scholarly journals Spindle Cell Melanoma Harboring a Nodule of Epitheloid Cell Melanoma Component: A Study of a Diagnostically Challenging Case

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-33
Author(s):  
V Bartos ◽  
A. Farkasova
Keyword(s):  
Spindle Cell ◽  
S100 Protein ◽  
Epithelioid Cell ◽  
Skin Tumor ◽  
Cell Component ◽  
Diagnostic Dilemma ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Proliferation Indices ◽  
Human Neoplasm ◽  
The Right

Abstract Background: Melanoma is a very heterogeneous human neoplasm. In addition to four major (conventional) histologic subtypes a number of uncommon variants do exist. Objective: An unusual case of a spindle cell melanoma (SCM) containing a demarcated nodule of conventional epitheliod cell melanoma component is described. Material and Methods: A 71-year-old man manifested with a protuberated ulcerated skin tumor arising on the right forearm. The resected biopsy was analyzed immunohistochemically with a variety of anti-human antibodies. Results: The tumor consisted of a highly cellular mass of spindle-shaped cells without any significant intratu-moral fibrosis. In addition, a nodule of epithelioid cell tumor component was present within the lesion. The spindle cell component showed a disperse reactivity for S100 protein and was negative for other melanocytic markers. It exhibited a very high mitotic activity and proliferation Ki-67 index. No melanin pigment was detected. In contrast, the epithelioid cell component was strongly positive for S100 protein, Melan-A/MART-1, HMB-45, and PNL-2. The mitotic and proliferation indices were much less pronounced and melanin deposits were visible. A diagnosis of a non-desmoplastic SCM harboring a nodule of epithelioid cell melanoma component was established. Conclusion: SCM often posses a diagnostic dilemma because its histomorphology is atypical and its immunohistochemical profile may differ from other subtypes of melanomas. The present paper points out this uncommon histopathological entity that may sometimes be encountered in dermatopathological practice and that requires more complex diagnostic approach.

scholarly journals Mandibular odontogenic sarcoma (ameloblastic fibrodentinosarcoma) in an aged cat — Short communication

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-95
Author(s):  
Gustavo A. Ramírez ◽  
Lorenzo Ressel ◽  
Jaume Altimira ◽  
Miquel Vilafranca
Keyword(s):  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
S100 Protein ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Proliferation Index ◽  
Cell Component ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Histologic Subtype ◽  
Odontogenic Tumours ◽  
Odontogenic Epithelium ◽  
Shaped Cell

A 13-year-old male cat presented with an ill-defined mass in the rostral mandible causing destruction and loss of alveolar bone. Microscopically, the mass consisted of cords or islands of benign odontogenic epithelium and a malignant, pleomorphic spindle-shaped cell component with dysplastic dentine formation. Immunohistochemically, neoplastic mesenchymal cells proved to be strongly positive for vimentin and negative for cytokeratins, desmin, actin and S100 protein; the Ki67 proliferation index was high. Morphological and immunohistochemical features largely overlap those reported for ameloblastic fibrodentinosarcoma, an uncommon histologic subtype of odontogenic sarcoma recognised in humans but no reported previously in animals. Ki-67 expression assessment may help to discriminate between malignant and benign forms of odontogenic tumours but the final diagnosis is mainly morphological.

Epithelioid Leiomyosarcoma of the External Deep Soft Tissue

2002 ◽  
Vol 126 (4) ◽  
pp. 468-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetsuji Yamamoto ◽  
Rieko Minami ◽  
Chiho Ohbayashi ◽  
Mayumi Inaba
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Epithelial Membrane Antigen ◽  
Spindle Cell ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
S100 Protein ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Deep Soft Tissue ◽  
Cell Component ◽  
Spindle Cell Component

Abstract Epithelioid leiomyosarcoma in the external deep soft tissue is extremely rare. Most epithelioid leiomyosarcomas occur in the uterus. We present a case of epithelioid leiomyosarcoma occurring in the muscle of the thigh of a 78-year-old man. Histologically, the tumor predominantly consisted of round or polygonal cells arranged in sheets with a focal spindle cell component. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that the tumor cells expressed vimentin, α-smooth muscle actin, and α-sarcomeric actin. The tumor was negative for desmin, S100 protein, glial fibrillary acidic protein, pan-keratin, epithelial membrane antigen, CAM 5.2, HMB-45, leukocyte common antigen, factor VIII–associated antigen, and CD34. Electron microscopically, some tumor cells contained abundant actin-type filaments in their cytoplasm.

