A place too crowded to study: The impact of student cohort growth on the probability of university dropout

Introduction: This study examines the influence of major fluctuations in the number of students enrolling at university on the probability of dropout or a switch to a different course of study. Findings from the US show that a pronounced increase in student numbers leads to more dropouts. Materials and methods: This article provides an analysis of this relationship for the first time outside the US and for an entire university system. We use administrative data for all the students who started studying at Swiss universities between 1980 and 2001. Results: The results suggest a significant relationship between positive cohort growth and the probability of dropout. A reduction in student numbers, on the other hand, does not increase the probability of persistence. Discussion: Despite the negative influence of a big cohort on the probability of persistence, no statistically significant relationship exists, by contrast, between the change in student numbers and the probability of a student switching to a different course of study.

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The Impact of Non-trading Periods on the Measurement of Volatility

Review of Pacific Basin Financial Markets and Policies ◽

10.1142/s0219091510002098 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 13 (04) ◽

pp. 607-620 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Yaw-Huei Wang ◽

Yu-Jen Hsiao

Keyword(s):

Relevant Information ◽

The Other ◽

Day Trading ◽

Other Hand ◽

The Us ◽

Macro News ◽

The Uk ◽

The Impact

Based upon the theory of the "arrival of news", the main purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of non-trading periods on the measurement of volatility for the S&P 500, FTSE 100, and TAIEX indices. Using an adaptation of the GJR (1,1) model, we find that both weekday holiday periods and half-day trading periods have significant impacts on the estimation of volatility for the S&P 500 and FTSE 100 indices. On the other hand, weekends have significant impacts for the TAIEX index. Our findings imply that for the UK and US markets, much less relevant information is produced during weekends, while more relevant information continues to be produced during other types of non-trading periods. However, the weekend volatility of the Taiwan market is specially driven because the US macro news is announced on Fridays and the trading time of the US market is later than that of the Taiwan market without any overlapping.

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The Impact of Promotional Tools on Sales Promotion

Journal of Public Administration and Governance ◽

10.5296/jpag.v4i2.5845 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 202 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Adeel Meo ◽

Muhammad Daniyal Abbas ◽

Muhammad Nadeem Sajjad ◽

Muhammad Rizwan ◽

Sayed shahbaz hussain Bukhari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Significant Relationship ◽

Purchase Intention ◽

Research Paper ◽

Vital Role ◽

Sales Promotion ◽

The Other ◽

Buying Behavior ◽

Other Hand ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Impact

The main reason of conducting this research was to explore the influence of social surrounding, discount level and buying behavior on sales promotion. The research results found that there was no significant relationship of social surrounding, discount level with sales promotion. But on the other hand buying behavior, free sample, price reduction has a significant relationship with sales promotion. The results of this research paper will help the marketers to understand best promotional techniques to increase significantly in their sales as well as revenues. This research paper also plays a vital role in helping businessmen to develop their business planes more effectively so that they can get the competitive advantage over their competitors and make them able to maximize their profits.In total 180 Questionnaires were distributed by hand in different department of Islamia University of Bahawalpur. Data was feed in SPSS. This research was done on different sales promotional techniques.Findings shows that different sales promotional techniques have impact on consumer buying behavior and purchase intention for all type of products on the other hand there is no significant effect of discount level and social surrounding on sales promotion.

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Blissed ignorance?

Nutrition & Food Science ◽

10.1108/nfs-12-2013-0144 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 44 (4) ◽

pp. 345-362 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Gianluca Stefani ◽

Alessio Cavicchi ◽

Donato Romano

Keyword(s):

Willingness To Pay ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Production Method ◽

Negative Influence ◽

Communication Strategy ◽

Experimental Auctions ◽

Content Type ◽

Production Methods ◽

The Impact ◽

First Time

Purpose – The purpose of this study was to explore the impact of information on origin, “typicalness”, production method and flavour on the willingness to pay and the sensorial appreciation of Tuscan sanguinaccio (Italian Salami). Design/methodology/approach – The goal of the study was to explore how differences between willingness to pay and sensorial appreciation (measured using a hedonic score) for the three types are influenced by the nature of the sensorial and non-sensorial information available to the consumer. To evaluate reaction to sensorial information, typical information regimes used in works on degree of disconfirmation (Schifferstein, 2001) were adopted, that is, visual examination of the product with indication of the name and tasting of the labelled product. Findings – Analysis of the results of the experiments indicates that Mallegato and Biroldo have particular characteristics that make it critical to promote them to a vast public. The information on the production methods and ingredients seemed to interact negatively with the sensorial perception of the product after tasting, probably because of the presence of blood and other problematic components (for example, components of the pig head in Biroldo) among the ingredients. Research limitations/implications – Limited size of the sample and a gastronomic niche product analyzed. Practical implications – The negative influence of the processed information has to be considered to efficiently communicate the typicalness of these salami products. In fact, whilst for other traditional products, different kinds of information related to process, raw materials, recipes and, more generally, tradition can be jointly used to increase the arousal and the expectation on products quality characteristics, in this case, the communication strategy has to carefully consider the limit of these product components. Originality/value – For the first time the use of experimental auctions investigate the role of problematic information, such as the presence of blood, on consumers’ preference towards a typical gastronomic product.

