Evaluation of forage quality of Lathyrus L. Species based on histological characteristics

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Zoric ◽  
L. Merkulov ◽  
J. Lukovic ◽  
P. Boza ◽  
B. Krstic
Keyword(s):  
Small Proportion ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Forage Quality ◽  
Epidermal Cells ◽  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
Vegetative Organs ◽  
Histological Characteristics ◽  
Cultivated Species ◽  
Parenchyma Tissue

One of the most important characteristics that determines the quality of forages is their digestibility. Certain structural characteristics of the vegetative organs, such as a high percentage of cells with lignified walls, might limit digestibility. Leaf and stem histological characteristics related to digestibility were examined for nine wild Lathyrus species closely related to cultivated species. The recommended characteristics for plants that could be used as forage on their own are: a small number of stem vascular bundles, a relatively small proportion of stem sclerenchyma and sclerenchymatous parenchyma tissue, thin leaflet cuticle, a small number of leaf vascular bundles, and large mesophyll and epidermal cells. According to the results of the analyses, species with favourable histological characteristics were L. palustris, L. sphaericus and L. aphaca, while the species with the highest proportion of thick-walled cells, unsuitable for use as forage, were L. pratensis, L. niger and L. tuberosus.

Structural Characteristics and Content of Polyphenolic Compounds in Healthy Organs and Galls Induced by Allodiplosis crassa Kieff. and Jörg (Cecydomyiidae, Diptera) on Geoffroea decorticans (Hook. and Arn.) Burkart (Leguminosae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-274
Author(s):  
I. J. Agudelo ◽  
H. Bach ◽  
R. A. Ricco ◽  
M. L. Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Polyphenolic Compounds ◽  
Phytochemical Study ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Defensive Role ◽  
Sudan Iii ◽  
Histological Characteristics ◽  
Hydroxycinnamic Derivatives

Chañar (Geoffroea decorticans- Fabaceae) is a tree from South America that is normally infected with galls originated by insects. One of its parasites is Allodiplosis crassa (Cecidomyiidae, Diptera) which produces globular galls with sticky prolongations. Since this plant has medicinal uses in Argentina, its infestation could alter the quality of the plant drug. The surface of insect-induced galls usually contains defensive features such as trichomes, increased hardness and an increase in the content of polyphenolic compounds. The objective of this research is to assess the structural and histochemical features of the gall and to compare the content of polyphenolic metabolites in the gall, in the healthy leaf and in lignified stems of G. decorticans. The methanolic extract from the galls showed the highest amount of polyphenolic and proanthocyanidins and the lowest amount of hydroxycinnamic derivatives and flavonoids compared to the methanolic extract of the leaves. The photographs taken from the external surface of the gall showed that some prolongations have heads. The histochemical analysis showed that the prolongations have a high amount of proanthocyanidins and flavonoids; and that the heads are reactive to Sudan III. These phytochemical and histological characteristics may have a defensive role against harmful fungi and parasites that attack the larvae of the A. crassa. The results of this study show the presence of defensive features in an insect-induced gall of a medicinal plant with potential implications in the pharmacological activity of this species. This is the first report of a histochemical and phytochemical study in G. corticans galls.

scholarly journals Compared leaf anatomy of Nymphaea (Nymphaeaceae) species from Brazilian flood plain

2013 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 809-817 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Catian ◽  
E Scremin-Dias
Keyword(s):  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Flood Plain ◽  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
Vegetative Organs ◽  
Anatomical Studies ◽  
Dichotomous Key ◽  
Differential Characters ◽  
Identification Of Species ◽  
Brazilian Pantanal ◽  
Flood Prone Areas

Nymphaea has seven species already catalogued in the flood prone areas of the Brazilian Pantanal. However, some species remain difficult to identify and descriptions of the anatomy of vegetative organs are an important tool for infrageneric separation to aid in group taxonomy. The species collected in the Pantanal and prepared according to the usual techniques for anatomical studies showed similar structural characteristics, and data on the arrangement of vascular bundles in the midrib and petiole, as well as the form and distribution of sclereids, were consistent. Nymphaea oxypetala stands out from the other evaluated species for having a greater number of differential characters, including angular collenchyma and the absence of bicollateral bundles in the petiole. Nymphaea lingulata stands out as the only species to feature bicollateral bundles in the leaf blade. The results, summarised in the dichotomous key, facilitate the identification of species that use the flower as the main differentiation, but are in a vegetative stage.

scholarly journals Being a Gambler during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Study with Italian Patients and the Effects of Reduced Exposition

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 424
Author(s):  
Maria Anna Donati ◽  
Silvia Cabrini ◽  
Daniela Capitanucci ◽  
Caterina Primi ◽  
Roberta Smaniotto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Gambling Behavior ◽  
Online Gambling ◽  
Problem Gamblers ◽  
Electronic Gambling Machines ◽  
Electronic Gambling ◽  
Gambling Market ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Gambling Activities

