Intertextuelle Relationen in der Zeitungslandschaft des 18. Jahrhunderts: Close und Distant Reading von Ausgaben der Wiener und Preßburger Zeitung

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-29
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Close Reading ◽  
Complex Relationship ◽  
Distant Reading ◽  
Habsburg Monarchy ◽  
Reading Methods ◽  
Digital Methods ◽  
Formal Design

Abstract In this article, two important newspapers of the Habsburg monarchy – the Wiener Zeitung (previously: Wien[n]erisches Diarium) and the Preßburger Zeitung – are related to each other in several aspects. After a historical overview of the context in which these periodicals were created and taking into account the research literature already available, the first step was to look for parallels in their formal design. Since both newspapers have also been digitally made accessible in full text recently, it was also possible to determine approximately how frequent direct mutual references to the other periodical occur by means of so-called distant reading procedures. Close reading methods were then used to examine and interpret the corpus-based references. This comparative approach with digital methods allows the synoptic examination of individual text passages and thus offers new insights into the complex relationship between the Wiener Zeitung and the Preßburger Zeitung in the 18th century.

Polikarpov’s Primer of the 1701: Elementary education project in transitional Russia

2017 ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Vitaly G. Bezrogov
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Education ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Religious Education ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Close Reading ◽  
Education Project ◽  
Reading Methods ◽  
Study Materials ◽  
Early 18Th Century ◽  
Theological Concept

The article discusses one of the first Muscovy primers printed in the early 18th century and used for over fifty years. The primer’s structure and its overall concept are analysed in detail. The article also considers the primer’s dictionary section and the theological concept which allowed to offer Russian students a three-language study book containing study materials in three languages (Church Slavonic, Greek, and Latin) but one Orthodox credo. Close reading methods allowed the author to consider such type of early Modern primers as a tool for strict confessional religious education and not for wider purposes.

scholarly journals Combining Close and Distant Reading: A Multiscalar Analysis of the English Lake District's Historical Soundscape

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna E. Taylor ◽  
Ian N. Gregory ◽  
Christopher Donaldson
Keyword(s):  
Text Analysis ◽  
Close Reading ◽  
Distant Reading ◽  
Lake District ◽  
Literary Scholarship ◽  
Literary Research ◽  
English Lake District ◽  
Binary Oppositions ◽  
Digital Methods ◽  
Eighteenth And Nineteenth Centuries

This article joins calls for literary scholarship to move beyond the limitations of binary oppositions between ‘close’ and ‘distant’ reading and towards the development of approaches that exploit the macroanalytic potential of digital methods alongside the nuanced analysis that characterises literary scholarship. Drawing on a customised corpus of writing about the English Lake District, we model the application of a multiscalar approach known as geographical text analysis (GTA), which combines aspects of close reading and distant reading, and, in doing so, introduces a new method for literary research. Here, we focus on historical descriptions of the Lake District's soundscape to demonstrate both how perceptions of sound changed over the course of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, and how multi-scalar methods can uniquely uncover such historical-literary shifts. Sound, we argue, offers a particularly useful focus since it allows us to draw fruitful parallels between our methods and those applied by the writers we study. In this way, this article advocates for digital humanities scholarship that advances our disciplines in conversation with appropriate historical modes.

Digital Curation, AustLit, and Australian Children's Literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Amy Cross ◽  
Cherie Allan ◽  
Kerry Kilner
Keyword(s):  
Children's Literature ◽  
Cultural History ◽  
Literary History ◽  
Children’S Literature ◽  
Distant Reading ◽  
Critical Spaces ◽  
Reading Methods ◽  
Digital Curation ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Significant Attention

This paper examines the effects of curatorial processes used to develop children's literature digital research projects in the bibliographic database AustLit. Through AustLit's emphasis on contextualising individual works within cultural, biographical, and critical spaces, Australia's literary history is comprehensively represented in a unique digital humanities space. Within AustLit is BlackWords, a project dedicated to recording Australia's Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander storytelling, publishing, and literary cultural history, including children's and young adult texts. Children's literature has received significant attention in AustLit (and BlackWords) over the last decade through three projects that are documented in this paper. The curation of this data highlights the challenges in presenting ‘national’ literatures in countries where minority voices were (and perhaps continue to be) repressed and unseen. This paper employs a ‘resourceful reading’ approach – both close and distant reading methods – to trace the complex and ever-evolving definition of ‘Australian children's literature’.

Physical Therapists’ Experiences Updating the Clinical Management of Walking Rehabilitation After Stroke: A Qualitative Study

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (6) ◽  
pp. 556-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy M. Salbach ◽  
Paula Veinot ◽  
Susan Rappolt ◽  
Mark Bayley ◽  
Dawn Burnett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Management ◽  
Research Evidence ◽  
Physical Therapists ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Efficient Access ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Walking Rehabilitation ◽  
Ease Of Access

