Evaluation of knowledge and behavior of workers in Prince Mohammed International Airport in Western Saudi Arabia regarding public health emergency measures applied during Hajj season 2014

The rapid development of COVID-19 cases in Indonesia, as well as the spread of COVID-19 which has almost reached all provinces in Indonesia with the number of cases and the number of deaths increasing, has put Indonesia in a public health emergency. The high number of cases of death in Indonesia with CFR (5.0%) is very disturbing and worrisome for the community. Our review focuses on the epidemiology of the spread of COVID-19 in Indonesia as well as changes in people's attitudes and behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic. Indonesia is also infected by this virus. COVID-19 in Indonesia first reported two cases on March 2, 2020. On March 11, 2020, for the first time an Indonesian citizen died from Covid-19. East Java Province is the province with the most positive cases found. Because a vaccine that can dispel COVID-19 has not been found, in the end the Stay At Home movement is the most appropriate alternative to reduce the chance of contracting COVID-19 while maintaining cleanliness such as providing disinfectants, using masks, washing hands, exercising physical distance, avoiding crowds and so on. -Other etc. As a result, all activities are hampered, be it in the fields of economy, tourism, and others. Of course, many losses have been caused. However, seen from the obstacles that have occurred, there have been some significant changes that have occurred, especially in the attitude of the community so that they can continue their activities until these attitudes have turned into new habits. What is most visible from changes in community behavior is the discipline of people wearing masks, maintaining physical distance, and always maintaining hand hygiene. In essence, many innovative behaviors suddenly emerged during the COVID-19 outbreak.

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Bat-Borne Coronaviruses in Jordan and Saudi Arabia: A Threat to Public Health?

Viruses ◽

10.3390/v12121413 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (12) ◽

pp. 1413

Author(s):

Laith N. AL-Eitan ◽

Amneh H. Tarkhan ◽

Mansour A. Alghamdi ◽

Denise A. Marston ◽

Guanghui Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Saudi Arabia ◽

Disease Transmission ◽

Emerging Infectious Diseases ◽

Emerging Pathogens ◽

Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽

Mass Gatherings ◽

Mass Migration ◽

Close Proximity ◽

Hajj Season

Emerging infectious diseases are of great concern to public health, as highlighted by the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Such diseases are of particular danger during mass gathering and mass influx events, as large crowds of people in close proximity to each other creates optimal opportunities for disease transmission. The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia are two countries that have witnessed mass gatherings due to the arrival of Syrian refugees and the annual Hajj season. The mass migration of people not only brings exotic diseases to these regions but also brings new diseases back to their own countries, e.g., the outbreak of MERS in South Korea. Many emerging pathogens originate in bats, and more than 30 bat species have been identified in these two countries. Some of those bat species are known to carry viruses that cause deadly diseases in other parts of the world, such as the rabies virus and coronaviruses. However, little is known about bats and the pathogens they carry in Jordan and Saudi Arabia. Here, the importance of enhanced surveillance of bat-borne infections in Jordan and Saudi Arabia is emphasized, promoting the awareness of bat-borne diseases among the general public and building up infrastructure and capability to fill the gaps in public health preparedness to prevent future pandemics.

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Behavior prioritization to improve SBC (Social and Behavior Change) programming during a public health emergency: A call to action

10.31899/pgy17.1041 ◽

2019 ◽

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Behavior Change ◽

Public Health Emergency ◽

Call To Action ◽

And Behavior

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The Influence of COVID-19 on Irrational Consumption Behavior in a Chinese Sample: Based on a Serial Mediating Model

Frontiers in Psychology ◽

10.3389/fpsyg.2021.718797 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Hu Yue-Qian ◽

Xie Piao ◽

Wang Ying ◽

Huang Zhi-Xin ◽

Wu Yi-Ting ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Public Health Emergency ◽

