadilan restoratif sebagai upaya sistem peradilan pidana dalam menggapai keadilan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum dengan menggunakan pendekatan konseptual, sejarah serta peraturan perundang-undangan. Dari penelitian ini dapat diketahui bahwa keadilan restoratifyang mengacu pada cara menanggapi kejahatan, atau jenis kesalahan lainnya, ketidakadilan atau konflik, yang berfokus terutama pada perbaikan kerusakan yang disebabkan oleh tindakan yang salah dan memulihkan sejauh mungkin, kesejahteraan semua pihak yang terlibat. Ini mencerminkan teori keadilan yang lebih relasional karena menekankan pemulihan rasa hormat, kesetaraan, dan martabat terhadap hubungan yang dipengaruhi oleh kesalahan.Understanding the concept of restorative justice as an effort of the criminal justice system in achieving justice is important. This is due to the fact that the conventional criminal justice system focuses mostly on the application of the law, evaluating errors and providing penalties. In contrast, restorative justice is an approach to crime that focuses on efforts to repair the damage done by involving those who have been affected. Understanding crime is not only a violation of the law that requires public condemnation, but also as an injury to the people involved and relationships that need healing. They should not be left with various physical, emotional, psychological, spiritual and material needs, and so-called 'justice needs' must be addressed if they want to feel that justice has been pursued. This research aims to re-understand the concept of restorative justice or restorative justice as an effort of the criminal justice system in achieving justice. This research is a legal study using a conceptual, historical and statutory approach. From this research it can be seen that restorative justice refers to how to respond to crime, or other types of mistakes, injustices or conflicts, which focus primarily on repairing the damage caused by wrong actions and restoring as far as possible, the welfare of all parties involved. This reflects a more relational theory of justice because it emphasizes restoring respect, equality, and dignity for relationships that are affected by mistakes.

Kebijakan Hukum Pidana Dibidang Transaksi Elektronik Sebagai Tindak Pidana Non-Konvensional

The development and progress of electronic transactions has resulted in changes in the activities of human life in various fields which have directly given rise to new forms of legal action that require Indonesia to form arrangements regarding electronic transaction management. The purpose of this study is to find out the background of the birth of criminal law policies regarding electronic transactions and to find out the formulation of criminal acts regarding electronic transactions in Law Number 19 of 2019 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions. The results of this study indicate that the background of the birth of the criminal law policy in the field of electronic transactions is the development of crime through electronic systems in society. Although crime through an electronic system is virtual, it can be categorized as a real legal act or action. Juridically, legal actions in this cyber space are regulated in the ITE Law. This ITE Law is an absolute legal approach to safeguard security in cyberspace and produce legal certainty on technology utilization issues.

Hak Perempuan dan Kesetaraan Gender dalam Perspektif Filsafat Hukum

This paper focuses on the origin and development of women’s rights and the principle of gender equality in the perspective of legal philosophy.Women's rights as part of Human Rights were born and developed from thoughts about the importance of protecting and fulfilling the rights of women who belong to vulnerable groups and also to ensure gender equality.Although it has been accommodated in various national and international legal instruments, de facto fulfillment of women's rights must still be ensured by each country.Fulfillment of women's rights in the perspective of legal philosophy seeks to obtain justice as the highest goal of the law itself and ensure the realization of the principle of equality before the law.

Perlindungan Hukum dan Pemenuhan Hak Pekerja pada Program Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional

Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial (BPJS) berlaku pada tahun 2014, namun sampai saat ini masih banyak pemberi kerja dan pekerja yang kurang paham dengan program yang diselenggarakan BPJS Kesehatan, dan penerapannya masih belum dikategorikan optimal. Hal yang menarik dianalisis adalah Pertama, bentuk perlindungan pekerja dalam program Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) dan Kedua, persoalan dalam penerapannya. Tulisan ini menggunakan jenis penelitian Yuridis Normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan analisis serta dianalisis secara normatif kualitatif. Dalam tulisan ini diketahui terdapat perubahan dari program Jaminan Sosial Tenaga Kerja (Jamsostek) ke BPJS kesehatan yang berimplikasi penerapan jaminan dan pelayanan kesehatan bagi pekerja. BPJS membuat prosedur yang dapat meningkatkan keterjangkauan peserta pekerja terhadap pelayanan kesehatan secara berjenjang dari fasilitas pelayanan Kesehatan (fasyankes) tingkat pertama ke tingkat lanjut. Terlepas dari hal tersebut, terdapat beberapa persoalan hukum dalam penerapan program JKN meliputi persoalan dari aspek kepesertaan, penggunaan kartu kesehatan dan jaminan pelayanan kesehatan. Social Security Administrative Bodies (referred as BPJS) established in 2014, but until now there are still many employers and workers who are not aware of the programs held by BPJS Kesehatan, moreover the implementation was still not optimal. The problems studied were first, the form of worker protection in the National Health Insurance program and second, legal issues in its implementation. This manuscript used Normative Juridical research with statute approach, analytical approach and qualitative analysis method. In this manuscript, it known that there is a change from the Workers’ Social Security program to BPJS Kesehatan which has implications for the implementation of health insurance and services for workers. After the enactment of the BPJS Law, there are protection scheme for health insurance for both formal and informal workers. In addition, the BPJS provides a mechanism that can increase the affordability of workers to tiered health services from the first level to the advanced level. Meanwhile, there are several obstacles in the implementation of the Social Security program which include constraints on the aspects of participation, use of health cards and health service guarantees.

Ambiguitas Hasil Pemantauan dan Evaluasi Dewan Perwakilan Daerah terhadap Rancangan Peraturan Daerah dan Peraturan Daerah

Dewan Perwakilan Daerah merupakan lembaga yang dalam pembentukaannya untuk mewakili kepentingan daerah. Tugas dan kewenangan Dewan Perwakilan Daerah diatur dalam Pasal 22 D ayat (1), (2), (3) Undang-Undang Dasar Negara RI Tahun 1945. Tugas dan kewenangan tersebut dijabarkan dalam berbagai peraturan perundang-undangan, salah satunya Undang-Undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2018 tentang perubahan kedua atas Undang-Undang Nomor 17 Tahun 2014 tentang MPR, DPR, DPD dan DPRD. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hasil pemantauan dan evaluasi DPD terhadap rancangan peraturan daerah dan peraturan daerah, sebagaimana tercantum dalam Pasal 249 ayat (1) huruf j Undang-Undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2018. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode yuridis normatif karena bahan hukum perimer yang digunakan adalah peraturan perundang-undangan serta bahan hukum sekundernya adalah literatur dari jurnal dan buku yang berkaitan dengan permasalahan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kewenangan tersebut masih terdapat dualisme karena eksekutif juga memiliki kewenangan untuk memantau dan mengevaluasi rancangan peraturan daerah atau biasa disebut eksekutif preview. Kewenangan yang dimiliki DPD Pasal 249 ayat (1) huruf j Undang-Undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2018 belum memiliki kejelasan mekanisme yang dilaksanakan sehingga menimbulkan ambiguitas dalam pelaksanannya. Untuk memperkuat kejelasan secara yuridis diperlukan perubahan terhadap Undang-Undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2018 dan Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2014 tentang Pemerintahan Daerah. Regional Representative Council is an institution in its formation to represent regional intersests. The duties and authorities of the Regional Representative Council are regulated in Article 22 D paragraph (1), (2), (3) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic Indonesia.these duties and authorities are spelled out in various laws and regulations, one of which is law number 2 of 2018 concerning second amendment to law number 17 if 2014 concerning MPR, DPR, DPD and DPRD. This study aims to analyze the results of DPD monitoring and evaluation of the draft regional regulations and regional regulations, as stated in Articele 249 paragraph (1) letter J of Law Number 2 of 2018. The study was conducted using normative juridicial method because the primer legal material used was legislation and the secondary legal material was literature from journals and books relating on the problem. The results of the study showed that the authority still contained dualism because the executive also had the authority to monitor and evaluate the draft regional regulation or commonly called an executive preview. The authority possessed by DPD Article 249 paragraph (1) letter J of Law Number 2 of 2018 does not yet have a clear mechanism implemented so as to cause ambiguity in its implementation. To strengthen juridicial clarity, it is necessary to amend Law Number 2 of 2018 and Law Number 23 of 2014 concerning Regional Government.

