scholarly journals Characterization of electric faults in photovoltaic array systems

DYNA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 86 (211) ◽  
pp. 54-63
Author(s):  
Andres Eduardo Nieto Vallejo ◽  
Fredy Ruiz ◽  
Diego Patiño
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Equivalent Circuits ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Photovoltaic Array

Electric faults in photovoltaic (PV) systems cause negative economic and safety impacts, reducing their performance and causing unwanted electric connections that can be dangerous for the user. Line to line, ground and open circuit faults, are three of the main faults that happen in a photovoltaic array system. This work proposes a characterization of the equivalent circuits and the voltage-power (VP) curves at the output of multiple PV arrays under different topological configurations and fault conditions to evaluate the effects of these three main faults on the performance of a photovoltaic array system, taking into account the temperature and solar radiation influence. This work presents a validation of the characterization by measuring the output VP curves of a low-power photovoltaic array system under real outdoors conditions. This method can be useful in future works to develop low cost systems capable of detecting and classifying electric faults in photovoltaic array systems.

scholarly journals Comparative study of new MPPT control approaches for a photovoltaic system

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 251
Author(s):  
Ahmed Haddou ◽  
Nour-Eddine Tariba ◽  
Naima Ikken ◽  
Abdelhadi Bouknadel ◽  
Hafsa EL Omari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Sliding Mode ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Maximum Point ◽  
Maximum Power Point ◽  
Power Monitoring ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Power Point

<p>The output characteristics of the photovoltaic (PV) installation normally depend on solar radiation and ambient temperature, the charge impedance, its maximum power point (MPP) is not constant. In each state of the PV module has a point where it can produce its MPP. Therefore, MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) methods can be used to keep the photovoltaic panel running on its MPP. In this article, the objective was to determine how the different maximum point power monitoring (MPPT) techniques applied to PV systems work. Therefore, two MPPT algorithms are presented and compared under different temperature and radiation conditions: MRAC methods and sliding mode controller combined with the Incremental Conductivity (IC) algorithm. These algorithms are widely used in PV systems because of their easy implementation and low cost. These techniques were analyzed and their performance evaluated using the PSIM software under different types of solar radiation and temperature.</p>

scholarly journals Simulation of fault detection in photovoltaic arrays

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-40
Author(s):  
Róbert Lipták ◽  
István Bodnár
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Operating Time ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Fault Line ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Solar Systems ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Photovoltaic Array ◽  
Ground Fault ◽  
Photovoltaic Arrays

In solar systems, faults in the module and inverter occur in proportion to increased operating time. The identification of fault types and their effects is important information not only for manufacturers but also for investors, solar operators and researchers. Monitoring and diagnosing the condition of photovoltaic (PV) systems is becoming essential to maximize electric power generation, increase the reliability and lifetime of PV power plants. Any faults in the PV modules cause negative economic and safety impacts, reducing the performance of the system and making unwanted electric connections that can be dangerous for the user. In this paper have been classified all possible faults that happen in the PV system, and is presented to detect common PV array faults, such as open-circuit fault, line-to-line fault, ground fault, shading condition, degradation fault and bypass diode fault. In this studies examines the equivalent circuits of PV arrays with different topological configurations and fault conditions to evaluate the effects of these faults on the performance of a solar system, taking into account the influence of temperature and solar radiation. This work presents the validation of a simulated solar network by measuring the output curves of a low-power photovoltaic array system under real outdoor conditions. This method can be useful in future solar systems.

