scholarly journals Macroeconomic assessment of possible Green Recovery scenarios in Visegrad countries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bence Kiss-Dobronyi ◽  
Dora Fazekas ◽  
Hector Pollitt
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Economic Recovery ◽  
Keynesian Economic ◽  
Post Keynesian Economic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Environmental Level ◽  
Visegrád Countries

AbstractThe article discusses how and why Green Recovery could be beneficial for the Visegrad countries based on a modelling exercise using the E3ME macroeconometric model. Green Recovery is defined as including policies in recovery plans that not only target economic recovery, but also contribute to environmental targets. The paper proposes that a Green Recovery could be valuable and suitable for the region contributing to both restoring employment and boosting economic activity as well as reaching climate goals. This is tested through a macroeconomic simulation, using the E3ME model. E3ME is built on Post-Keynesian economic theory and on econometric estimations of macroeconomic relationships. The results of the analysis focus on three dimensions: (1) social – employment, (2) environmental – level of CO2 emissions and (3) economic activity – gross domestic product (GDP). Outcomes indicate that a green recovery can shorten the time needed for employment and economic recovery as well as contributes to CO2 emission reductions. In Hungary, Czechia and Poland, the impact persists into the long-term; however, the paper also concludes that countries with high reliance on coal (e.g. Poland) could return to coal in the long term if no further policies are introduced.

scholarly journals The impact of Musharakah financing on the monetary policy in the Islamic economy

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3/4) ◽  
pp. 139-152
Author(s):  
Hatem Adela
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Interest Rate ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Methodological Framework ◽  
Mathematical Methods ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Return Rates ◽  
The Interest Rate ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This paper aims to contribute to formulating the methodological framework for a paradigm of Islamic economics, using the development of the conventional economics, theoretical and mathematical methods. Design/methodology/approach The study based on the inductive and mathematical methods to contribute to economic theory within the methodological framework for Islamic Economics, by using the return rate of Musharakah rather than the interest rate in influence the economic activity and monetary policy. Findings Via replacement, the concept of the interest rate by the return rates of Musharakah. It concludes that the central bank can control the monetary policy, economic activity and the efficient allocation of resources by using the return rates of Musharakah through the framework of Islamic economy. Practical/implications The study is a contribution to formulate the methodological framework for a paradigm of Islamic economics, where it investigates the impact of return rates of Musharakah on the money market and monetary policy, by the mathematical methods used in the conventional economy. Also, the study illustrates the importance of further studies that examine the methodological framework for Islamic Economics. Originality/value The study aims to contribute to formulating the Islamic economic theory, through the return rate of Musharakah financing instead of the interest rate, and its effectiveness of the monetary policy. As well as reformulating the concepts of the investment function, the present value and the marginal efficiency rate of investment according to the Islamic economy approach.

Impact of COVID-19 on Food Insecurity and Coping Mechanisms of Marginalized People in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
pp. 241-254
Author(s):  
Emadul Islam ◽  
Ishtiaque Jahan Shoef ◽  
Mehadi Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Coping Mechanisms ◽  
Index Score ◽  
Economic Recovery ◽  
Panel Survey ◽  
Food Needs ◽  
And Coping ◽  
The Impact

This chapter is part of an extensive panel survey conducted among the BRAC COVID-19 response HHs between April 2020 to September 2020. This chapter aims to describe the food insecurity status of BRAC-supported HHs and their coping strategies to combat the impact of COVID-19. A total of 6,086 HHs were interviewed in the 1st round (April 2020-June 2020), whilst these HHs were interviewed in the 2nd round (July 2020 to September 2020). Findings reveal that COVID-19 has created an unprecedented impact on HH food insecurity. The study prepared a food index score and found that 33% of HHs are extremely food insecure, whilst 19% are highly insecure. In terms of coping strategies to the current food needs of the HHs, dependency on the personal mechanism and institutional mechanisms were identified. The study argues that the COVID-19 crisis forces HHs into long-term loan burden, which may lead to another hurdle, causing delayed HHs economic recovery. Long-term GO and NGO sustainable economic recovery intervention could help marginalized people to build back better from COVID-19.

scholarly journals A systematic study of proto-neutron star convection in three-dimensional core-collapse supernova simulations

2020 ◽  
Vol 492 (4) ◽  
pp. 5764-5779 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroki Nagakura ◽  
Adam Burrows ◽  
David Radice ◽  
David Vartanyan
Keyword(s):  
Neutron Star ◽  
Systematic Study ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Core Collapse ◽  
Core Collapse Supernova ◽  
Tau Neutrinos ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Proto Neutron Star

ABSTRACT This paper presents the first systematic study of proto-neutron star (PNS) convection in three dimensions (3D) based on our latest numerical fornax models of core-collapse supernova (CCSN). We confirm that PNS convection commonly occurs, and then quantify the basic physical characteristics of the convection. By virtue of the large number of long-term models, the diversity of PNS convective behaviour emerges. We find that the vigour of PNS convection is not correlated with CCSN dynamics at large radii, but rather with the mass of PNS − heavier masses are associated with stronger PNS convection. We find that PNS convection boosts the luminosities of νμ, ντ, $\bar{\nu }_{\mu }$, and $\bar{\nu }_{\tau }$ neutrinos, while the impact on other species is complex due to a competition of factors. Finally, we assess the consequent impact on CCSN dynamics and the potential for PNS convection to generate pulsar magnetic fields.

scholarly journals The Influence of Economic Activity of Women in Malaysia and Guatemala on National Development

