REDUCTION OF MATERNAL-INFANT TRANSMISSION OF HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS TYPE I WITH ZIDOVUDINE TREATMENT

Zidovudine, given in the regimen described above, significantly reduced the risk of maternal-infant HIV transmission in pregnant women with mildly symptomatic HIV disease and no prior treatment with antiretroviral drugs during pregnancy, with few short-term side effects of therapy.

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COMPARATIVE TRENDS OF SEROPREVALENCE AND SEROINCIDENCE RATES OF HUMAN T CELL LYMPHOTROPIC VIRUS TYPE I AND HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS 1 IN PREGNANT WOMEN OF VARIOUS ETHNIC GROUPS SHARING THE SAME ENVIRONMENT IN FRENCH GUIANA

American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene ◽

10.4269/ajtmh.2005.73.560 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 73 (3) ◽

pp. 560-565 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

PATRICIA TORTEVOYE ◽

CHRISTIAN PENEAU ◽

ANTOINE GESSAIN ◽

PHILIPPE TUPPIN ◽

GABRIEL CARLES

Keyword(s):

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

T Cell ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Ethnic Groups ◽

Virus Type ◽

French Guiana ◽

Type I ◽

Human T Cell ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1

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Initial Multicenter Experience With Double Nucleoside Therapy for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection During Pregnancy

Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.1155/s1064744998000490 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 6 (6) ◽

pp. 237-243 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

N. S. Silverman ◽

D. H. Watts ◽

J. Hitti ◽

D. M. Money ◽

E. Livingston ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Side Effects ◽

Liver Function ◽

Hiv Infection ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Nucleoside Analogs ◽

The United States ◽

Outcome Data ◽

Nucleoside Analog ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus

Objective:To study maternal and neonatal effects of combination nucleoside analog therapy administered to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected pregnant women for maternal indications.Methods:A multicenter, prospective observational study was undertaken at six perinatal centers in the United States and Canada that supported regional referral programs for the treatment of HIV-infected pregnant women. Demographic, laboratory, and pregnancy outcome data were collected for 39 women whose antiretroviral treatment regimens were expanded to include more than one nucleoside analog for maternal indications. The 40 newborns were monitored at pediatric referral centers through at least three months of age to ascertain their HIV infection status.Results:For all 39 women, zidovudine (ZDV) therapy was instituted at 13.4 ± 8.2 weeks, with a second agent (lamivudine [3TC] in 85% of cases) being added at a mean gestational age of 17.6 weeks. Duration of therapy with two agents was 20.6±10.4 weeks overall, with no women stopping medications because of side effects or toxicity. No significant changes in maternal laboratory values were seen, except for an increase in mean corpuscular volume, over the course of pregnancy. No clinically significant adverse neonatal outcomes were noted, with all but the three preterm newborns leaving hospital with their mothers. Neonatal anemia (hematocrit < 50%) was seen in 62% of newborns, with no children needing transfusion; mild elevations of liver function tests, primarily aspartate aminotransferase, were noted in 58% of newborns tested, though none were clinically jaundiced. Overall rate of neonatal HIV infection was 2.5% (95% confidence interval: 0.1–13.2%).Conclusion:Combination antiretroviral therapy during pregnancy with two nucleoside analogs was well-tolerated by mothers and newborns, with no significant short-term toxicities or side effects noted. Surveillance of exposed newborns’ hematologic and liver function appears warranted.

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Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) types Western blot (WB) band profiles as potential surrogate markers of HIV disease progression and predictors of vertical transmission in a cohort of infected but antiretroviral therapy naïve pregnant women in Harare, Zimbabwe

BMC Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1186/1471-2334-11-7 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Kerina Duri ◽

Fredrik Müller ◽

Felicity Z Gumbo ◽

Nyaradzai E Kurewa ◽

Simba Rusakaniko ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Antiretroviral Therapy ◽

Western Blot ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Disease Progression ◽

Vertical Transmission ◽

Surrogate Markers ◽

Hiv Disease ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus

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Spatial analysis of infection by the human immunodeficiency virus among pregnant women

Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem ◽

10.1590/0104-1169.0481.2574 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 441-449 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Eliane Rolim de Holanda ◽

Marli Teresinha Gimeniz Galvão ◽

Nathália Lima Pedrosa ◽

Simone de Sousa Paiva ◽

Rosa Lívia Freitas de Almeida

Keyword(s):

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Spatial Analysis ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Hiv Transmission ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Disease Notification ◽