A Diagnosis to Wrestle With: Intraventricular Angiomatoid Fibrous Histiocytoma

2019 ◽  
Vol 152 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S63-S64
Author(s):  
Margaux Canevari ◽  
Bryan Keenan ◽  
Iren Horkayne-Szakaly ◽  
Markku Miettinen
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Cell ◽  
Fibrous Histiocytoma ◽  
S100 Protein ◽  
Cell Component ◽  
Angiomatoid Fibrous Histiocytoma ◽  
Spine Ct ◽  
Visual Problems ◽  
Lymphoplasmacytic Infiltration ◽  
The Right

Abstract We report a case of a 15-year-old boy who presented with an intraventricular angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma. The patient suffered a concussion during a wrestling match and underwent a head and spine CT, which prompted an MRI. MRI revealed an enhancing 2.3-cm mass in the posterior horn of the right lateral ventricle with no hydrocephalus. The patient subsequently admitted to having had headaches with associated appetite suppression but no visual problems or weakness. The tumor was resected. It was composed of sheets and cords of histiocytoid cells with focal pleomorphism. Interspersed throughout was a robust lymphoplasmacytic infiltration with Russell bodies and lymphoid follicles. The histiocytoid neoplastic cells were desmin, EMA, and sparsely S100 protein positive. They were negative for CD31, CD34, Cam 5.2, CD163, CD1a, HMB45, Melan-A, progesterone, and ERG. The abundant plasma cell population was confirmed by CD138 reactivity and was polyclonal by kappa and lambda immunohistochemistry. Fluorescence in situ hybridization revealed an EWSR gene rearrangement. The patient was radiographically free of disease 3 years after surgery with headaches as residual sequela. The differential diagnosis for this case included a lymphoplasmacyte-rich meningioma or a plasmacytoma. The EWSR rearrangement made both of these unlikely. The polyclonal nature of the plasma cell component and the age of the patient also argued against plasmacytoma. A literature search revealed one other ventricular-based angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma in a pediatric patient.

Cerebral Metastasis from an Epithelioid Malignant Schwannoma: Case Report

Neurosurgery ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 906-909 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincenzo D'Angelo ◽  
Gianpiero Casadei ◽  
Luigi Bizzozero
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Brain Metastasis ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Spindle Cell ◽  
S100 Protein ◽  
Neuron Specific Enolase ◽  
Cerebral Metastasis ◽  
Malignant Schwannoma ◽  
Nerve Sheath ◽  
The Right

Abstract The authors present a case of brain metastasis from an epithelioid malignant schwannoma. The patient previously had undergone a surgical resection of the primary tumor in the right forearm. The neoplasm was composed of nests of cells with an entirely epithelioid appearance without spindle cell areas. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells stained positive for S100 protein and negative for cytokeratin, neuron-specific enolase, and anti-melanoma antiserum. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of cerebral metastasis from an epithelioid malignant tumor of the peripheral nerve sheath.

Endometrioid Endometrial Carcinoma With Spindle Cells–Aberrant p16 and p53 Expression

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-207
Author(s):  
Snehal Sonawane ◽  
Osama Elfituri ◽  
Yanmin Zhang ◽  
Edgardo Yordan ◽  
Nicholas Ree
Keyword(s):  
Endometrial Carcinoma ◽  
Spindle Cell ◽  
Tumor Type ◽  
Immunohistochemical Expression ◽  
Cell Component ◽  
Diagnostic Dilemma ◽  
P53 Overexpression ◽  
P53 Expression ◽  
Spindle Cells ◽  
Endometrioid Endometrial Carcinoma

Endometrioid carcinoma is known for its diverse morphology and may pose a diagnostic dilemma when it presents with a spindle cell component. We present a case of a 65-year-old woman with postmenopausal bleeding. Physical examination showed a mass protruding from the external cervical os. The patient underwent biopsy followed by hysterectomy. Pathologic examination showed an endometrioid endometrial carcinoma with spindle cell differentiation arising in an endometrial polyp, which raised a variety of differential diagnoses. Prior reports of this tumor type showed nonaberrant immunohistochemical expression of p16 and p53. However, this case showed p16 and p53 overexpression indicating that there is a spectrum of these tumors.

