Emotional regulation in eating disorders and gambling disorder: A transdiagnostic approach

AbstractBackground and aimsDifficulties in Emotion Regulation (ER) are related to the etiology and maintenance of several psychological disorders, including Eating Disorders (ED) and Gambling Disorder (GD). This study explored the existence of latent empirical groups between both disorders, based on ER difficulties and considering a set of indicators of personality traits, the severity of the disorder, and psychopathological distress.MethodsThe sample included 1,288 female and male participants, diagnosed with ED (n = 906) and GD (n = 382). Two-step clustering was used for the empirical classification, while analysis of variance and chi-square tests were used for the comparison between the latent groups.ResultsThree empirical groups were identified, from the most disturbed ER profile (Subgroup 1) to the most functional (Subgroup 3). The ER state showed a linear relationship with the severity of each disorder and the psychopathological state. Different personality traits were found to be related to the level of emotion dysregulation.Discussion and conclusionIn this study, three distinct empirical groups based on ER were identified across ED and GD, suggesting that ER is a transdiagnostic construct. These findings may lead to the development of common treatment strategies and more tailored approaches.

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Gender-Related Patterns of Emotion Regulation among Patients with Eating Disorders

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm8020161 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 161 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Zaida Agüera ◽

Georgios Paslakis ◽

Lucero Munguía ◽

Isabel Sánchez ◽

Roser Granero ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Eating Disorders ◽

Emotion Regulation ◽

Personality Traits ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Novelty Seeking ◽

General Psychopathology ◽

Difficulties In Emotion Regulation ◽

Reward Dependence ◽

Males And Females

Difficulties in emotion regulation (ER) are common in females with eating disorders (ED). However, no study to date has analyzed ER in males with ED. In the study at hand, we assessed ER in males with ED and compared results to both females with ED and healthy controls (HC). We also examined associations between ER difficulties, personality, and psychopathology. A total of 62 males with ED were compared with 656 females with ED, as well as 78 male and 286 female HC. ER was assessed by means of the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS). We found that males and females with ED showed greater ER difficulties compared to HC. Pronounced general psychopathology was a shared factor associated with higher ER difficulties in both males and females with ED. However, whereas higher novelty seeking, higher cooperativeness, lower reward dependence, and lower self-directedness were related to higher ER difficulties in females with ED, lower persistence was associated with ER difficulties in males with ED. In sum, males and females with ED show similar ER difficulties, yet they are distinct in how ER deficits relate to specific personality traits. Research on strategies promoting ER in the treatment of males with ED is warranted.

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Pathological gamblers profiles according to impulsivity and emotional regulation

Behavioral Psychology/Psicología Conductual ◽

10.51668/bp.8321310s ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 29 (3) ◽

pp. 681-697

Author(s):

Ana Estévez ◽

Paula Jáuregui ◽

Laura Macía

Keyword(s):

Emotion Regulation ◽

Video Game ◽

Emotional Regulation ◽

Psychological Symptoms ◽

Clinical Sample ◽

Treatment Strategies ◽

Gambling Behaviour ◽

Pathological Gamblers ◽

Difficulties In Emotion Regulation ◽

Gambling Severity

This study aims to examine relationship between age, gambling behaviour, dysfunctional psychological symptoms, and other comorbid addictive behaviours. Secondly, it aims to study the differences between the aforementioned variables according to gambler profiles based on impulsivity and emotional regulation. A sample of 95 participants conformed the clinical sample (93.5% men and 6.5% women). Results suggest that difficulties in emotion regulation and impulsivity are associated with gambling disorder, video game abuse, and dysfunctional psychological symptomatology. Likewise, two clusters have been observed, the first one is composed of participants with fewer difficulties in emotion regulation, less psychopathological severity, and greater impulsivity. The second cluster is composed of participants with greater difficulties in emotion regulation, as well as greater psychopathological and gambling severity. These results highlight the relevance of understanding different gambler profiles in order to design prevention and treatment strategies adapted to each person.

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Eating Disorders and Non-suicidal Self-injury: Cluster Analysis Considering Eating Pathology, Emotion Dysregulation, and Negative Urgency

10.21203/rs.3.rs-187711/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sónia Ferreira Gonçalves ◽

Sofia Ramalho ◽

Bárbara Machado ◽

Ana Isabel Vieira

Keyword(s):

