Mandibular odontogenic sarcoma (ameloblastic fibrodentinosarcoma) in an aged cat — Short communication

A 13-year-old male cat presented with an ill-defined mass in the rostral mandible causing destruction and loss of alveolar bone. Microscopically, the mass consisted of cords or islands of benign odontogenic epithelium and a malignant, pleomorphic spindle-shaped cell component with dysplastic dentine formation. Immunohistochemically, neoplastic mesenchymal cells proved to be strongly positive for vimentin and negative for cytokeratins, desmin, actin and S100 protein; the Ki67 proliferation index was high. Morphological and immunohistochemical features largely overlap those reported for ameloblastic fibrodentinosarcoma, an uncommon histologic subtype of odontogenic sarcoma recognised in humans but no reported previously in animals. Ki-67 expression assessment may help to discriminate between malignant and benign forms of odontogenic tumours but the final diagnosis is mainly morphological.

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Spindle Cell Melanoma Harboring a Nodule of Epitheloid Cell Melanoma Component: A Study of a Diagnostically Challenging Case

Acta Medica Martiniana ◽

10.2478/acm-2021-0005 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 26-33

Author(s):

V Bartos ◽

A. Farkasova

Keyword(s):

Spindle Cell ◽

S100 Protein ◽

Epithelioid Cell ◽

Skin Tumor ◽

Cell Component ◽

Diagnostic Dilemma ◽

Ki 67 ◽

Proliferation Indices ◽

Human Neoplasm ◽

The Right

Abstract Background: Melanoma is a very heterogeneous human neoplasm. In addition to four major (conventional) histologic subtypes a number of uncommon variants do exist. Objective: An unusual case of a spindle cell melanoma (SCM) containing a demarcated nodule of conventional epitheliod cell melanoma component is described. Material and Methods: A 71-year-old man manifested with a protuberated ulcerated skin tumor arising on the right forearm. The resected biopsy was analyzed immunohistochemically with a variety of anti-human antibodies. Results: The tumor consisted of a highly cellular mass of spindle-shaped cells without any significant intratu-moral fibrosis. In addition, a nodule of epithelioid cell tumor component was present within the lesion. The spindle cell component showed a disperse reactivity for S100 protein and was negative for other melanocytic markers. It exhibited a very high mitotic activity and proliferation Ki-67 index. No melanin pigment was detected. In contrast, the epithelioid cell component was strongly positive for S100 protein, Melan-A/MART-1, HMB-45, and PNL-2. The mitotic and proliferation indices were much less pronounced and melanin deposits were visible. A diagnosis of a non-desmoplastic SCM harboring a nodule of epithelioid cell melanoma component was established. Conclusion: SCM often posses a diagnostic dilemma because its histomorphology is atypical and its immunohistochemical profile may differ from other subtypes of melanomas. The present paper points out this uncommon histopathological entity that may sometimes be encountered in dermatopathological practice and that requires more complex diagnostic approach.

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Glomus tumor of small intestine: case report and review of literature

10.21203/rs.3.rs-318644/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yan Tan ◽

Xinyi Wang ◽

Guifang Yang ◽

Lan Liu ◽

Jun Fang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Small Intestine ◽

Glomus Tumor ◽

Final Diagnosis ◽

Good Prognosis ◽

Proliferation Index ◽

Review Of Literature ◽

Ki 67 ◽

Glomus Tumors ◽

Single Balloon ◽

Single Balloon Enteroscopy

Abstract BackgroundGlomus tumors are exceedingly rare tumors arising from the normal glomus body. Only a very few cases of glomus tumors located in the small intestine were reported to date. Here, we present a case of glomus tumor of the jejunum in a 30-year-old female patient, and discuss its clinical, imaging, and pathologic features.Case presentationA 30-year-old female referred to our hospital with the chief complain of melena and fatigue for 3 weeks. Oral single-balloon enteroscopy discovered a 2.0*2.0cm tumor without epithelial lining in the jejunum. The patient then underwent partial enterectomy. HE stain illustrated that the tumor was interspersed with congestive capillaries of various size, and admixed with smooth muscle bundles. Immunohistochemical study showed that the tumor cells were strongly positive for SMA and collagen type Ⅳ. The Ki-67 proliferation index was less than 1% and mitotic activity is very low (about 1/50 HPF). The case was finally diagnosed as benign glomus tumor.ConclusionsGlomus tumors arising from the small intestine are extremely rare. The final diagnosis is made by histological and immunohistochemical examination. Although there is no standardized management pathway for these patients, early diagnosis and treatment are important for a good prognosis.