Pigmented Perivascular Epithelioid Cell Tumor of the Kidney

2009 ◽  
Vol 133 (12) ◽  
pp. 1981-1984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaharu Fukunaga ◽  
Tohru Harada
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Spindle Cell ◽  
S100 Protein ◽  
Epithelioid Cell ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Perivascular Epithelioid Cell Tumor ◽  
Perivascular Epithelioid Cell ◽  
Spindle Cell Proliferation ◽  
Clear Cytoplasm

Abstract A case of pigmented perivascular epithelioid cell tumor of the kidney in a 57-year-old woman with a clinically indicated tuberous sclerosis is presented. The lesion was a 3.0-cm, well-demarcated, black-colored mass. The tumor was histologically characterized by an epithelioid arrangement of round to polygonal cells with round nuclei and clear cytoplasm containing abundant melanin. Tumor cells showed mild atypia and low mitotic activity. A spindle cell proliferation was focally observed. There were no adipose elements or thick-walled vascular vessels. The stroma demonstrated intervening, thin, fibrovascular septa. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were strongly positive for HMB-45 but negative for epithelial and muscle markers, vimentin, and S100 protein. The patient had no evidence of disease 3 months after surgery. Pathologists and clinicians should know about the existence of pigmented perivascular epithelioid cell tumor of the kidney. This type of tumor should be differentiated from clear cell renal cell carcinoma or malignant melanoma.

Cutaneous Eccrine Adenolipoma with a Spindle Cell Component

2020 ◽  
Vol 154 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S21-S22
Author(s):  
S S Karimi ◽  
M Braniecki ◽  
M Bain ◽  
N Jetter ◽  
T Murray
Keyword(s):  
Spindle Cell ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Punch Biopsy ◽  
Sweat Glands ◽  
Cell Component ◽  
Spindle Cell Component ◽  
Eccrine Glands ◽  
Stromal Component ◽  
Pathological Evaluation ◽  
The Right

Abstract Introduction/Objective Cutaneous adenolipoma is a rare, benign variant of solitary lipoma characterized by a mature adipocytic proliferation with entrapped eccrine or apocrine sweat glands. It is found predominately in middle-aged females, with a predilection for lower extremities including the thigh and gluteal regions. Cutaneous adenolipoma is presumed to be a hamartomatous process. Herein, we report a unique case of a cutaneous eccrine adenolipoma with a spindle cell component, namely, an early evolving spindle cell adenolipoma. Methods A 43-year-old female with a recurrent history of hidradenitis presented with a 2.7 cm x 1.5 cm x 0.7 cm soft, mobile nodule on the right posterior thigh. It had been present for at least four months and clinically resembled a lipoma. An excisional punch biopsy was performed for pathological evaluation. A concurrent nevus lipomatosus superficialis was diagnosed from the right perineum. Results Gross examination of the thigh nodule revealed fragments of a tan-yellow, lobulated, fatty lesion. Microscopic examination demonstrated a benign lipomatous proliferation with entrapped eccrine glands associated with a surrounding spindle cell stroma. Initial differential diagnosis included a cutaneous eccrine adenolipoma variant and a cutaneous mixed solitary hamartoma composed of admixed neural, eccrine and lipomatous components. Immunohistochemical staining showed uptake for CD34 and CD10 in the spindle cell stromal component, but negative for desmin and S100. Based on our histopathological findings, our diagnosis of an eccrine cutaneous adenolipoma with a spindle cell component was rendered. This unique lesion displayed features of an evolving spindle cell lipoma with entrapped sweat glands, which may be viewed as an early stage of a dermal spindle cell adenolipoma. Conclusion Cutaneous eccrine adenolipoma is a rare, benign lipomatous neoplasm with entrapped sweat glands that can also show a spindle cell component. We share this rare lesion exemplifying the histomorphological spectrum of a lipomatous hamartoma and to highlight the recognition of a cutaneous adenolipoma.

scholarly journals Gingival metastasis of a mediastinal pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma: a case report

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhonghua Qin ◽  
Bin Huang ◽  
Guiping Yu ◽  
Yongqiang Zheng ◽  
Ke Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Sarcomatoid Carcinoma ◽  
Posterior Mediastinum ◽  
Diagnostic Dilemma ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Gingival Metastasis ◽  
Pulmonary Sarcomatoid Carcinoma ◽  
Tumor Metastases ◽  
Rare Malignancy ◽  
The Right