Cluster Analysis ◽

Eating Disorders ◽

Emotion Regulation ◽

Emotion Dysregulation ◽

Eating Pathology ◽

Phenotypic Characterization ◽

Negative Urgency ◽

Self Injury ◽

Difficulties In Emotion Regulation ◽

History Of

Abstract Purpose:Research on the interplay between eating pathology, difficulties in emotion regulation and negative urgency is needed to better inform and tailor the current intervention approaches for patients with eating disorders and non-suicidal self-injury. The current study aimed to investigate the phenotypic characterization of patients with eating disorders and history of lifetime non-suicidal self-injury when considering eating pathology, emotion dysregulation and negative urgency. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study evaluating 73 patients with eating disorders and history of lifetime non-suicidal self-injury (14-55 years; 68 Female). A cluster analysis (K-means) was performed using eating pathology, difficulties in emotion regulation and negative urgency. Differences between clusters were explored on sociodemographic/psychological variables, distribution of the DSM-5 eating disorder diagnostics and past/current non-suicidal self-injury engagement Results: Three clusters were identified. Cluster 1 (n = 29) (moderate severity) was characterized by high levels of eating pathology, but moderate emotion dysregulation and negative urgency. Cluster 2 (n = 29) (high severity) was characterized by the highest scores in eating pathology, emotion dysregulation and negative urgency. Within this cluster there was the highest prevalence of patients with current non-suicidal self-injury. Cluster 3 (n = 15) (low severity) was characterized by the lowest levels of eating pathology, emotion dysregulation and negative urgency and included more patients with past non-suicidal self-injury. Conclusion: The three distinctive profiles highlights the importance of emotion dysregulation and negative urgency as a personalized treatment target for eating disorders patients with current NSSI. Level III: Evidence obtained from well-designed cohort or case-control analytic studies

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Prediction of dark personality traits and self-destruction based on emotion regulation among adolescent females

10.32592/ajnpp.2020.7.2.105 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 109-115

Keyword(s):

Emotion Regulation ◽

Personality Traits ◽

Sampling Method ◽

Risky Behaviors ◽

Adolescent Females ◽

Dark Triad ◽

Cluster Sampling ◽

Targeted Interventions ◽

Difficulties In Emotion Regulation ◽

Academic Year

Background and Aims: Temperament is determined as a relatively constant, basic, and innate position that underlies and modifies the expression of activity, emotionality, and sociability among people. The current study aimed to investigate the prediction of dark personality traits and self-destruction based on emotion regulation among adolescent females. Materials and Methods: This correlational study included 250 adolescent females using a cluster sampling method in the academic year of 2018-19 in Shiraz, Iran. The participants were asked to complete Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, Dark Triad Scale, and Chronic Self-Destructiveness Scale. Results: The results of the regression analysis showed that emotion regulation with beta coefficients was able to predict significant and positive dark personality traits (0.25), narcissism (0.49), Machiavellianism (0.39), psychopathy (0.32), sadism (0.35), and self-destructiveness (0.49) (P<0.05). Conclusion: Directly targeted interventions to regulate emotion may be useful in addressing risky behaviors of adolescents with self-destructive and dark personality traits.

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Intimate Partner Violence and Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms: Indirect Effects Through Negative and Positive Emotion Dysregulation

Journal of Interpersonal Violence ◽

10.1177/08862605211006371 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 088626052110063

Author(s):

Lauren E. Simpson ◽

Alexa M. Raudales ◽

Miranda E. Reyes ◽

Tami P. Sullivan ◽

Nicole H. Weiss

Keyword(s):

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Emotion Regulation ◽

Posttraumatic Stress ◽

Symptom Severity ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Emotion Dysregulation ◽

Positive Emotion ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Difficulties In Emotion Regulation

Women who experience intimate partner violence (IPV) are at heightened risk for developing posttraumatic stress (PTS). Emotion dysregulation has been linked to both IPV and PTS, separately, however, unknown is the role of emotion dysregulation in the relation of IPV to PTS among women who experience IPV. Moreover, existing investigations in this area have been limited in their focus on negative emotion dysregulation. Extending prior research, this study investigated whether physical, sexual, and psychological IPV were indirectly associated with PTS symptom severity through negative and positive emotion dysregulation. Participants were 354 women who reported a history of IPV recruited from Amazon’s MTurk platform ( Mage = 36.52, 79.9% white). Participants completed self-report measures assessing physical (Conflict Tactics Scale), sexual (Sexual Experiences Scale), and psychological (Psychological Maltreatment of Women) IPV; negative (Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale) and positive (Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale-Positive) emotion dysregulation; and PTS symptom severity (PTSD Checklist for DSM-5) via an online survey. Pearson’s correlation coefficients examined intercorrelations among the primary study variables. Indirect effect analyses were conducted to determine if negative and positive emotion dysregulation explained the relations between physical, sexual, and psychological IPV and PTS symptom severity. Physical, sexual, and psychological IPV were significantly positively associated with both negative and positive emotion dysregulation as well as PTS symptom severity, with the exception that psychological IPV was not significantly associated with positive emotion dysregulation. Moreover, negative and positive emotion dysregulation accounted for the relationships between all three IPV types and PTS symptom severity, with the exception of positive emotion dysregulation and psychological IPV. Our findings provide support for the potential underlying role of both negative and positive emotion dysregulation in the associations of IPV types to PTS symptom severity. Negative and positive emotion dysregulation may be important factors to integrate into interventions for PTS among women who experience IPV.