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Basal/Myoepithelial Cells in Chronic Sinusitis, Respiratory Epithelial Adenomatoid Hamartoma, Inverted Papilloma, and Intestinal-Type and Nonintestinal-Type Sinonasal Adenocarcinoma: An Immunohistochemical Study

Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine ◽

10.5858/2007-131-530-mcicsr ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 131 (4) ◽

pp. 530-537 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

John A. Ozolek ◽

E. Leon Barnes ◽

Jennifer L. Hunt

Keyword(s):

Proliferative Activity ◽

Chronic Sinusitis ◽

S100 Protein ◽

Myoepithelial Cells ◽

Inverted Papilloma ◽

Proliferation Index ◽

Ki 67 ◽

Respiratory Epithelial Adenomatoid Hamartoma ◽

Sinonasal Adenocarcinoma ◽

Respiratory Epithelial

Abstract Context.—The pathogenesis of respiratory epithelial adenomatoid hamartoma (REAH) and inverted papilloma (IP) is poorly understood, especially compared with sinonasal adenocarcinoma (SNAC). One feature of malignant glandular lesions is loss of the basal/myoepithelial layer. The immunophenotype of the basal/myoepithelial layer has not been fully examined in benign glandular lesions of the sinonasal tract. Objective.—To examine benign and malignant glandular lesions in the sinonasal tract for the immunophenotype of basal/myoepithelial cells, proliferation index, and cytokeratin and intestinal differentiation profiles. Design.—Sinonasal adenocarcinoma (intestinal-type adenocarcinoma [ITAC] and nonintestinal type adenocarcinoma [non-ITAC]), REAH, IP, and chronic sinusitis (CS) were stained for cytokeratin (CK) 7, CK20, 34βE12, CDX-2, p63, Ki-67, smooth muscle actin (SMA), S100 protein, and calponin. Results.—Basal/myoepithelial cells in CS and REAH were positive for p63 and 34βE12 but negative for SMA, S100 protein, and calponin. Proliferative activity was localized to the compartment containing p63-positive cells. Inverted papilloma demonstrated broad areas staining for p63 and 34βE12, with intermediate proliferative activity in these areas. Sinonasal adenocarcinoma had the highest Ki-67 labeling index, and p63-positive SNACs had higher proliferation indices than p63-negative SNACs. REAH, IP, CS, and most SNACs expressed CK7. Only SNAC expressed CK20. Sixty percent of morphologic ITACs expressed CDX-2. Conclusions.—Basal/myoepithelial cells in CS and REAH should be considered basal and not myoepithelial cells. In benign lesions, proliferative activity is limited to the compartments with p63 staining. In SNAC and IP, p63 expression correlates with proliferation index. REAH, IP, and CS share similar immunoprofiles (CK7+, CK20−, and CDX-2−), contrasting with SNAC (CK7+, CK20+/−, CDX-2−/+).

