scholarly journals About some changes in the material culture of the modern urban population of Azerbaijan (based on materials from the city of Sumgayit)

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 105-113
Author(s):  
Sevda Amirshakhova
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Urban Housing ◽  
Ethnic Culture ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Interior Decoration ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Color Scheme ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
The City

The article is devoted to the changes taking place in the field of ethnic culture in the cities of Azerbaijan on the example of the city of Sumgait. In cities, social and cultural processes are more intense than in villages. As a result of constant migration processes in cities, different cultures and ways of life come into interaction with each other, sometimes conflict, and in many cases assimilate. As a result of these processes, a specific lifestyle is formed that is characteristic of each city and is determined by the ethnic culture of its main population. The main objective of the study is to identify ethnocultural changes taking place in the lifestyle and material culture of the population of Sumgait, the second largest and industrial city of Azerbaijan. As the results of the survey of urban housing in Sumgayit show, despite the standardized appearance of modern city apartments, local ethnocultural features are preserved in the subject environment, structure and color scheme of the interiors. The study suggests that, despite the intense interaction between the various sociocultural groups that made up the population of Sumgayit, at present the city has not formed common stereotypes of urban culture and lifestyle typical for the whole city. In this regard, the interior decoration of residential buildings often does not correspond to the characteristics and traditional ideas of different population groups. It was found that the interior of the apartments as a whole and their specific ethnic characteristics often depend on the type of housing. The study suggests that the popular culture, which is rapidly spreading in Sumgait and in Azerbaijan as a whole, determines the spread of a globalized, mainly Western way of life and modern stereotypes of behavior.

scholarly journals Architectural Objects and Public Spaces Connected with Industry. A Contribution to the Discussion on Artistic and Aesthetic Values

2017 ◽  
pp. 41-51
Author(s):  
Ewa Waryś
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City ◽  
Aesthetic Values

The article presents the contemporary cultural landscape of the historical workers’ settlements, located within the current administrative boundaries of the city of Katowice. Selected building complexes are standardized in terms of typology and building design, but differ in terms of the conservation status and forms of protection. The aim of the discussion is to show the relationship between the artistic and architectural aesthetics and public spaces related to the industry. The subject matter is an attempt to draw attention to the problem of the conservation status of most parts of the historical complexes of residential buildings in Upper Silesia, their untapped potential and declining values.

The new Basrah Museum: dedicated to the archaeological and historical inheritance of Basrah and Iraq

Antiquity ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 93 (369) ◽  
pp. 811-813
Author(s):  
Adil Hashim Ali
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Gulf Coast ◽  
Arabian Gulf ◽  
Fertile Crescent ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Rich ◽  
A Site ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
The City

Located in the Fertile Crescent and at the head of the Persian/Arabian Gulf, the city of Basra is steeped in history. Close to the heart of ancient Mesopotamia, the territory of modern Iraq was occupied variously by Achaemenids and Seleucids, Parthians, Romans and Sassanids, before the arrival of Islam in the early middle ages. In more recent history, the city's strategic position near the Gulf coast has made Basra a site of contestation and conflict. This exposure to so many different cultures and civilisations has contributed to the rich identity of Basra, a wealth of history that demands a cultural museum able to present all of the historical periods together in one place. The original Basra Museum was looted and destroyed in 1991, during the first Gulf War. The destruction and loss of so much of Iraq's history and material culture prompted official collaboration to build a new museum that would represent the city of Basrah and showcase its significance in the history of Iraq. The culmination of an eight-year collaborative project between the Iraq Ministry of Culture, the State Board of Antiquities and the Friends of Basrah Museum, the new museum was opened initially in September 2016. Already established as a cultural landmark in the city, with up to 200 visitors a day and rising, the museum was officially opened on 20 March 2019. The author was fortunate to be present for this event and able to explore the new galleries (Figure 1).

Seclusion boundaries as interface in contemporary Istanbul housing

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-44
Author(s):  
Canay Tunçer Yıldırım
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Housing ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Housing Projects ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Urban Problems ◽  
The City ◽  
Housing Units

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to test and present the level of introversion/extroversion of the urban housing in Istanbul in three periods – traditional, modern and contemporary. It intends to examine changes in the boundaries between housing and urban environment in the city by evaluating housing interfaces and their components. Design/methodology/approach By adopting literature review, observation and comparison methods, the hypothesis that houses in Istanbul are becoming introvert in contemporary period is stated and tested. The qualifications of housing interfaces and their components are examined in the context of three different periods of housing – traditional, modern and contemporary. Common components of interfaces in all periods are identified and different housing types from all periods are compared accordingly. Findings The results of the comparison made within the study shows that contemporary housing units are much more introvert than previous periods in Istanbul, while housing units of modern period have the most potentiality to be extrovert. It is seen that the analysis method comparing interfacial components and its results are compatible with the hypothesis of the study. Originality/value Considering recent and great number of urban problems in Istanbul, the subject of introversion–extroversion in contemporary urban housing gains importance, which lacks in the literature and needs studying. Introversion of housing units affects both domestic life and their urban environment. Developing contemporary housing projects with a human ecological perspective would cure both interior and exterior of urban boundaries.