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Dysregulation of emotions among pathological gamblers: The role of savoring

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.02.449 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 41 (S1) ◽

pp. S394-S394

Author(s):

G. Rogier ◽

P. Velotti

Keyword(s):

Emotion Regulation ◽

Pathological Gambling ◽

Emotion Dysregulation ◽

Positive Emotions ◽

Clinical Sample ◽

Emotional States ◽

Pathological Gamblers ◽

Difficulties In Emotion Regulation ◽

Regulation Strategies

IntroductionTheories have conceptualized pathological gambling as an attempt to cope with emotional states. However, there is a lack of research about emotion dysregulation in this population. In a similar way, few is known about the nature of emotion regulation strategies used by pathological gamblers. Furthermore, it is not clear if pathological gamblers have difficulties to regulate negative emotions (as sadness) or positive ones (as excitement).ObjectivesWe sought to explore the associations among pathological gambling, emotion dysregulation and different types of emotion regulation strategies, comparing a clinical sample with community participants.AimsTo highlight similarities and differences in emotion dysregulation between pathological gamblers and healthy participants.MethodsA sample of pathological gamblers and a sample of healthy men, were administered the South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS), Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), Difficulties in Emotion regulation Scale-Positive (DERS-P), Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ) and the Ways of Savoring Checklist (WOSC).ResultsAs expected, both levels of emotion dysregulation and suppression were significantly higher in the clinical sample while levels of savoring and reappraisal were significantly higher in the community sample.ConclusionsSuch results confirm the theorization of pathological gambling as a dysfunctional response to emotional states and underline the role of positive emotions. Specifically, pathological gamblers may be prone to suppress negative emotions instead to engage in functional strategies as reappraisal. Gamblers also fail to regulate positive emotions showing a poor capacity of savoring positive moments.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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The Role of ADHD Symptomatology and Emotion Dysregulation in Gambling Disorder

Journal of Attention Disorders ◽

10.1177/1087054719894378 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 108705471989437 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Gemma Mestre-Bach ◽

Trevor Steward ◽

Marc N. Potenza ◽

Roser Granero ◽

Fernando Fernández-Aranda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Emotion Regulation ◽

Emotion Dysregulation ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Gambling Disorder ◽

Emotional Dysregulation ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Treatment Seeking ◽

Direct And Indirect Effects ◽

Adhd Symptomatology

Objectives: Although emotion regulation deficits have been implicated in gambling disorder and ADHD, the interplay between these factors has yet to be systematically studied. We examined relationships between ADHD symptoms, emotion regulation, and gambling disorder severity in a sample of treatment-seeking gambling disorder patients ( n = 98). We also examined clinical differences between patients with and without ADHD symptomatology. Method: Structural equation modeling (SEM) evaluated direct and indirect effects of ADHD and emotion regulation on gambling disorder severity. Results: Significant correlations between ADHD symptomatology and emotion regulation and between emotion regulation and gambling disorder severity were identified. Differences in emotion regulation were found between gambling disorder patients with and without ADHD symptomatology. Path analysis revealed emotion regulation to be a mediator between ADHD and gambling disorder. Conclusion: Our findings indicate the presence of ADHD symptomatology to be associated with greater severity of gambling disorder and greater emotional dysregulation.

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Difficulties in Emotion Regulation, Coping, and Dysfunctional Psychological Symptoms in Family Members of People with Gambling Disorder

International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction ◽

10.1007/s11469-019-00117-x ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 18 (5) ◽

pp. 1196-1208

Author(s):

Ana Estevez ◽

Paula Jauregui ◽

Naiara Lopez ◽

Hibai Lopez-Gonzalez ◽

Mark Griffiths

Keyword(s):

Emotion Regulation ◽

Gambling Disorder ◽

Psychological Symptoms ◽

Family Members ◽

Difficulties In Emotion Regulation

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Positive and Negative Emotion Regulation in Adolescence: Links to Anxiety and Depression

Brain Sciences ◽

10.3390/brainsci9040076 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 76 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Katherine Young ◽

Christina Sandman ◽

Michelle Craske

Keyword(s):

Emotion Regulation ◽

Emotional Regulation ◽

Emotion Dysregulation ◽

Emotional Reactivity ◽

Depressive Disorders ◽

Negative Emotion ◽

Self Report ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Adolescent Anxiety

Emotion regulation skills develop substantially across adolescence, a period characterized by emotional challenges and developing regulatory neural circuitry. Adolescence is also a risk period for the new onset of anxiety and depressive disorders, psychopathologies which have long been associated with disruptions in regulation of positive and negative emotions. This paper reviews the current understanding of the role of disrupted emotion regulation in adolescent anxiety and depression, describing findings from self-report, behavioral, peripheral psychophysiological, and neural measures. Self-report studies robustly identified associations between emotion dysregulation and adolescent anxiety and depression. Findings from behavioral and psychophysiological studies are mixed, with some suggestion of specific impairments in reappraisal in anxiety. Results from neuroimaging studies broadly implicate altered functioning of amygdala-prefrontal cortical circuitries, although again, findings are mixed regarding specific patterns of altered neural functioning. Future work may benefit from focusing on designs that contrast effects of specific regulatory strategies, and isolate changes in emotional regulation from emotional reactivity. Approaches to improve treatments based on empirical evidence of disrupted emotion regulation in adolescents are also discussed. Future intervention studies might consider training and measurement of specific strategies in adolescents to better understand the role of emotion regulation as a treatment mechanism.

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