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Neurendocrine tumor of common hepatic duct: an uncommon site tumor

Journal of Pathology of Nepal ◽

10.3126/jpn.v9i2.24754 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 1599-1603

Author(s):

Pallavi Srivastava ◽

Saumya Shukla ◽

Nuzhat Husain ◽

Priyanka Sameer

Keyword(s):

Neuroendocrine Tumor ◽

Epigastric Pain ◽

Hepatic Duct ◽

Tumor Resection ◽

Final Diagnosis ◽

Proliferation Index ◽

Common Hepatic Duct ◽

Intravenous Chemotherapy ◽

Ki 67 ◽

Histopathology Examination

The neuroendocrine tumor of extrahepatic biliary tract is a rare neoplasm of the gastrointestinal tract. We present a case of 16 year old male presenting with epigastric pain and jaundice with a well-defined lesion in common hepatic duct on imaging. The patient underwent tumor resection. Histopathology examination revealed thickened common hepatic duct infiltrated by tumor cells with expression of Pan CK, Synaptophysin & Chromogranin with Ki- 67 proliferation index of 5%. The final diagnosis of Neuroendocrine tumor of Common Hepatic Duct, grade 2 was rendered. The patient showed no recurrence to date without intravenous chemotherapy.

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Glomus Tumor of Small Intestine: Case Report and Review of Literature

10.21203/rs.3.rs-318644/v3 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yan Tan ◽

Xinyi Wang ◽

Guifang Yang ◽

Lan Liu ◽

Jun Fang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Small Intestine ◽

Glomus Tumor ◽

Final Diagnosis ◽

Good Prognosis ◽

Proliferation Index ◽

Ki 67 ◽

Glomus Tumors ◽

Pathologic Features ◽

Single Balloon ◽

Single Balloon Enteroscopy

Abstract Background: Glomus tumors are exceedingly rare tumors arising from the normal glomus body. Only a very few cases of glomus tumors located in the small intestine were reported to date. Here, we present a case of glomus tumor of the jejunum in a 30-year-old female patient, and discuss its clinical, imaging, and pathologic features.Case presentation: A 30-year-old female referred to our hospital with the chief complain of melena and fatigue for 3 weeks. Oral single-balloon enteroscopy discovered a 2.0*2.0cm tumor without epithelial lining in the jejunum. The patient then underwent partial enterectomy. HE stain illustrated that the tumor was interspersed with congestive capillaries of various size, and admixed with smooth muscle bundles. Immunohistochemical study showed that the tumor cells were strongly positive for SMA and collagen type Ⅳ. The Ki-67 proliferation index was less than 1% and mitotic activity is very low (about 1/50 HPF). The case was finally diagnosed as benign glomus tumor. Conclusion: Glomus tumors arising from the small intestine are extremely rare. The final diagnosis is made by histological and immunohistochemical examination. Although there is no standardized management pathway for these patients, early diagnosis and treatment are important for a good prognosis.

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Oral Intravascular Papillary Endothelial Hyperplasia Associated with an Organizing Thrombus: Case Report and Immunohistochemical Analysis

Case Reports in Pathology ◽

10.1155/2016/1908767 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-4 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Darcy Fernandes ◽

Daphine Caxias Travassos ◽

Túlio Morandin Ferrisse ◽

Elaine Maria Sgavioli Massucato ◽

Cláudia Maria Navarro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Endothelial Cells ◽

Benign Lesion ◽

Microscopic Analysis ◽

Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽

Final Diagnosis ◽

Proliferation Index ◽

Surgical Removal ◽

Intravascular Papillary Endothelial Hyperplasia ◽

Ki 67 ◽

Papillary Endothelial Hyperplasia

Intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia (IPEH) is a benign lesion of the skin and mucosa of vascular origin characterized by reactive proliferation of endothelial cells. A 76-year-old woman was referred presenting a painless nodule on the lip. Intraoral examination revealed bluish submucosal nodular proliferation, measuring 10 × 5 × 5 mm, affecting the lower labial mucosa. The lesion had a firm consistency and it was not fixed to the adjacent tissues. The main differential diagnoses were mucocele/mucus retention cyst, sialolith, or salivary gland neoplasia. An incisional biopsy was performed and during the intraoperative procedure an encapsulated red-bluish nodular mass was observed. Microscopic analysis revealed papillary endothelial proliferation in the center of the lesion and fibrin admixed with inflammatory cells in organization peripherally. There was no nuclear atypia, mitotic figures, or necrosis. The endothelial cells were CD34 positive, with low Ki-67 proliferation index (4%). α-SMA highlighted the vessel walls, whereas negativity for D2-40 excluded lymphatic origin. Final diagnosis was IPEH associated with an organizing thrombus. Dentists should be aware about this rare benign vascular lesion, whose final diagnosis is achieved only after histopathology analysis. Surgical removal is the treatment of choice and no recurrence is expected.

