scholarly journals DISTRIBUCIÓN ESPACIAL DEL BOSQUE SECO TROPICAL EN EL VALLE DEL CAUCA, COLOMBIA

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 141-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Patricia ALVARADO-SOLANO ◽  
Joel Tupac OTERO OSPINA
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Tropical Dry Forest ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Transition Zones ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Adaptive Mechanisms ◽  
Restoration Strategies ◽  
Valle Del Cauca ◽  
Elevation Model ◽  
Del Rio

<p>En el departamento del Valle del Cauca, la distribución de Bosque Seco Tropical (BsT) se ha asociado al valle geográfico del río Cauca ubicado en la zona plana. Actualmente en esta zona, su cobertura se ha reducido a pocos relictos que se encuentran bajo alguna figura de conservación y mantienen áreas representativas de las formaciones vegetales típicas de este bioma. Este trabajo se enfocó en el reconocimiento de la distribución espacial de formaciones vegetales de BsT en el departamento del Valle del Cauca. Se empleó información cartográfica secundaria para reconocer los biomas, ecosistemas y usos del suelo del área de estudio y en zonas adyacentes del piedemonte y montañas. Un modelo digital de elevaciones fue utilizado para realizar análisis altitudinales. En un sistema de información geográfico se aplicaron técnicas de geoprocesamiento y análisis geoespacial entre la información cartográfica y satelital. Los resultados evidencian que pese al avanzado deterioro de las coberturas de bosque seco en la zona plana, alrededor del 80 % se localiza en ecosistemas de montaña, específicamente en zonas de transición hacia bosques húmedos.  A futuro, el potencial de estas áreas deberá evaluarse en para ser incluidas estrategias de conservación y restauración del bosque seco así como en el diseño de procesos adaptativos frente al cambio climático.</p><p><strong>Spatial Distribution of Tropical Dry Forest in Valle Del Cauca, Colombia</strong></p><p>The distribution of tropical dry forest in the department of Valle del Cauca, has been associated with the geographic Cauca valley. Currently in this area, dry forest coverages has been reduced to a few relicts, which are found under some protection figure and also hold representative areas of the typical vegetation of this biome. This work is focused on the spatial distribution of BsT vegetation formations in the Department of Valle del Cauca. Secondary cartographic information was used to recognize biomes, ecosystems and land uses in the study area and over adjacent areas of the piedmont and mountains. A digital elevation model was used to perform altitudinal analysis. The results showed that despite the high human disturbance of dry forest in the flat area, about 80 % is located in montain ecosystems, specially on transition zones towards humid forests. In the future, the potential of these areas to be included in dry forest conservation and restoration strategies and also adaptive mechanisms in facing climate change should be evaluated.</p>

Influence of DEM spatial resolution on the susceptibility mapping with SHALSTAB in the Rio Garcia hydrographic basin, municipality of Blumenau/SC / Influência de la resolución espacial del MDE en la cartografía de susceptibilidad con SHALSTAB en la cuenca hidrográfica del Río García, municipio de Blumenau/SC

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 1475-1491
Author(s):  
Gisele Marilha Pereira Reginatto ◽  
Regiane Mara Sbroglia ◽  
Camilo Andrade Carreño ◽  
Bianca Rodrigues Schvartz ◽  
Pâmela Betiatto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Digital Elevation Model ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Landslide Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Mapping ◽  
Hydrographic Basin ◽  
Susceptibility Maps ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Stability Model ◽  
Elevation Model ◽  
Del Rio

In translational landslide susceptibility analysis with SHALSTAB (Shallow Landsliding Stability Model), the resolution of the digital elevation model (DSM) is determinant for defining the type of mapping generated (preliminary or not). In this study, in order to verify the influence of the SDM scale on the SHALSTAB stability classes, susceptibility maps were prepared at two scales: 1:50,000 and 1:10,000. The study area was the Garcia River watershed, belonging to the municipality of Blumenau, Santa Catarina, affected by landslides in the 2008 catastrophe, which enabled the validation of the simulations with the scars mapped in the field. Thus, the influence of scale on the distribution of the model's stability classes and on its performance was verified. SHALSTAB performed better at the 1:10,000 scale, predicting 70% of the instabilities in a percentage of unstable area approximately three times smaller than at the 1,50,000 scale.