Abstract Background Pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma (PSC) is a rare malignancy with both epithelial and sarcoma components, and high tumor metastasis potential. Case presentation A 63-year-old male patient had a tumor in the right posterior mediastinum, and was eventually diagnosed with PSC and gingival metastasis. The patient underwent thoracoscopic right upper pneumonectomy with lymph node dissections, and the subsequent gingival biopsy revealed a metastatic PSC. The immunohistochemistry revealed that both PSC site tissues were positive for vimentin, CKAE1/AE3 and Ki-67. The patient received radiotherapy and chemotherapy after surgery, and deceased two months later due to systemic tumor metastases. Conclusion PSC metastasis is variable, and leads to diagnostic dilemma or erroneous diagnosis. A differential diagnosis can help to distinguish it from gingival cancer.

scholarly journals Inflammatory Pseudotumor Containing Necrotizing Granulomatous Lesions of Kidney: A Hitherto Undescribed Entity

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Tadashi Terada
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Pseudotumor ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Spindle Cell ◽  
S100 Protein ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Spindle Cells ◽  
Cell Tissue ◽  
Granulomatous Lesions ◽  
Necrotizing Granulomas

Herein reported is a case of inflammatory pseudotumor (IPT) of kidney. It is not described in WHO, AFIP, and other books. A review of the literature revealed about 35 cases. A 76-year-old man underwent nephrectomy under clinical diagnosis of renal pelvic carcinoma. Grossly, a solid tumor was seen in renal parenchyma. Microscopically, it was composed of spindle cell tissue with inflammation and many necrotizing granulomas. Epithelioid histiocytes were abundant but giant cells were few. Lymphocytes and plasma cells were also seen. The features suggested tuberculosis (TB), but Ziehl-Neelsen stains and PCR revealed no TB bacillus. Immunohistochemistry showed that the tumor spindle cells were positive for vimentin, CD68, CD45, and Ki-67 (labeling = 18%), α-smooth muscle antigen, and NSE. Focal staining of KIT (mast cells), S100 protein (Langerhans cells), and CD10 (spindle cells) was present. IgG4 was negative. The tumor spindle cells were negative for other antigens examined.

Expression of Melanoma Antigens in Epithelioid Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors: A Potential Diagnostic Pitfall

2008 ◽  
Vol 132 (8) ◽  
pp. 1302-1306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet L. Guler ◽  
Jason A. Daniels ◽  
Susan C. Abraham ◽  
Elizabeth A. Montgomery
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ◽  
Spindle Cell ◽  
S100 Protein ◽  
Tissue Microarrays ◽  
Gastric Lesions ◽  
Diagnostic Dilemma ◽  
Stromal Tumors ◽  
Diagnostic Pitfall ◽  
Melanoma Antigens ◽  
Hmb 45

Abstract Context.—Most gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) express CD117/c-kit, as do a subset of metastatic melanomas, leading to a diagnostic dilemma in some cases. Objective.—To further differentiate GISTs from melanoma, we investigated expression of melanoma markers in GISTs using a well-characterized set of gastric lesions on tissue microarrays. Design.—Tissue microarrays from paraffin-embedded tissue cores from 38 patients were stained with S100 protein, HMB-45, and Melan-A antibodies. All cases had been previously stained with CD117/c-kit and CD34 antibodies. All were reactive with CD117/c-kit, and 88.2% expressed CD34. Results.—S100 protein was focally expressed in 2 (5.3%) of 38 GISTs; these lesions lacked HMB-45 and Melan-A labeling. No tumor labeled with HMB-45, but 4 (10.6%) of 38 cases labeled with Melan-A antibodies. The Melan-A–reactive cases were all S100 negative and CD34 positive. The S100-reactive cases were spindle cell neoplasms, whereas the Melan-A–reactive cases were epithelioid neoplasms (4/9; 44%). An additional 15 standard sections of separate cases of epithelioid GISTs were then labeled with Melan-A, and 5 (33%) of 15 showed at least focal labeling. Conclusions.—Melan-A staining can be encountered in a subset of epithelioid GISTs, a finding that can suggest a differential diagnosis of melanoma. In this series, the Melan-A–reactive cases lacked S100 protein and expressed CD34, both of which would be unlikely in melanoma. As such, a panel approach is best in differentiating epithelioid GISTs from melanoma.

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