Preliminary design and characterization of a low-cost and low-power visible light positioning system

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (26) ◽  
pp. 7181
Author(s):  
Jordan Lui ◽  
Anna Maria Vegni ◽  
Lorenzo Colace ◽  
Alessandro Neri ◽  
Carlo Menon
Keyword(s):  
Low Power ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Preliminary Design

scholarly journals SPICE Model Identification Technique of a Cheap Thermoelectric Cell Applied to DC/DC Design with MPPT Algorithm for Low-Cost, Low-Power Energy Harvesting

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (18) ◽  
pp. 3744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leoni ◽  
Pantoli
Keyword(s):  
Low Power ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Model Identification ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Portable Devices ◽  
Spice Model ◽  
Identification Technique

In this work, an identification technique of a simple, measurements-based SPICE (Simulation Program with Integrated Circuit Emphasis) model is presented for small low-cost Peltier cells used in thermoelectric generator (TEG) mode for low-temperature differences. The collection of electric energy from thermal sources is an alternative solution of great interests to the problem of energy supply for low-power portable devices. However, materials with thermoelectric characteristics specifically designed for this purpose are generally expensive and therefore often not usable for low cost and low power applications. For these reasons, in this paper, we studied the possibility of exploiting small Peltier cells in TEG mode and a method to maximize the efficiency of these objects in energy conversion and storage since they are economical, easy to use, and available with different characteristics on the market. The identification of an accurate model is a key aspect for the design of the DC/DC converter, in order to guarantee maximum efficiency. For this purpose, the SPICE model has been validated and used in a design example of a DC/DC converter with maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm with fractional open-circuit voltage. The results showed that it is possible to obtain a maximum power of 309 µW with a Peltier cell 2 × 2 cm at a ΔT of 16 °C and the designed SPICE DC/DC converter performance proved the improvement and optimization value given by the TEG model identification.

scholarly journals Microstructure and Thermoelectric Properties of (Bi0.48Sb1.52)Te3 Thick Films Prepared with Tape Casting Method

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 140
Author(s):  
Lichen Liu ◽  
Ziping Cao ◽  
Min Chen ◽  
Jun Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Thermoelectric Properties ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Thick Films ◽  
Tape Casting ◽  
Casting Process ◽  
Casting Method ◽  
Glass Substrates ◽  
Conductive Films ◽  
Casting Technology

This paper reports the fabrication and characterization of (Bi0.48Sb1.52)Te3 thick films using a tape casting process on glass substrates. A slurry of thermoelectric (Bi0.48Sb1.52)Te3 was developed and cured thick films were annealed in a vacuum chamber at 500–600 °C. The microstructure of these films was analyzed, and the Seebeck coefficient and electric conductivity were tested. It was found that the subsequent annealing process must be carefully designed to achieve good thermoelectric properties of these samples. Conductive films were obtained after annealing and led to acceptable thermoelectric performance. While the properties of these initial materials are not at the level of bulk materials, this work demonstrates that the low-cost tape casting technology is promising for fabricating thermoelectric modules for energy conversion.

scholarly journals Design and optimisation of magnetically-tunable hybrid piezoelectric-triboelectric energy harvester

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Satish Rao Ganapathy ◽  
Hanim Salleh ◽  
Mohammad Khairul Azwan Azhar
Keyword(s):  
Low Power ◽  
Peak Power ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Design Factor ◽  
Voltage Generation ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Design Factors ◽  
Extension Length

AbstractThe demand for energy harvesting technologies has been increasing over the years that can be attributed to its significance to low power applications. One of the key problems associated with the available vibration-based harvester is the maximum peak power can only be achieved when the device frequency matches the source frequency to generate low usable power. Therefore, in this study, a magnetically-tunable hybrid piezoelectric-triboelectric energy harvester (MT-HPTEH) was designed and optimised. Four key design factors: mass placement, triboelectric surface area, extension length and magnetic stiffness were investigated and optimised. The voltage generation from piezoelectric and triboelectric mechanisms was determined individually to understand the effect of each design factor on the mechanisms. An output power of 659 µW at 180 kΩ at 44 Hz was obtained from the optimised MT-HPTEH with a theoretical–experimental discrepancy of less than 10%. The added magnetically-tunable feature enabled the harvester to work at the desired frequency range with an open circuit voltage between 7.800 and 20.314 V and a frequency range from 38 to 54 Hz. This MT-HPTEH can power at least six wireless sensor networks and can be used for low power applications such as RFID tags. Future work may include designing of energy-saving and sustainable harvester.

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