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Cell proliferation and apoptosis in ameloblastomas and keratocystic odontogenic tumors

Brazilian Dental Journal ◽

10.1590/s0103-64402012000200001 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 91-96 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Fabrício Rezende Amaral ◽

Gláucia Cardoso Paixão Mateus ◽

Lucas Alves Bonisson ◽

Bruno Augusto Benevenuto de Andrade ◽

Ricardo Alves Mesquita ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Proliferation ◽

Odontogenic Tumor ◽

Proliferation Index ◽

Methyl Green ◽

Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumor ◽

Ki 67 ◽

Odontogenic Epithelium ◽

Significant Difference ◽

High Proliferative Activity ◽

Peripheral Cells

A high proliferative activity of the odontogenic epithelium in ameloblastoma (AM) and keratocystic odontogenic tumor (KOT) has been demonstrated. However, no previous study has simultaneously evaluated cell proliferation and apoptotic indexes in AM and KOT, comparing both lesions. The aim of this study was to assess and compare cell proliferation and apoptotic rates between these two tumors. Specimens of 11 solid AM and 11 sporadic KOT were evaluated. The proliferation index (PI) was assessed by immunohistochemical detection of Ki-67 and the apoptotic index (AI) by methyl green-pyronine and in situ DNA nick end-labelling methods. KOT presented a higher PI than AM (p<0.05). No statistically significant difference was found in the AI between AM and KOT. PI and AI were higher in the peripheral cells of AM and respectively in the suprabasal and superficial layers of KOT. In conclusion, KOT showed a higher cell proliferation than AM and the AI was similar between these tumors. These findings reinforce the classification of KOT as an odontogenic tumor and should contribute to its aggressive clinical behavior.

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A Case Of Pancreatic Hamartoma Mimicking Malignancy: An Uncommon Pitfall

American Journal of Clinical Pathology ◽

10.1093/ajcp/aqaa161.160 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 154 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S73-S74

Author(s):

S Dasaraju ◽

S Liu ◽

R Kelly ◽

W Mneimneh

Keyword(s):

Final Diagnosis ◽

Pancreatic Tissue ◽

Cystic Mass ◽

Uncinate Process ◽

Clinical Suspicion ◽

Neuroendocrine Cells ◽

Proliferation Index ◽

Ki 67 ◽

Tumor Biopsy ◽

Cd34 Immunostain

Abstract Casestudy Hamartomas are benign, disordered, tumor-like growth of cellular constituents resembling the tissue of its origin. Hamartomas are usually seen in lung, heart, kidney and spleen. Pancreatic hamartomas (PH) are extremely rare, accounting for <1% of all hamartomas. PH occurs at any age (median: 50 years) without gender predilection. PH presents as single or multiple, solid and/or cystic mass composed of exocrine tissues. Admixed neuroendocrine cells may be seen, but well-formed islets are unusual. PH stroma is typically positive for CD34 by immunohistochemistry. We present a case of a PH resected for the clinical suspicion of malignancy, with the final diagnosis established postoperatively. The case is that of a 74-year-old male with an incidental 2.3 x 1.7 x 1.1 cm hyperenhancing solid mass of the pancreatic uncinate process, found during anemia workup. The radiologic appearance was suspicious for a neuroendocrine tumor. Biopsy of the mass showed benign-appearing pancreatic ductal and acinar tissue. Given the clinical suspicion of malignancy, the patient elected to undergo a pancreaticoduodenectomy. Macroscopically the mass was well-circumscribed with solid, tan-white, firm cut surface. Microscopic examination revealed well- circumscribed proliferation of disorderly-arranged, well-differentiated, bland exocrine pancreatic tissue. Chromogranin, synaptophysin and CD56 immunostains did not highlight significant neuroendocrine component. Ki-67 proliferation index was low (1%). CD34 and CD117 immunostains were negative in the stroma. The findings were consistent with PH. Conclusion PH may mimic a malignant process of the pancreas. The preoperative diagnosis of PH is extremely challenging due to the lack of characteristic clinical and radiological features, therefore, the diagnosis of PH is often made on resection specimen. CD34 immunostain is not always helpful for the diagnosis as it may be negative in PH stroma. Although extremely rare, pancreatic hamartoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a pancreatic tumor.