Efektifitas Metode Musyawarah Mufakat Diversi terhadap Penyelesaian Perkara Anak Berkonflik dengan Hukum

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis metode musyawarah mufakat sebagai implementasi diversi dalam penyelesaian kasus anak berkonflik dengan hukum. Artikel ini berargumen bahwa metode musyawarah mufakat lebih efektif digunakan sebagai metode diversi dalam menyelesaikan kasus anak pelaku kejahatan. Metode musyawarah mufakat memberikan solusi yang tepat dan biaya yang ringan serta mampu memberikan keadilan seimbang karena proses/prosedur pelaksanaannya tidak serumit model institusional hukum formal yang ditentukan dalam peraturan diversi dalam Undang-Undang Sistem Peradilan Anak. Model diversi yang diatur dalam ini lebih rigid, formal dan kurang akomodatif terhadap keinginan para pihak. Metode musyawarah mufakat lebih memberikan keadilan subtantif dibandingkan dengan model diversi secara institusional yang cenderung memberikan keadilan formal prosedural. This study aims to analyze the consensus method as a practical implementation in the use of diversion in the resolution of cases of children who are dealing with the law. This article argues that the consensus method is more effectively used as a diversion method in resolving cases of crime-harassed children. The consensus agreement method provides the right solution and low cost and is able to provide balanced justice because the process / procedure for its implementation is not as complex as the formal legal institutional model specified in the diversionary rules in the Juvenile Justice System Law. The diversion model regulated in this law is more rigid, formal and less accommodating to the wishes of the parties. In addition, the consensus method of giving more substantive justice than the institutional diversion model which tends to provide procedural formal justice.

Pengarusutamaan Gender Krama Istri (Warga Perempuan) dalam Hukum Adat Bali

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis bahwa hampir 30 persen daerah di Provinsi Bali, seperti di Kabupaten Buleleng belum mencantumkan dalam awig-awid desa adat mengenai kedudukan dan status perempuan sebagai krama istri terhadap perempuan Bali yang mengalami perceraian dari perkawinan campuran. Merespon permasalahan tersebut, dalam melindungi hak perempuan dan kewajibannya sebagai krama desa melalui paruman desa adat dirancang sebuah kebijakan adat. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian yuridis empiris. Pendekatan perundang-undangan, dan pendekatan studi kasus. Perempuan dalam Hukum Adat Bali yang mengalami perceraian dari perkawinan campuran, belum mendapat perlindungan hukum dalam mulih deha dan mewidesa. Adopsi hak-hak perempuan mulih deha selaras dengan Keputusan MDP Nomor: 01/KEP/PSM-3/MDP Bali/X/2010 mengandung unsur responsif gender. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Permasalahan terkait dengan jaminan perlindungan hukum negara terhadap warga negara yaitu perempuan Bali berkenaan akibat hukum perceraian dari perkawinan campuran. This study aims to analyze that almost 30 percent of regions in Bali Province, such as in the Buleleng Regency have not included in the awig-awid traditional villages regarding the position and status of women as manners of wives towards Balinese women who experience divorce from mixed marriages. Responding to these problems, in protecting the rights of women and their obligations as a village manners through traditional village paruman designed a customary policy. The research method used is empirical juridical research. The statute approach, and the case study approach. Women in Balinese Customary Law who experience divorce from mixed marriages, have not received legal protection in terms of deha and mendidea. Adoption of women’s rights is in harmony with MDP Decree Number: 01 / KEP / PSM-3 / MDP Bali / X / 2010 containing gender responsive elements. The results of the study show that the problem is related to the guarantee of state legal protection for citizens, namely Balinese women due to the divorce law from Mixed Marriage.

Pencegahan Korupsi Melalui Pencabutan Hak Politik Sebuah Telaah dari Perspektif Pembaruan Hukum Pidana Indonesia