scholarly journals Accidental consumption of Atta cephalotes (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) by Artibeus lituratus (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-26
Author(s):  
Sebastián Montoya-Bustamante ◽  
Natalya Zapata-Mesa
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Tropical Dry Forest ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Atta Cephalotes ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Generalist Species ◽  
Forest Remnants ◽  
Valle Del Cauca ◽  
Artibeus Lituratus

During a 6-months research carried out in the Robles village (Jamundí municipality, Valle del Cauca Department, Colombia) in 2014, bat feces were collected to determine the diet of fruit-eating bats. This study area included farms and tropical dry forest remnants, where A. lituratus was the most generalist species, with 10 different plant species recorded in its diet, including Ficus, Psidium, Mangifera, Cecropia, and Piper species (Montoya-Bustamante et al., 2016). Within two (out of 130) different fecal samples an individual of Atta cephalotes (both workers) were found associated to Psidium guajava seeds and pulp

A novel multiple flow direction algorithm for computing the topographic wetness index

2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 135-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Yong ◽  
Li-Liang Ren ◽  
Yang Hong ◽  
Jonathan J. Gourley ◽  
Xi Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Flow Direction ◽  
Contour Length ◽  
Topographic Wetness Index ◽  
Wetness Index ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Surface Saturation ◽  
Mathematical Equations ◽  
Downslope Flow ◽  
Elevation Model

The topographic wetness index (TWI), frequently used in approximately characterizing the spatial distribution of soil moisture and surface saturation within a watershed, has been widely applied in topography-related geographical processes and hydrological models. However, it is still questionable whether the current algorithms of TWI can adequately model the spatial distribution of topographic characteristics. Based upon the widely-used multiple flow direction approach (MFD), a novel MFD algorithm (NMFD) is proposed for improving the TWI derivation using a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) in this study. Compared with MFD, NMFD improves the mathematical equations of the contributing area and more precisely calculates the effective contour length. Additionally, a varying exponent strategy is adopted to dynamically determine the downslope flow-partition exponent. Finally, a flow-direction tracking method is employed to address grid cells in flat terrain. The NMFD algorithm is first applied to a catchment located upstream of the Hanjiang River in China to demonstrate its accuracy and improvements. Then NMFD is quantitatively evaluated by using four types of artificial mathematical surfaces. The results indicate that the error generated by NMFD is generally lower than that computed by MFD, and NMFD is able to more accurately represent the hydrological similarity of watersheds.

scholarly journals Integration von hochauflösenden Fernerkundungs- und Geländemodelldaten für die Landschaftsvisualisierung

1997 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
P. Pirchl ◽  
P. Hirtz ◽  
M. Suter ◽  
D. Nüesch
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Northern Switzerland ◽  
Transition Zones ◽  
Gis Tools ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Elevation Data ◽  
Digital Elevation Data ◽  
Elevation Model

Abstract. This paper presents experiments for realistic landscape visualization using high resolution digital aerial photographs and elevation modeis. The natural environment of a river in northern Switzerland is visualized. Photogrammetrically measured digital elevation data and ortho-rectified remote sensing imagery (Landsat Thematic Mapper/TM and aerial photographs) are combined to compute realistic 3D views of the landscape. To renderthe landscape more realistically, the digital elevation model (DEM) is transformed to a digital surface model (DSM), representing the surface and including objects like forests or bushes. For this transformation land cover information and GIS tools were used. Unnaturally looking vertical borders between different land cover classes were suppressed by interpolating transition zones. Additionally, 3D objects (trees) are used in the foreground to increase the realism of the views.

Geomorphometric analysis of Olkhon island region’s relief

2021 ◽  
Vol 972 (6) ◽  
pp. 37-46
Author(s):  
M.Y. Opekunova ◽  
Yu.V. Vanteeva ◽  
S.V. Solodyankina
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Baikal Region ◽  
Total Curvature ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Middle Level ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Landslide Processes ◽  
Elevation Model ◽  
Geomorphometric Parameters