Notification System ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

The City

OBJECTIVES: to analyze the spatial distribution of reported cases of pregnant women infected by the human immunodeficiency virus and to identify the urban areas with greater social vulnerability to the infection among pregnant women.METHOD: ecological study, developed by means of spatial analysis techniques of area data. Secondary data were used from the Brazilian National Disease Notification System for the city of Recife, Pernambuco. Birth data were obtained from the Brazilian Information System on Live Births and socioeconomic data from the 2010 Demographic Census.RESULTS: the presence of spatial self-correlation was verified. Moran's Index was significant for the distribution. Clusters were identified, considered as high-risk areas, located in grouped neighborhoods, with equally high infection rates among pregnant women. A neighborhood located in the Northwest of the city was distinguished, considered in an epidemiological transition phase.CONCLUSION: precarious living conditions, as evidenced by the indicators illiteracy, absence of prenatal care and poverty, were relevant for the risk of vertical HIV transmission, converging to the grouping of cases among disadvantaged regions.

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Importance of Prospective Studies in Pregnant and Breastfeeding Women Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Clinical Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/cid/ciz121 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 69 (7) ◽

pp. 1254-1258 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Angela Colbers ◽

Mark Mirochnick ◽

Stein Schalkwijk ◽

Martina Penazzato ◽

Claire Townsend ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Clinical Care ◽

Antiretroviral Drugs ◽

New Drugs ◽

European Medicines Agency ◽

Controlled Clinical Trial ◽

Women Living With Hiv ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Living With Hiv

Abstract Recently, the US Food and Drug Administration and European Medicines Agency issued warnings on the use of dolutegravir and darunavir/cobicistat for treatment of pregnant women living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). It took 3–5 years to identify the risks associated with the use of these antiretroviral drugs, during which time pregnant women were exposed to these drugs in clinical care, outside of controlled clinical trial settings. Across all antiretroviral drugs, the interval between registration of new drugs and first data on pharmacokinetics and safety in pregnancy becoming available is around 6 years. In this viewpoint, we provide considerations for clinical pharmacology research to provide safe and effective treatment of pregnant and breastfeeding women living with HIV and their children. These recommendations will lead to timelier availability of safety and pharmacokinetic information needed to develop safe treatment strategies for pregnant and breastfeeding women living with HIV, and are applicable to other chronic disease areas requiring medication during pregnancy.

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Evaluation of IGF-2/ApaI polymorphism in pregnant women infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 taking antiretroviral drugs

Growth Hormone & IGF Research ◽

10.1016/j.ghir.2009.05.003 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 19 (6) ◽

pp. 513-516

Author(s):

Alessandra C. Marcolin ◽

Geraldo Duarte ◽

Silvana M. Quintana ◽

Francielle M. Araújo ◽

Patrícia El Beitune ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽

Virus Type ◽

Antiretroviral Drugs ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Apai Polymorphism

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CD4+ T cells spontaneously producing human immunodeficiency virus type I in breast milk from women with or without antiretroviral drugs

Retrovirology ◽

10.1186/1742-4690-8-34 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 34 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

Diane Valea ◽

Edouard Tuaillon ◽

Yassine Al Tabaa ◽

François Rouet ◽

Pierre-Alain Rubbo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

T Cells ◽

Breast Milk ◽

Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽

Virus Type ◽

Cd4 T Cells ◽

Antiretroviral Drugs ◽

Type I ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus

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Short-Term Effect of Zidovudine on Plasma and Genital Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 and Viral Turnover in These Compartments

Journal of Virology ◽

10.1128/jvi.77.13.7702-7705.2003 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 77 (13) ◽

pp. 7702-7705 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Dorothy Mbori-Ngacha ◽

Barbra A. Richardson ◽

Julie Overbaugh ◽

Dana DeVange Panteleeff ◽

Ruth Nduati ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽

Virus Type ◽

Term Effect ◽

Short Term ◽

Short Term Effect ◽

Zidovudine Treatment ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Hiv 1

ABSTRACT The effect of zidovudine on plasma and genital human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) was determined in 42 antiretroviral-naive HIV-1-seropositive women in Nairobi. After 7 days of zidovudine treatment, HIV-1 RNA levels decreased by 0.5 to 1.1 log10 in plasma and genital secretions. HIV-1 RNA half-life following zidovudine treatment was 4.7, 1.3, and 0.9 days in plasma, cervix, and vagina, respectively, and significantly shorter in genital secretions than in plasma (P < 0.001). Defining the short-term effect of zidovudine on plasma and genital HIV-1 is important for improving perinatal HIV-1 interventions.

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