METHODS FOR ASSESSING THE TRANSPORT AND PEDESTRIAN ACCESSIBILITY OF MULTI-STOREY RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS AND COMPLEXES, AS WELL AS THEIR IMPACT ON THE CITY INFRASTRUCTURE

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-234
Author(s):  
Shtendera A ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Housing Unit ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Transport Mobility ◽  
The City ◽  
Pedestrian Accessibility

The paper focuses on the author's method of assessing pedestrian and transport mobility of residents of modern multi-storey buildings and complexes. The study of transport routes in cities is the subject matter of entire scientific and design institutes, therefore, the method has been designed to make architects, researchers, developers and urban planners aware of a housing unit in terms of its accessibility, as well as to assess its impact on the city.

scholarly journals Knowledge about the gypsy/roma communities in Bulgaria, presented by visual anthropology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Евгения Иванова ◽  
◽  
Велчо Крыстев
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Video Recording ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Visual Anthropology ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Historical Moment ◽  
Global World

The Gypsy/Roma ethnic group has lived in the Balkans for centuries. Gypsies/ Roma turn out to be bearers of a traditional cultural heritage that has long been forgotten by those around them. In our presentation, we look at how authentic knowledge of the Gypsy/Roma community can be the subject of public presentation in museums through the techniques of visual anthropology. Our thesis is that for those studying the Gypsy/Roma ethnic group, which has no writing and written history, visual anthropology is of particular importance as a primary source of knowledge, as a testimony of time. The photos, images, video recording preserve, show and transmit the material culture, traditions and way of life of the different Gypsies/Roma groups, which, together with the common, have very specific group and regional differences. We also ask the question – the historical knowledge about the community created up to which historical moment is authentic, as the culture of the Gypsies/Roma is not static in time, but is influenced by modern forms, typical for today’s global world.

scholarly journals The Early Christian Burial Sites and The Türbe of Idris Baba

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-154
Author(s):  
Róbert Major ◽  
Balázs Kósa ◽  
Tamás Molnár
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Early Christian ◽  
Historical Times ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
The City

Abstract The city of Pécs was already an important commercial and religious centre in ancient times. Because of the city’s location, it has become one of the most important cultural hubs in Central Europe. In Pécs, in various historical times, many different cultures have flourished and one of the most typical imprints of these cultures are cemeteries and burial buildings. The subject of our research is to compare Idris baba’s türbe with another iconic heritage of Pécs, the Early Christian Cemetery, furthermore as an example of this cemetery’s visitor centre, designing a plan that reattaches the neglected Turkish cemetery to the city’s life.

scholarly journals Configuring Taiwan’s Architectural Extensions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Robinson Yang
Keyword(s):  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Martial Law ◽  
Secondary Layer ◽  
History Of ◽  
Architectural Language ◽  
The Government ◽  
The City

<p>Amongst Taipei’s contemporary urban skyline of skyscrapers sits a secondary layer of prolific informal structures latching onto the existing modernist infrastructures of Taiwan, most prominently multistorey residential buildings. These structures resolve the spatial issue of the urban environment on the surface level and communicate a certain expression of Taiwan’s way of life, but just as importantly, they serve as a critique of modernist standards and homogeneous space.  This phenomenon is the result of the absence of planning and declaration of martial law under the KMT’s rule of Taiwan from 1949-1987. During this time, all top-down plans were reduced to one objective—to take over from China and return to the mainland (Illegal Taipei). During this time the government was negligent about these unrestrained developments in the city. In a 2011 exhibition titled “Illegal Architecture” Taiwanese architect, Ying-Chun Hsieh expressed a distinct view of this period. He wrote:  Fortunately, while the government was concentrating itself on regaining the possession of mainland China and on promoting populism, which made it weak, people were given a chance to breathe. Their creativity was released, and fabulous urban life finally arose in Taipei… (Ching-Yueh)  In recent years, the government has had a change of agenda; the demolitions of illegal extensions are now enforced and with it what has come to symbolise a Taiwanese’s way of life informed by decades of creative informal expansions and certain freedoms. Although government regulations emerge from safety concerns, this thesis argues that there is a superior procedure to overcome these issues without altering the culture: to create an architecture that references but does not imitate the context, therefore creating a new architectural language that retains the spirit of context and history of the everyday in Taiwan.</p>

scholarly journals Configuring Taiwan’s Architectural Extensions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Robinson Yang
Keyword(s):  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Martial Law ◽  
Secondary Layer ◽  
History Of ◽  
Architectural Language ◽  
The Government ◽  
The City

