scholarly journals Archaic and innovative phenomena in the case paradigms of the Erzya dialects in the Volga region and the Southern Urals

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 254-264
Author(s):  
Dmitry V. Tsygankin ◽  
Nina A. Agafonova ◽  
Ivan N. Ryabov
Keyword(s):  
Historical Development ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Morphological Variations ◽  
Word Forms ◽  
Single Structure ◽  
Base Language ◽  
Historical Methods ◽  
Linguistic Material

Introduction. The modern differentiation of the Erzya dialects in the Volga region and the Southern Urals is the result of a long historical development. The migration of the Mordovians from their former places of residence contributed to their formation. The fact that in these regions the Erzya lived isolated from the rest of the Mordovians and contacted directly with peoples having different patterns of language contributed to preserving archaic phenomena of the base language and appearing innovative components in the structure of the dialects under study. The purpose of the work is to identify and describe archaic phenomena and innovations in the case paradigms of the study area. Materials and Methods. The article is based on the field materials collected by the authors during linguistic expeditions in the places of concentration of the Erzya in the territory of the Volga region and the Southern Urals. The dialectal material was collected based on the questionnaire, reflecting the lexical, phonetic and morphological variations of linguistic phenomena. The descriptive and comparative historical methods were used to analyze language material. Results and Discussion. The study of the linguistic material of the Volga region and the Southern Urals showed the differences in the case paradigms of the noun from the corresponding paradigms of the Erzya codified languages and other Mordovian dialects. In analysis showed that in the paradigms of the definite declension singular, there are different sets of cases and there is no single structure of word forms. Some paradigms are archaic, consistent, and logical. In the composition of others, new formations have developed, homonymous case suffixes and postpositional constructions have appeared. Conclusion. The main dialect types of the Erzya languages were developed before the migration processes to the eastern territories of the modern residence of the Erzya. The isolated development of the dialects of the Volga region and the Southern Urals made it possible both to preserve archaic phenomena in the paradigms of the definite declension and to develop new formations uncharacteristic for them.

scholarly journals Demographic Processes in the Southern Urals in 1920s-1930s

2019 ◽  
pp. 480-493
Author(s):  
Ravilya R. Khisamutdinova ◽  
◽  
Albina I. Azhigulova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Population ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
Vital Statistics ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Natural Movement ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
Chelyabinsk Region ◽  
Historical Methods

In the study of demographic processes, regional approach is extremely important, as it allows to trace general patterns, as well as peculiarities in vital statistics. The article deals with vital statistics of the South Ural region in the period between official Soviet censuses of 1926 and of 1939; it studies both internal and external factors. General-logical methods of induction and deduction are used to consider vital statistics nationwide and in each subject of the Southern Urals as well. Historical methods (i.e., problem-chronological, historical-comparative) allow to conduct research in accordance with historical sequence and to identify main features of demographic processes in administrative divisions. General scientific and historical methods allow to study year-by-year vital statistics in the Orenburg and Chelyabinsk regions and the Bashkir Autonomous Republic. Inaccessibility of sources on the 20th century demography to most researchers has had its negative impact on the scientific view on Soviet vital statistics. The authors strive to identify features of vital statistics of the Southern Urals in 1920s-1930s. The case-study has proved that Soviet economic and political reforms of the period had a significant impact on the demographic balance in the Southern Urals. Year-by-year comparison of rural and urban population dynamics over 13 years between two censuses suggests compensatory natural movement of the population in the pre-war period. The authors conclude that intra-regional features can be associated with rapid development of industry in the Chelyabinsk region in the days of the pre-war five-year plans. It resulted in predominance of urban population over rural population in the Chelyabinsk region, in a radical departure from the tendency in agricultural areas of the Southern Urals (Bashkiria and the Orenburg region). The results of the study can be used in textbooks and monographs on demography, as well as in special courses on Russian demography or demography of the Southern Urals.

scholarly journals The experience of steppe reserve organizing in Southern Pre-Urals in the late XIX - the first third of the XX century and the problem of Russian steppes sustainable development of the XXI century

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-298
Author(s):  
Elena Vladimirovna Mishanina ◽  
Ekaterina Vyacheslavovna Mishanina
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Status ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Specially Protected Natural Areas ◽  
Significant Area ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
Meteorological Observations