Background: Little is known about physical therapists’ experiences using research evidence to improve the delivery of stroke rehabilitation. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to explore how physical therapists use research evidence to update the clinical management of walking rehabilitation after stroke. Specific objectives were to identify physical therapists’ clinical questions related to walking rehabilitation, sources of information sought to address these questions, and factors influencing the incorporation of research evidence into practice. Design and Methods: Two authors conducted in-depth telephone interviews with 23 physical therapists who treat people with stroke and who had participated in a previous survey on evidence-based practice. Data were analyzed with a constant comparative approach to identify emerging themes. Results: Therapists commonly raised questions about the selection of treatments or outcome measures. Therapists relied foremost on peers for information because of their availability, ease of access, and minimal cost. Participants sought information from research literature themselves or with the help of librarians or students. Research syntheses (eg, systematic reviews) enabled access to a body of research. Older therapists described insufficient computer and search skills. Most participants considered appraisal and application of research findings challenging and identified insufficient time and peer isolation as organizational barriers to the use of research. Conclusions: Physical therapists require efficient access to research syntheses primarily to inform the measurement and treatment of walking limitation after stroke. Continuing education is needed to enhance skills in appraising research findings and applying them to practice. Older therapists require additional training to develop computer and search skills. Peer networks and student internships may optimize the exchange of new knowledge for therapists working in isolation.

scholarly journals Beyond Darwinian Distance: Situating Distant Reading in a Feminist Ut Pictura Poesis Tradition

PMLA ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 132 (3) ◽  
pp. 659-667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Marie Rhody
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
National Endowment ◽  
Distant Reading ◽  
Western Tradition ◽  
Parts Of Speech ◽  
Reading Methods ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Sister Arts ◽  
The Devil ◽  
Ut Pictura Poesis

The challenge facing “distant reading” has less to do with Franco Moretti's assertion that we must learn “how not to read” than with his implication that looking should take the place of reading. Not reading is the dirty open secret of all literary critics-there will always be that book (or those books) that you should have read, have not read, and probably won't read. Moretti is not endorsing a disinterest in reading either, like that reported in the 2004 National Endowment for the Arts' Reading at Risk, which notes that less than half the adult public in the United States read a work of literature in 2002 (3). In his “little pact with the devil” that substitutes patterns of devices, themes, tropes, styles, and parts of speech for thousands or millions of texts at a time, the devil is the image: trees, networks, and maps-spatial rather than verbal forms representing a textual corpus that disappears from view. In what follows, I consider Distant Reading as participating in the ut pictura poesis tradition-that is, the Western tradition of viewing poetry and painting as sister arts-to explain how ingrained our resistances are to Moretti's formalist approach. I turn to more recent interart examples to suggest interpretive alternatives to formalism for distant-reading methods.

World Literature as a Speculative Literary Totality: Veselovsky, Auerbach, Said, and the Critical-Humanist Tradition

2021 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-251
Author(s):  
Ben Etherington
Keyword(s):  
World Literature ◽  
Close Reading ◽  
Distant Reading ◽  
Literary Practice ◽  
The Face ◽  
Humanist Tradition ◽  
Literary Experience

Abstract This essay revisits critical-humanist approaches to literary totality that have largely been sidelined during the recent revival of world literature studies. While there has been no shortage of defenses of close reading in the face of distant reading and other positivist approaches, this essay argues that it is precisely the hermeneutic attention to particular works that has allowed critical humanists to think about literary practice within the most encompassing purview. For those in this tradition, “world literature” can never be a stable object but is a speculative totality. The essay discusses three exemplary critical concepts that assume a speculative epistemology of literary totality: Alexander Veselovsky’s “historical poetics,” Erich Auerbach’s “Ansatzpunkt,” and Edward Said’s “contrapuntal reading.” Each, it is argued, is grounded in the distinctive qualities of literary experience, a claim for which Theodor Adorno’s account of speculative thinking serves as a basis.

scholarly journals Inadequate burials as an important factor in plague epidemic amongst Serbs in the Habsburg Monarchy by the end of the 18th century: A historical analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 142 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 764-767 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goran Vasin ◽  
Snezana Bozanic ◽  
Milica Kisic-Bozic
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Habsburg Monarchy ◽  
Historical Process ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
Burial Rituals

Analysis of the archaic customs of burying the deceased in Srem, primarily amongst Serbs, in the second half of the 18th century is the essential part of the paper that aims at clarifying the consequences of this negative habit onto the spreading of plague epidemic. The Austrian Empire tried to stop and prevent the epidemic with an array of legal norms, but in practice, these orders were often not upheld. Serbian Metropolitans Pavle Nenadovic and Stefan Stratimirovic insisted on eradicating superstition and retrograde, often uncivilized actions in burial rituals, and they partially succeeded. The example of plague in Irig and the surroundings in 1795-1796 explicitly shows the hazardous effects of the inadequate attitude towards the deceased as one of the factors in spreading the epidemic. Using primary archives, and published sources, with adequate literature, authors depict this complex historical process.

scholarly journals LEGAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL SITUATION IN AGRICULTURE OF THE VIROVITICA COUNTY AND THE CITY OF OSIJEK IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE 18TH CENTURY

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-84
Author(s):  
Daniel Haman ◽  
◽  
Darko Iljkić ◽  
Ivana Varga
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Habsburg Monarchy ◽  
New Era ◽  
Regional Administration ◽  
Short Time ◽  
The City ◽  
Laws And Regulations

The Treaty of Karlowitz signed in 1699 concluded the rule of the Ottoman Empire in most parts of Central and Eastern Europe. Liberation of Osijek in 1687, and consequently of whole Slavonia in 1699 brought a new era of freedom and prosperity to its citizens. At least for a short time, since the Habsburg Monarchy re-established their rule over the country by bringing feudal laws and regulations back into force. Austrian empress and Hungarian-Croatian Queen Maria Theresa united Slavonia with Croatia, and re-established the counties of Virovitica, Požega and Syrmia, meaning that the regional administration of Slavonia was completely relinquished to the civil authorities.

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