<p>Amongst Taipei’s contemporary urban skyline of skyscrapers sits a secondary layer of prolific informal structures latching onto the existing modernist infrastructures of Taiwan, most prominently multistorey residential buildings. These structures resolve the spatial issue of the urban environment on the surface level and communicate a certain expression of Taiwan’s way of life, but just as importantly, they serve as a critique of modernist standards and homogeneous space.  This phenomenon is the result of the absence of planning and declaration of martial law under the KMT’s rule of Taiwan from 1949-1987. During this time, all top-down plans were reduced to one objective—to take over from China and return to the mainland (Illegal Taipei). During this time the government was negligent about these unrestrained developments in the city. In a 2011 exhibition titled “Illegal Architecture” Taiwanese architect, Ying-Chun Hsieh expressed a distinct view of this period. He wrote:  Fortunately, while the government was concentrating itself on regaining the possession of mainland China and on promoting populism, which made it weak, people were given a chance to breathe. Their creativity was released, and fabulous urban life finally arose in Taipei… (Ching-Yueh)  In recent years, the government has had a change of agenda; the demolitions of illegal extensions are now enforced and with it what has come to symbolise a Taiwanese’s way of life informed by decades of creative informal expansions and certain freedoms. Although government regulations emerge from safety concerns, this thesis argues that there is a superior procedure to overcome these issues without altering the culture: to create an architecture that references but does not imitate the context, therefore creating a new architectural language that retains the spirit of context and history of the everyday in Taiwan.</p>

scholarly journals Traffic calming in historic city centres - a case study

2021 ◽  
Vol 1203 (2) ◽  
pp. 022106
Author(s):  
Andrzej Zalewski ◽  
Jacek Chmielewski ◽  
Jan Kempa ◽  
Bertha Santos ◽  
Jorge Gonçalves
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Transport Service ◽  
Traffic Calming ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Historic City ◽  
The City ◽  
City Centres ◽  
Significant Attention

Abstract The aim of the paper is to compare the existing transport service solutions in the city centers of Bydgoszcz (Poland) and Hasselt (Belgium) that use the widely understood idea of calming the movement. The method of elaboration consisted of analyzes of the literature on the subject of the article, analyzes of available documents and local visits. The solution has been operating in Hasselt since September 2018, and in Bydgoszcz also since September, but 2019. Analyzed solutions in terms of traffic calming goals in these areas, implemented principles, methods used and traffic calming measures that are to lead to a consensus between traffic and the accessibility of the area and making centers living areas. The analyzes carried out confirm that the primary effect of leading to obtain areas centers as areas of “livable city" is to eliminate traffic not associated with a given area, the implementation of restrictions on the availability of cars while maintaining accessibility to public and residential buildings and creating preferences in terms of accessibility for pedestrians, bicycles and public transport. In both cities significant attention was paid to shaping public spaces for pedestrians and development of street fronts with facilities for attractive functions for center users and tourists. Analyzed examples of Bydgoszcz and Hasselt show that the implementation of a separated cycling infrastructure in the historic structure of centers is very difficult. For achievement of “livable city", special emphasis is placed on functional solutions and forms of pedestrian areas, taking into account the requirements of conservation protection, aesthetics and road safety.

scholarly journals PROBLEM DOSTĘPNOŚCI TERENÓW ZIELENI W MIEŚCIE NA PRZYKŁADZIE ŁODZI

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 55-70
Author(s):  
Adam Bielecki ◽  
Krzysztof Będkowski
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Significant Part ◽  
Urban Greenery ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Regular Network ◽  
The City ◽  
Official Data

The article is devoted to the subject of urban greenery. The paper attempts to present real green areas and not only those that have such a purpose featuring in lists and registers. The authors also refer to the topic of availability of urban greenery for the residents of the city, taking into account an uneven density of places of residence. The aim of the article is to present the method for assessing the availability of green areas around places of residence, using spatial data showing residential buildings and official data on greenery. The relevant analyses are based on a regular network of squares of 90 m × 90 m. It was found that Łódź is a city with rich greenery resources. However, this judgment needs revising because a significant part of the residents both in their places of residence (R = 50 m) and further surroundings (R = 500 m) do not have access to green areas intended for recreation.

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