The article analyzes the history of two steppe reserves in the territory of the Southern Urals (Orenburg region nowadays). The first one was established by A.N. Karamzin in private grounds of Polibino, in Buguruslan Uyezd of Samara Region (Gubernia), in 19-20th centuries. Its area was 650 hectares, while its location, period of its existence, as well as the scientific and practical activities remained unknown. Flora and fauna as well as meteorological observations were conducted in this place. The results of the researches were published by the owner in a number of monographs. In early 1920's this area was totally changed. The second reserve named Koziavka was opened in Kurmanaevsky District of the Middle Volga Region by I. Sprygin, with the help of the director of Penza State Reserve that existed from 1930 to 1935. It was a significant area of virgin steppe and long-term fallow land with rich steppe biodiversity. It was lost during the land transfer reform - from the Middle Volga Region to Orenburg Oblast. Similar reseraches have a practical significance. That will help to design and find these sites with further transformation into specially protected natural areas, as well as to determine the conservation status of previously existing reserves.

scholarly journals Interregional comparative characteristics of the national composition of the population of the Middle Volga region and the Southern Urals of the second half of the 19th century.

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-150
Author(s):  
Vladimir I. Petrov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
Russian Population ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
The Social ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The 19Th Century

The paper presents a comparative analysis and characteristics of the social and everyday life of the peoples who inhabited the regions from 1867 to the end of the 19th century. Russian population in the provinces of the Middle Volga region had a larger share than in the Southern Urals, but the overall percentage of the Russian population decreased in the Middle Volga region, which is caused by a weak influx of Russians from the central part of Russia, the outflow of this part of the population to other parts of the country, the migration process of non-Russian peoples to the Middle Volga, the difference in the birth rate of representatives of the peoples. The population of the Middle Volga region and the Southern Urals by the end of the 19th century was distinguished by an exclusively multinational composition, which was due to the historical features of the settlement of the peoples of Russia, the socio-economic conditions of the development of the provinces and the migration processes (what exactly). Provincial cities were places of concentration of a more diverse population in national terms, in contrast to the inhabitants of counties and volosts, and centers of intensive interethnic contacts.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF LINKS AND CONTACTS IN THE CULTURE GENESIS IN THE FOREST – STEPPE OF THE SAMARA VOLGA REGION AND THE URALS REGION IN THE ENEOLITHIC AND THE EARLY BRONZE AGE

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Н.Л. Моргунова
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Early Bronze Age ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
The Urals ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Pottery Technology

Территория Самарского Заволжья и Южного Приуралья на всем протяжении голоцена являлась связующим звеном между европейским и сибирско азиатским культурным миром, а также между степными и лесными культурами Восточной Европы. Связи и контакты лесостепного населения Поволжья и Приуралья, нашедшие отражение в своеобразии культурного развития региона, рассмотрены на материалах археологических памятников региона в такие переломные моменты истории, как эпоха энеолита и ранний бронзовый век. Исследование проведено по комплексной методике с использованием методов естественных наук, изучена технология гончарства по методике А. А. Бобринского. Throughout the Holocene the area of the Samara Trans Volga region and the Southern Urals region was a linking element between the European and the Siberian Asian cultural worlds as well as between the steppe and the forest cultures of Eastern Europe. The links and contacts of the Volga forest steppe and the Urals region populations reflected in distinctive features of this region cultural development were examined with the use of materials from archaeological sites of the region during turning points in history such as the Eneolithic and the Early Bronze Age. The study was carried out based on the comprehensive methodology with the use of natural science methods and the review of pottery technology based on A. A. Bobriniskiys methodology.

scholarly journals ARCHITECTURE OF RURAL HOUSES OF CLERGYMEN OF THE 19TH AND EARLY 20TH CENTURIES IN THE MIDDLE VOLGA REGION AND THE SOUTHERN URALS

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-131
Author(s):  
Elena V. PONOMARENKO ◽  
Fedor V. KARASEV
Keyword(s):  
Southern Urals ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Architectural Styles ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
The Village ◽  
The Church

The article for the fi rst time carried out a comprehensive analysis of the architecture of rural houses of clergymen in the middle Volga region and the Southern Urals in the 19th - early 20th century. The materials of construction, planning, composition and stylistic features of the architecture of these buildings in the region have been studied. Houses made by local carpenters and designed in St. Petersburg are considered. Changes in the architecture of such buildings over time have been revealed. Examples and descriptions of the architecture of diff erent types of wooden houses of clergymen are given. The most detailed complex of buildings at the church of Nicholas the Wonderworker in the village of Epifanovka. The features of the interweaving of “red-brick” and neo-Russian architectural styles in the decoration of the buildings of this complex have been analyzed.