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Fed move boosts tight Latin American monetary policy

Emerald Expert Briefings ◽

10.1108/oxan-db207557 ◽

2015 ◽

Keyword(s):

Monetary Policy ◽

Interest Rates ◽

Latin American ◽

Commodity Prices ◽

Content Type ◽

The Us ◽

Capital Outflows ◽

Government Bond Markets ◽

The Impact ◽

First Time

Subject The impact of US monetary policy tightening. Significance Following the US Federal Reserve's (Fed) historic decision to raise rates for the first time since 2006, the start of the Fed's monetary tightening cycle is accentuating the hawkish stance of Latin America's main central banks. This comes amid a dramatic sell-off in commodity markets, persistent concerns about China's economy and a severe deterioration in economic conditions across the region. Impacts EM asset prices have remained relatively resilient to the rise in US interest rates, in stark contrast to the 'taper tantrum' in 2013. Hitherto-resilient regional local currency government bond markets will face foreign capital outflows due to falling commodity prices. The Brazilian real is 2015's worst-performing major EM currency, but due largely to political and economic difficulties at home.

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Integrating ESG Analysis into Smart Beta Strategies

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12229351 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (22) ◽

pp. 9351

Author(s):

Federica Ielasi ◽

Paolo Ceccherini ◽

Pietro Zito

Keyword(s):

Investment Analysis ◽

The Other ◽

Portfolio Rebalancing ◽

A Value ◽

Ex Post ◽

The Us ◽

Ex Ante ◽

The Impact ◽

Smart Beta ◽

Increase In Risk

Smart beta strategy is an increasingly frequent approach to investment analysis for portfolio selection and optimization and it can be combined with environmental, social, and governance (ESG) considerations. In order to verify the impact of the integration between ESG and smart beta analysis, first we apply a portfolio rebalancing based on ESG scores on securities selected according to different smart beta strategies (ex-post ESG rebalancing approach). Secondly, we apply different smart beta approaches to sustainable portfolios, screened according to the issuers’ ESG scores (ex-ante ESG screening approach). We find that ESG rebalancing and screening are able to impact both on return and risk statistics, but with a different level of efficiency for each smart beta strategy. ESG rebalancing proves to be particularly efficient when it is applied to a “Value” portfolio. On the other hand, when smart beta is applied to ESG-screened portfolios, “Growth” is the strategy which shows the highest increase in risk-adjusted performance, particularly in the US. Minimum volatility proves to be the most efficient smart beta strategy for sustainable portfolios. In general, the increase in the level of sustainability does not deteriorate the risk-adjusted performances of most smart beta strategies.

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Determinants of Marathoners’ event expenditures: an in-depth exploration of past experience

Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Insights ◽

10.1108/jhti-09-2018-0062 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 110-120 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kwangsoo Park ◽

Jeong-Yeol Park ◽

Robin M. Back

Keyword(s):

Negative Influence ◽

Total Expenditure ◽

Related Factors ◽

Planning Time ◽

Content Type ◽

Food And Beverage ◽

Past Experiences ◽

The Impact ◽

First Time ◽

Repeat Visits

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the determinants of Marathon event spending by estimated expenditure models. Design/methodology/approach This study analyzes the impact of socio-demographic and travel-context factors on aggregated and disaggregated expenditures by event visitors who participated in the Fargo Marathon in Fargo, North Dakota. Findings The results indicate that event satisfaction does not have an influence on any types of expenditure. As the planning time increases, however, there is a positive effect on total expenditure. First-time visitors are shown to spend more money, especially on food and beverage, lodging and total expenditure. Conversely, the number of past experiences of the event had a negative influence on these expenditure types. Originality/value In addition to travel-related factors and socio-demographic variables, researchers had not examined the influence of repeat visits on travelers’ spending. The originality of this study lies in revealing that repeat visits decrease spending in specific categories, especially in the case of a Marathon event.

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Airport Railroad Service Kualanamu Elasticity (Airport Railink Service)

Jurnal Perkeretaapian Indonesia ◽

10.37367/jpi.v2i1.23 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 22-33

Author(s):

Mariana Diah Puspitasari ◽

Dedik Tri Istiantara

Keyword(s):

Travel Time ◽

The Other ◽

Demand Elasticity ◽

Private Company ◽

Train Station ◽

Ticket Price ◽

International Airport ◽

Link Service ◽

The Impact ◽

First Time

In July 25th, 2013 Indonesia for the first time provided rail link service from and to an airport. It particularly was operated from and to Kualanamu International Airport (KNIA), Deli Serdang, North Sumatera, which was also operated for the first time on that date. Managing the airport rail link service, a private company namely PT. Railink basically is the subsidiary company of PT. Angkasa Pura II (Persero) and PT. Kereta Api Indonesia (Persero). The price of train ticket, in fact, is getting higher as time goes by. It is noted that the ticket price has increased from IDR 80K to IDR 100K since January 15th, 2015. Concerning this situation, this study is conducted to investigate the demand elasticity of the airport rail link service from and to Kualanamu International Airport as well as factors in taking the airport rail link. The result of the study reveals that the demand of airport rail link service as the impact of the increasing of the ticket price is inelastic since its value of elasticity reaches -0.38. The other result, moreover, finds six reasons influencing people to go with airport rail link: comfort, punctuality, speed or travel time, practicality, access to train station, and other modes’ tariff.