Online Questionnaire ◽

Consumer Behaviors ◽

Negative Attitudes ◽

Chinese Sample ◽

Public Health Emergencies ◽

And Behavior ◽

Pandemic Severity ◽

The Relationship

Based on the scarcity theory, this study focuses on exploring the relationship between the severity of public health emergencies (i.e., COVID-19) and individual irrational consumer behaviors through the serial mediating variables of perceived scarcity (PS) and negative mentality (NM). An online questionnaire was used to collect data from participants in China and we obtained 466 effective (115 male and 351 female) questionnaires in total. The findings showed that the relationship between each pair of factors – perceived pandemic severity, PS, NM, and irrational consumption behaviors – was significantly positive. Although the perception of the severity of this public health emergency did not directly predict irrational consumer behavior, the effect was mediated by PS and NM independently and serially. These findings reveal that people who strongly perceive scarcity and are prone to negative attitudes are more likely to demonstrate irrational consumer behaviors (such as rushing to buy and hoard living supplies) once the public perceives a public health emergency as severe. This effect occurs because the PS that results from the epidemic affects people’s cognition, emotion, and behavior.

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Agent-Based Simulation Framework for Epidemic Forecasting during Hajj Seasons in Saudi Arabia

Information ◽

10.3390/info12080325 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (8) ◽

pp. 325

Author(s):

Sultanah Mohammed Alshammari ◽

Mohammed Hassan Ba-Aoum ◽

Nofe Ateq Alganmi ◽

Arwa AbdulAziz Allinjawi

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Saudi Arabia ◽

Disease Transmission ◽

Simulation Framework ◽

Agent Based Simulation ◽

Agent Based ◽

The World ◽

Hajj Season ◽

The Impact ◽

Epidemic Forecasting

The religious pilgrimage of Hajj is one of the largest annual gatherings in the world. Every year approximately three million pilgrims travel from all over the world to perform Hajj in Mecca in Saudi Arabia. The high population density of pilgrims in confined settings throughout the Hajj rituals can facilitate infectious disease transmission among the pilgrims and their contacts. Infected pilgrims may enter Mecca without being detected and potentially transmit the disease to other pilgrims. Upon returning home, infected international pilgrims may introduce the disease into their home countries, causing a further spread of the disease. Computational modeling and simulation of social mixing and disease transmission between pilgrims can enhance the prevention of potential epidemics. Computational epidemic models can help public health authorities predict the risk of disease outbreaks and implement necessary intervention measures before or during the Hajj season. In this study, we proposed a conceptual agent-based simulation framework that integrates agent-based modeling to simulate disease transmission during the Hajj season from the arrival of the international pilgrims to their departure. The epidemic forecasting system provides a simulation of the phases and rituals of Hajj following their actual sequence to capture and assess the impact of each stage in the Hajj on the disease dynamics. The proposed framework can also be used to evaluate the effectiveness of the different public health interventions that can be implemented during the Hajj, including size restriction and screening at entry points.

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Risk Attitudes and Behavior Among Norwegian Adolescents

European Psychologist ◽

10.1027/1016-9040.10.1.25 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 25-38 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Hilde Iversen ◽

Torbjørn Rundmo ◽

Hroar Klempe

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Traffic Safety ◽

Behavior Modification ◽

Health Programs ◽

Risk Attitudes ◽

Community Based ◽

Public Health Programs ◽

The Core ◽

And Behavior ◽

Attitudes And Behavior

Abstract. The core aim of the present study is to compare the effects of a safety campaign and a behavior modification program on traffic safety. As is the case in community-based health promotion, the present study's approach of the attitude campaign was based on active participation of the group of recipients. One of the reasons why many attitude campaigns conducted previously have failed may be that they have been society-based public health programs. Both the interventions were carried out simultaneously among students aged 18-19 years in two Norwegian high schools (n = 342). At the first high school the intervention was behavior modification, at the second school a community-based attitude campaign was carried out. Baseline and posttest data on attitudes toward traffic safety and self-reported risk behavior were collected. The results showed that there was a significant total effect of the interventions although the effect depended on the type of intervention. There were significant differences in attitude and behavior only in the sample where the attitude campaign was carried out and no significant changes were found in the group of recipients of behavior modification.

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