scholarly journals Two New Daggers of Early Sarmatian Shape from Chui Valley

2020 ◽  
pp. 120-128
Author(s):  
Sergei Ivanov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Tien Shan ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
South Urals ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
The South ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Region Analysis

The article is concerned with the publication of two new finds of early Sarmatian shape iron daggers, found in the southern foothill zone of the Chui valley (Kyrgyzstan). This category of weapons is considered as a rare find on the territory of the spread of the Saka culture of Tien Shan region. Therefore, each new find of such items significantly expands the understanding of the features of the formations and development of the blade weapons in this territory. The first dagger by its morphological features was dated to the late half of the 5th – first half of the 4th centuries BC. Similar analogies were discovered on the territory of the Forest-Steppe Altai, the Volga region and the South Urals, which allowed to clarify its chronological framework. The second dagger was dated by the author back to the first half of the 3rd century BC. At the same time the closest morphological parallels are found mainly in the Sarmatian materials of the South Urals region. Analysis of the data of the two daggers showed that Tien Shan region was already quite early in the southern periphery of the original territory of formation of the early Sarmatian-type blade weapons. It is noteworthy that cultural interrelationships not only with the territories of the Southern Urals and Volga region, but also with the Forest-Steppe Altai, played a significant role in appearance and spread of the daggers there.

scholarly journals About Anthropological Connections Between the Scythians of the Northern Black Sea Region and the Sauromat-Sarmatian Population of 6th – 3rd Centuries BC

2021 ◽  
pp. 38-55
Author(s):  
Mariya Balabanova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Materials Testing ◽  
Digital Information ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Lower Volga Region ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
Elite Group ◽  
Lower Volga

Introduction. The article discusses the issue of possible connections of the Sauromat-Early Sarmatian population of the 6th – 3rd centuries BC of the Southern Urals, the Lower Volga region and the Lower Don with the synchronous groups of the Northern Black Sea region according to physical anthropology. This problem is directly related to the origin of the Scythians, which still remains controversial. The review of scientific literature has shown that the problem of anthropological relationships between these two groups of early nomads in Eastern Europe has not yet been considered. Methods and materials. Testing for the existence of models of ethnogenetic relationships was carried out using intergroup comparisons of craniometric data. Mass material on the early nomads of the Sauromat-Early Sarmatian period of the Southern Urals, the Lower Volga region, the Lower Don and the steppe Scythians of the Northern Black Sea region was processed by the canonical method, followed by the consideration of the proximity of Mahalanobis. For this, digital information on 48 male and 30 female craniological series was used. Results. The greatest morphological similarity with the eastern Sauromat-Early Sarmatian populations is possessed by an elite group from the royal kurgans (Aleksandropol and Zheltokamenka), as well as local groups from the Sivash and Nosak regions. In all compared groups, the type of ancient Eastern Caucasians prevails, which combined mesobrachicrania with a weakened horizontal facial profile at the upper level. Thus, the results of the study showed the presence of ethnogenetic relationships in the studied early nomads, which either confirms the hypothesis about the possible influence of the Sauromat-Early Sarmatian component on changes in the intragroup structure of the Northern Black Sea populations, or indicate the presence of a single genetic substrate of South Siberian origin.

The first data on possible Mezozoic magmatism within the Western slope of the Southern Urals

2018 ◽  
pp. 24-34
Author(s):  
A. O. Khotylev ◽  
N. B. Devisheva ◽  
Al. V. Tevelev ◽  
V. M. Moseichuk
Keyword(s):  
Southern Urals ◽  
Western Slope ◽  
Isotopic Age ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Early Proterozoic ◽  
Carbonate Formations ◽  
Two Bodies

Within the Western slope of the Southern Urals, there are plenty of basite dyke complexes of Riphean to Vendian among Precambrian terrigenous-carbonate formations. In metamorphic formations of the Taratash complex (Archean to Early Proterozoic, the northern closure of the Bashkirian meganticlinorium) there was observed the andesitic dyke with isotopic age of 71±1 Ma (U-Pb SHRIMP II on zircons) and near Bakal two bodies of gabbroids with zircons of similar ages were found. These are the first evidence of possible Mezozoic magmatism in this region.

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