Tindak pidana korupsi banyak terjadi akibat penyalahgunaan kekuasaan yang dilakukan oleh pejabat publik, diantaranya kepala daerah Upaya pemberantasan korupsi banyak dilakukan dengan preventif dan represif. Salah satu upaya preventif yang dilakukan adalah dengan memberikan larangan mantan terpidana mencalonkan diri dalam kontes pemilihan umum yang tujuannya untuk mencari pemimpin yang berkualitas. Namun pasca putusan MK Nomor 71/PUU-XIV/2016 mennggambarkan penurunan atau pelemahan pencegahan korupsi di Indonesia. Penulisan ini bertujuan untuk menemkan dasar akademis pentingnya pencegahan korupsi melalui pembatasan sesorang mencalonkan diri dalam jabatan publik. Diperoleh kesimpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu Putusan MK tersebut membuka peluang bagi mantan terpidana korupsi untuk mencalonkan diri. Sehingga sanksi pencabutan hak politik bagi terpidana korupsi yang menjalani sanksi penjara di bawah lima tahun perlu diprioritaskan untuk dijatuhkan. Sinergitas antara dua mekanisme tersebut, diperlukan guna mewujudkan cita-cita pemerintahan yang baik dan bersih, yang berkeadilan sosial. Corruption crimes occurred due to the misuse of power carried out by public officials, among them the regional head of anti-corruption efforts are carried out with preventive and repressive. One of the preventive efforts undertaken is to provide a former criminal ban to run for a general election contest whose goal is to find a qualified leader. However, after the decision of MK No. 71/PUU-XIV/2016, he described the decline or weakening of corruption prevention in Indonesia. This writing aims to accompany the academic basis of the importance of the prevention of corruption through the restriction of a person running in public office. Derived by the conclusion of this research, the COURT award opens an opportunity for former convicted corruption to run. Thus, the sanction of political Rights for criminal corruption under five years of imprisonment must be prioritized to be dropped. Synergity between the two mechanisms, necessary to realize the ideals of good and clean government, the social justice.

Are BUMN/State-Owned Enterprises (SOES) Hybrid Organizations?

The organization is now well developed. The organization does not only consist of public and private organizations, but also mixed organizations (hybrid organizations). And it’s influence to the organizations of State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs) as stated in the legal considerations of Constitutional Court (MK) Decision Nr. 48 and 62 / PUU-XI /2013 that exclaims that SOEs are private legal entities that carry out public duties. Referring to this matter, (a) elements of hybridity in SOEs, (b) benefits and risks in the form of hybrid SOE organizations, (c) the concept of hybridity in increasing the achievements of SOE objectives. By using an analytical approach and legislation results that based on the characteristics of BUMNs are categorized as hybrid organizations. As a hybrid organization has benefits and risks as a result of the influence of the public and private elements. The greatness of the benefits and risks of hybrid organizations is inversely proportional to the size comparison of public and private elements. The hybrid concept at Perum (Public Company) which aims for public benefit is a balanced public element with a private element. Whereas for Persero (State Company) that has commercial aims, the private element must be more dominant to create flexibility that drives the development of the Company. It is recommended that the concept of hybridity in SOEs must be adapted to the form of the company and the objectives of the company.

Urgensi Kebijakan Penyelenggaraan Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Daerah dalam Mewujudkan Kesejahteraan Perempuan

Partisipasi perempuan dalam pengambilan kebijakan Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Daerah (APBD) di Kabupaten Sekadau Provinsi Kalimantan Barat masih terbatas, hal ini terlihat pada rendahnya tingkat kesejahteraan perempuan seperti akses dalam bidang pendidikan dan kesehatan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan memahami tentang urgensi kebijakan penyelenggaraan APBD berbasis Anggaran Responsif Gender (ARG) di Kabupaten Sekadau Provinsi Kalimantan Barat dalam rangka mewujudkan kesejahteraan perempuan. Penelitian merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan yuridis normatif dan disajikan dalam bentuk deskriptif-analitis. Penerapan ARG pada kebijakan penyelenggaraan APBD, menjadikan anggaran lebih efektif dan efisien, serta sebagai perwujudan dari good governance dalam penyelenggaraan anggaran daerah. ARG merupakan hasil dari penerapan Gender Analysis Pathway (GAP) disetiap dokumen penganggaran. Women’s participation for policy making of Local Government Budget (APBD) in Sekadau Regency, West Kalimantan Province is limited, it can be seen in the low level of the women’s welfare such as access for education and health. The purpose of this study is to know and understand the urgency of the implementation of the APBDbased on the Gender Responsive Budget (ARG) in Sekadau Regency, West Kalimantan Province in order to realize women’s welfare. The research method used is a qualitative method with a normative juridical approach and is presented in a descriptive-analytical form. This research belongs to the tradition of qualitative research with a social legal approach. The application of ARG to the policy of administering the APBD, makes the budget more effective and efficient, as well as the realization of good governance in the implementation of regional budgets. ARG is the result of implementing Gender Analysis Pathway (GAP) in each budgeting document.