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Verena Habrich ◽  
Vito Bobek ◽  
Tatjana Horvat
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Markets ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
National Development ◽  
Gender Inequalities ◽  
Job Market ◽  
Workforce Participation ◽  
Cultural Stereotypes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Culture Education

Emerging markets are amongst some of the fastest-growing economies on the globe. However, it is necessary to enhance human capital to enable the long-term development of a nation. The theory states that the increase in workforce participation favorably impacts GDP per capita. Additionally, developing markets can grow even further if they increase women’s rates in the labor market. The authors’ desire is to determine the main obstacles for women in the job market and identify the impact of female participation on national development. The authors applied the following methods of work: description and compilation of different literature and deduction method to show which relevant factors are recommended to make higher women’s economic activity to impacts the economy in a broader sense. The results show that Emerging markets must overcome gender inequalities, properly enforce female-related regulations, and invest in human development. The results also point out the relevance of a country’s level of development, culture, education, female-related laws, and their influence on women’s decision or ability to work. The discussion demonstrates that the rate of women in the workforce is increasing, but it is still severely lower than the men’s rate. The main issues are cultural stereotypes, limited access to the job market, and difficulties with combining work and childcare. When it comes to infrastructure and educational possibilities, remote areas are still underdeveloped. Furthermore, gender bias is still deeply rooted in rural society. The elimination of these stereotypes and the improvement (and enforcement) of women-related policies will contribute to higher female workforce participation in the future.

scholarly journals Analyzing the Impact of Financial Services Authority (OJK) Regulations in Supporting Economy Recovery During Covid-19 Pandemic: Evidence from Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol SP (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Evi Aryati Arbay ◽  
Lusita Astuti Nusantari
Keyword(s):  
Financial Services ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Economic Recovery ◽  
Financial Service Authority ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Keynesian Economic ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Banking Credit

COVID-19 has disrupted economic growth and business conditions globally including in Indonesia. One of the most obvious impacts is in the banking sector as many bank debtors have lost their livelihoods. This situation affects the quality of bank assets and profitability. An increase of non-performing loans experienced by some national banks has decreased the capability to generate optimal profit from bank operations that normally would keep the banks healthy, liquid, solvent, and in a profitable state. To strengthen the stability of Indonesian financial services and support the national economic recovery effort, the Financial Services Authority (OJK) issued several regulations on macroprudential policy relaxation and stimulus provision. The regulations ensure that banks are capable to control the bad credit of the debtors affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to analyze the impact of Financial Service Authority Regulations on the quality of banking credit in supporting the Indonesian economic recovery during the COVID-19 pandemic. This is a qualitative study using a critical thinking analysis method to prove the assumption of Keynesian economic theory, which state that in a recession expansionary fiscal policy can stimulate economic activity. The results of this study indicate that the Financial Services Authority regulations have shown an impact in supporting the Indonesian economy recovery efforts amid the COVID-19 pandemic, which can be seen through the stability of the financial system. Further empirical and quantitative studies are needed to confirm the study findings.

scholarly journals Assessing the impacts of global economic policy uncertainty and the long-term bond yields on oil prices

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oguzhan Ozcelebi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Oil Prices ◽  
Policy Uncertainty ◽  
Government Bond ◽  
Bond Yields ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Economic Policy Uncertainty ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Impact

Purpose Might the impact of the global economic policy uncertainty (GEPU) and the long-term bond yields on oil prices be asymmetric? This paper aims to consider the effects of the GEPU and the US long-term government bond yields on oil prices using quantile-based analysis and nonlinear vector autoregression (VAR) model. The author hypothesized whether the negative and positive changes in the GEPU and the long-term bond yields of the USA have different effects on oil prices. Design/methodology/approach To address this question, the author uses quantile cointegration model and the impulse response functions (IRFs) of the censored variable approach of Kilian and Vigfusson (2011). Findings The quantile cointegration test showed the existence of non-linear cointegration relationship, whereas Granger-causality analysis revealed that positive/negative variations in GEPU will have opposite effects on oil prices. This result was supported by the quantile regression model’s coefficients and nonlinear VAR model’s IRFs; more specifically, it was stressed that increasing/decreasing GEPU will deaccelerate/accelerate global economic activity and thus lead to a fall/rise in oil prices. On the other hand, the empirical models indicated that the impact of US 10-year government bond yields on oil prices is asymmetrical, while it was found that deterioration in the borrowing conditions in the USA may have an impact on oil prices by slowing down the global economic activity. Originality/value As a robustness check of the quantile-based analysis results, the slope-based Mork test is used.

scholarly journals The impact of e-commerce on the evolution of organizational forms of international economic activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (3) ◽  
pp. 83-106
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Sidenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
International Economic ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Market Structures ◽  
Economy Of Scale ◽  
Logistics Systems ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Technological Paradigms

The article analyses the main directions of the impact of spreading e-commerce on the change in the organizational modes of international economic activity. The author identifies six major areas for such changes, which include: the formation of global and regional trading platforms as major trade intermediaries; formation of networks of constant direct contacts of suppliers and consumers; deployment and changes in the format of global or regional value chains; significant enhancement of the role of international logistics systems; modifying the economy of scale as a factor of economic efficiency; growing substitution of trade in goods for trade in services. The study proves that this impact is controversial and asymmetrical, and is associated with both the emergence of new commercial opportunities and obstacles in the form of new forms of "electronic" protectionism, as well as new risks and threats. It creates the possibility of forming different technological paradigms within the world economy, causing a long-term coexistence of the newest network forms of interaction with traditional market structures.

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