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The application of generalized additive models (GAMs) for assessing the teleconnection of ENSO and IOD with monsoon rainfall variability over Krishna river basin, India

Journal of Agrometeorology ◽

10.54386/jam.v22i1.119 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 33-40

Author(s):

MALLAPPA J. MADOLLI ◽

UMESH MADOLLI ◽

HUMA KOUSAR SANGRESKOP ◽

GOUDA P.A.

Keyword(s):

River Basin ◽

Monsoon Rainfall ◽

Rainfall Variability ◽

Generalized Additive Models ◽

Negative Influence ◽

Additive Models ◽

The Other ◽

Policy Makers ◽

The Impact ◽

Heavy Rainfall Events

The present study examines the teleconnection of ENSO andIOD with monsoon rainfall (MN) and low, moderate and heavy rainfall events (LREs, MREs and HREs) over the Krishna river basin, using generalized additive models (GAMs) with suitable distribution. The outputs of GAMs indicate that, Poisson distribution is superior to the other distributions in assessing the teleconnection of ENSO-MN-IOD in the study area. Further, study resultsshowed that ENSO and IOD has significant (p < 0.001) non-linear responses to theLREs, MREs,HREs and MN. The influence of IOD on MN, LREs, MREs and HREs found positive on some parts, while negative on the other parts of the study area (i.e. heterogeneous in nature). While, ENSO has consistent negative influence on MN, LREs, MREs and HREsin the study area. Furthermore, La Niña and El Niño had positive and negative influenceon the MN, LREs, MREs and HREs respectively. The study outcomes will help the hydro-meteorologist and water related policy makers in modeling the impact of monsoon rainfall system on water, agriculture and allied sectors.

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Effects of wild boar grazing on the yield of summer truffle (Tuscany, Italy)

Acta Mycologica ◽

10.5586/am.2013.009 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 48 (1) ◽

pp. 73-80 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Elena Salerni ◽

Lorenzo Gardin ◽

Francesca Baglioni ◽

Claudia Perini

Keyword(s):

Wild Boar ◽

Sampling Design ◽

Forest Products ◽

Negative Influence ◽

Economic Damage ◽

Fruiting Bodies ◽

Tuber Aestivum ◽

The Impact ◽

First Time

The research presented here seeks to describe the impact of wild boar to a natural truffle ground of Tuber aestivum Vittad. on Monte Amiata (Tuscany – Italy). Pedoclimatic analyses indicated that the selected area could be considered suitable for the truffle production. Then classification of the vegetation of a Quercus cerris forest was carried out exploring the possibility of the BACI (Before-After-Control-Impact) sampling design. Finally 10 plots were selected, half of which have been fenced. For the first time the impact of wild boar was evaluated by estimating the surface area turned over by its activity. Moreover in each plot the number and weight of summer truffles was performed every 10 days during the fruiting period (June-November 2006-2008). The hypothesis that the presence of Sus scrofa has a strong negative influence on truffle harvesting has been amply confirmed by the data presented here, given the large increase of fruiting bodies of the summer truffle collected in the fenced plots. Consequently the destructive behaviour of the wild boar imply not only an ecological but also an economic damage in areas in which non-wood forest products are an important source of income.

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Different types of rupture of the tumor capsule and the impact on survival in early ovarian carcinoma

International Journal of Gynecological Cancer ◽

10.1046/j.1525-1438.1994.04050333.x ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 4 (5) ◽

pp. 333-336 ◽

Cited By ~ 88

Author(s):

K. SjÖVall ◽

B. Nilsson ◽

N. Einhorn

Keyword(s):

Ovarian Carcinoma ◽

Negative Influence ◽

The Other ◽

Tumor Capsule ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Different Types ◽

Impact On Survival ◽

The Subject ◽

Intraoperative Rupture ◽

The Impact

The significance of tumor spill in the early stages of ovarian carcinoma has been the subject of controversy. Since rupture of the capsule of the tumor may occur in several different ways, we analyzed all cases of early ovarian cancer treated at Radiumhemmet, Stockholm, Sweden, during the period 1974–1986, in which possible spill of tumor cells was catalogued in different groups. In 247 out of 394 patients (62%) the risk of spill had to be considered. There was no difference in survival between patients whose tumors had intact capsules and patients in whom rupture occurred during surgery—78% and 85%, respectively. On the other hand, a significant difference in survival was found between patients in whom rupture occurred before surgery and those with intraoperative rupture—59% and 85%, respectively. The conclusion can be drawn that manipulation during surgery which results in puncture or rupture does not have a negative influence on the outcome for the patients.

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