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A case of synchronous hepatocellular carcinoma and aortic body chemodectoma in a dog — Pathological case report

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica ◽

10.1556/avet.59.2011.1.10 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 59 (1) ◽

pp. 113-121

Author(s):

Ágnes Sterczer ◽

Tibor Németh ◽

Míra Mándoki ◽

Péter Gálfi ◽

Csaba Jakab

Keyword(s):

Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽

Neuroendocrine Tumour ◽

Primary Liver Cancer ◽

S100 Protein ◽

Neuron Specific Enolase ◽

Lateral Lobe ◽

Distant Metastases ◽

Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽

Proliferation Index ◽

Ki 67

The authors describe a case of synchronously occurring (double) tumours, i.e. primary hepatocellular carcinoma and aortic body chemodectoma in a 14-year-old mixed-breed male dog. The tumours were identified during necropsy, following euthanasia. In the last months of its life, the dog showed signs of weakness, anorexia, apathy, inactivity, and abdominal palpation elicited a painful reaction. The primary liver cancer emerged in the left lateral lobe without evidence of any distant metastases. Histopathological and immunohistochemical investigations revealed a well-differentiated, trabecular, claudin-7-, claudin-5- and pancytokeratin-negative hepatocellular carcinoma. The Ki-67 proliferation index was 33%. During necropsy, a synchronously occurring benign, grade I type aortic body chemodectoma was also detected in the dog. This neuroendocrine tumour showed chromogranin-, synaptophysin-, neuron-specific enolase- and S100 protein-positivity, and the Ki-67 proliferation index was 2%. The authors believe that this is the first description of synchronously occurring hepatocellular carcinoma and aortic body chemodectoma in a dog.

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Case Report: Myelodysplastic syndrome- associated myeloid sarcoma: an unusual clinical presentation of a rare disease

F1000Research ◽

10.12688/f1000research.7899.1 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 5 ◽

pp. 128 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Emoke Horvath ◽

Smaranda Demian ◽

Elod Nagy

Keyword(s):

Bone Marrow ◽

Myelodysplastic Syndrome ◽

Clinical Presentation ◽

Final Diagnosis ◽

Myeloid Sarcoma ◽

Proliferation Index ◽

Tumour Mass ◽

Ki 67 ◽

Blast Cells ◽

Diagnostic Pitfalls

Myeloid sarcoma results from the extramedullary homing and proliferation of immature myeloid precursors. We present the timeline, events and diagnostic pitfalls related to a 66 year-old male patient’s case, admitted to the Hematology Clinic for pancytopenia, fever, weight loss and fatigue. The severe cytopenia and the few blasts observed in his blood smear indicated a bone marrow biopsy. The bone marrow showed hypercellularity and multilineage dysplasia with the presence of 15% myeloblasts. After the biopsy, he promptly developed paraplegia and nuclear magnetic resonance revealed an epidural tumour which was then resected.In the epidural tumour mass blast-like, round cells were observed with a complex immunophenotype, characterized by myeloperoxidase, CD117, CD15, CD99, leucocyte common antigen positivity and a high Ki-67 proliferation index. Considering the main differential diagnostic issues, the final diagnosis was stated as myelodysplastic syndrome-associated myeloid sarcoma. The prognosis was unfavourable, the bone marrow was quickly invaded by proliferating blast cells, and despite chemotherapy attempts, the patient died.

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