The use of geomorphometric analysis to obtain relevant data and their interpretation in geomorphological and geographical studies is becoming more widespread in recent times. In this study, such an analysis is used for the Priolkhonsky plateau (Western Baikal region), whose territory has recently been subjected to intense recreational impact. Under such conditions, it becomes relevant to determine the erosion-accumulative potential of the territory, its subsequent regionalization, as well as the possibility of using the obtained results in landscape-recreational zoning. The surface curvature maps were made using a digital elevation model based on ALOS data with a resolution of 30 m. Using geoinformation analysis, slope steepness, horizontal, vertical, and general curvature maps were obtained, and statistical coefficients of these indicators for the study area were determined. A geomorphological interpretation of the areas spatial distribution with different values of curvature was carried out. The analysis of the territory geomorphometric parameters showed that denudation processes prevail within the study area. It was also determined that the territory under favorable climatic conditions could have a significant potential for the development of erosion-accumulative processes. Areas of accumulation associated with the development of linear erosion forms, gullies along unpaved roads, were identified. Areas with the maximum values of curvature in the summit level of the relief have a high potential for the development of landslide processes. In the middle level of relief with positive values of the total curvature, prevail low-intensity processes (downwash, creeping).

Restoration of a constructed stormwater wetland to improve its ecological and hydrological performance

2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (11) ◽  
pp. 109-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham A. Jenkins ◽  
Margaret Greenway
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Hydrologic Model ◽  
Stormwater Treatment ◽  
Treatment Wetland ◽  
Continuous Simulation ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Vegetation Maps ◽  
Restoration Strategies ◽  
Elevation Model ◽  
Constructed Stormwater Wetland

Although the vegetation within constructed stormwater wetlands plays an important role in the treatment processes taking place, its density and distribution depends on the wetland bathymetry and the imposed hydrologic regime. This paper describes an ecological and hydrological assessment of a constructed stormwater treatment wetland over a 5 year period. This assessment included the use of a continuous simulation hydrologic model combined with a Digital Elevation Model of the wetland bathymetry, plus a time series of vegetation maps. The combined spatial and temporal analysis indicates that both the frequency and duration of inundation has affected the fate of vegetation throughout the wetland. Restoration strategies have also been investigated to improve the survival of vegetation within the wetland.

scholarly journals Restoring lepidopteran diversity in a tropical dry forest: relative importance of restoration treatment, tree identity and predator pressure

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e3344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lizet Solis-Gabriel ◽  
Wendy Mendoza-Arroyo ◽  
Karina Boege ◽  
Ek del-Val
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Tropical Dry Forest ◽  
Biotic Interactions ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Plant Host ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Host Identity ◽  
Restoration Strategies

Tropical dry forests (TDFs) have been widely transformed by human activities worldwide and the ecosystem services they provide are diminishing. There has been an urgent call for conservation and restoration of the degraded lands previously occupied by TDFs. Restoration experiences aim to recover species diversity and ecological functions. Different restoration strategies have been used to maximize plant performance including weeding, planting or using artificial mulching. In this investigation, we evaluated whether different restoration practices influence animal arrival and the reestablishment of biotic interactions. We particularly evaluated lepidopteran larvae diversity and caterpillar predation on plants established under different restoration treatments (mulching, weeding and control) in the Pacific West Coast of México. This study corroborated the importance of plant host identity for lepidopteran presence in a particular area. Lepidopteran diversity and herbivory rates were not affected by the restoration treatment but they were related to tree species. In contrast, caterpillar predation marks were affected by restoration treatment, with a greater number of predation marks in control plots, while caterpillar predation marks among plant species were not significantly different. This study highlights the importance of considering the introduction of high plant species diversity when planning TDF restoration to maximize lepidopteran diversity and ecosystem functioning.

scholarly journals Digitalna analiza padina otoka Raba

Geoadria ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Mladen Pahernik
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Slope Angle ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Morphometric Features ◽  
Gis Environment ◽  
Valley Network ◽  
Elevation Model

The paper analyzes morphometric features of the slopes of Rab Island. Based on the digital elevation model, raster layers were calculated for the values of slope angle, aspect and curvature, as well as valley network, which was grouped using the Strahler method. A comparative analysis of the calculated values of morphometric parameters was conducted in the GIS environment. Spatial distribution of the values of each of the morphometric parameters was correlated to the structural and morphogenetic features of Rab Island. Differences between the slopes features within each of the morphogenetic types of the terrain were ascertained by comparing their morphometric features, and by using the valley network analysis. 

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