The COVID-19 pandemic, with the consequent lockdown of about 3 months, can be viewed as an experimental model to observe the impact of the depletion of environmental factors that stimulate gambling, particularly electronic gambling machines (EGMs) that were set to zero. The effects of some structural characteristics of gambling activities that increase gambling behavior were studied among disordered gamblers in treatment in this unique scenario. In fact, studies investigating the effects of the lockdown on problem gamblers (PGs) under treatment are missing. The aims of this study were to analyze patients’ gambling behavior and craving during the lockdown and to conduct a comparison between gambling disorder (GD) symptoms at the beginning of the treatment and during lockdown. The study was conducted in Italy, the European country with the largest gambling market and the first to be affected by the virus. Data were collected through a semi-structured telephone interview conducted by healthcare professionals. Participants were 135 PGs under treatment (109 males, mean age = 50.07). Results showed that most PGs achieved a significant improvement in their quality of life, with less gambling behavior, GD symptoms, and lower craving. No shift toward online gambling and very limited shift towards other potential addictive and excessive behaviors occurred. The longer the treatment, the more monitoring is present and the better the results in terms of symptoms reduction. Individual and environmental characteristics during the lockdown favored the reduction in symptoms. Consideration for prevention and treatment are discussed.

Resistance to Anthracnose Protects Forage Quality of Alfalfa

Crop Science ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. W. Lenssen ◽  
E. L. Sorensen ◽  
G. L. Posler ◽  
D. L. Stuteville
Keyword(s):  
Forage Quality

Properties comparison of GaN epilayers deposited under different growth temperatures

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Wang ◽  
H. Yan ◽  
B. Cao ◽  
W. Wei ◽  
Z. Gan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Temperature ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Chemical Vapour ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Good Method ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Temperature Deposition ◽  
Metalorganic Chemical Vapour Deposition ◽  
Gan Film

AbstractUndoped GaN epilayers were grown on c-plane sapphire substrates under different growth temperatures by metalorganic chemical vapour deposition (MOCVD). The optical and structural characteristics of these grown samples were studied and compared. It was found that the crystalline quality of GaN film deposited at 1050°C was better that of other samples. Photoluminescence spectra showed that the intensities of yellow luminescence band of the samples decreased as the growth temperature increased. All above test results demonstrate that high temperature deposition can serve as a good method for high-quality GaN epilayer growth and there exists an optimal growth temperature.

Application of Sit-To-Stand Assistive Device Based on Hip Support

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huaiqiang Zhang ◽  
Qiang Xue ◽  
Shuo Yang ◽  
Tongtong Wang ◽  
Binwei Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Independent Living ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Assistive Devices ◽  
Assistive Device ◽  
Technology Application ◽  
Assist Devices ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Sit To Stand

Background: Completing the transition from a sitting position to a standing position is a basic skill in people’s daily lives and is crucial for independent living. Lower limb dysfunction will bring many inconveniences into a person’s life and greatly affect their quality of life. Patients with lower limb dysfunction are a specialized group, and nursing problems for this group are becoming increasingly serious. Helping patients with lower limb dysfunction restore their lower limb mobility or assisting them to walk is a social problem necessary to be solved. Objective: : To review the recent sit-to-stand assistive devices based on hip support, classify them systematically and introduce their characteristics, including the mechanisms and the types of patients for which such mechanisms are applicable; to help patients with lower limb dysfunction or doctors (therapists) understand and choose a reasonable sit-to-stand assist device based on hip support. Methods: This paper summarizes literatures and patents about sit-to-stand assistive devices. From the aspects of structural characteristics, drive type and support modes based on the hip and applications situation, the advantages and disadvantages of the typical sit-to-stand assist devices are represented. Results: Current and future development trends on the structural characteristics, drive type and support modes based on the hip and applications situation of sit-to-stand assist devices are discussed to improve the humanization, modularization and applicability of sit-to-stand assist devices. Conclusion: Sit-to-stand assistive devices based on hip support can help patients improve the quality of their life, assist patients carrying out rehabilitation training, and delay the decline of lower limb function. However, the existing sit-to-stand assistive devices based on hip support need further improvement in the aspects of motion mechanism, new technology application and ergonomics design.

Stomatal ontogeny of the vegetative and floral organs of some Papilionaceae

1969 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 81 ◽  
Author(s):  
GL Shah ◽  
BV Gopal
Keyword(s):  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Subsidiary Cell ◽  
Epidermal Cells ◽  
Vegetative Organs ◽  
Floral Organs ◽  
Leaf Petiole ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Anomocytic Stomata ◽  
Subsidiary Cells ◽  
Stomatal Ontogeny

The structure and development of stomata on the vegetative and floral organs of Vigna unguiculata Walp., and the vegetative organs of Phaseolus radiatus L. and P. aconitifolius Jacq. are described. Paracytic, anisocytic, and anomocytic stomata are present on the same surface of different organs of the plants investigated except on the stem and petiole of V. unguiculata, the bract of P. radiatus, and the petiole, stipule, and stipel of P. aconitifolius where the last type is absent. Stomata with only one subsidiary cell are found on the leaf, petiole, sepal, and petal of V. unguiculata. Diacytic stomata occur on the stipel of P. radiatus and the stem, stipule, and stipel of P. aconitifolius. Paracytic stomata are by far the commonest on each organ. The frequency of different types of stomata on different organs in the plants investigated is tabulated. The ontogeny of different kinds of stomata on each organ is mesogenous, but the perigenous type may be found on the petal and pericarp of V. unguiculata and the stipule of P. radiatus. The variation in stomata is due to: (a) a diversity in stomatal types even on the same surface, and (b) an increase in the number of subsidiary cells. The subsidiary cells divide, or additional subsidiary cells are derived from adjacent epidermal cells. The present study also supports the inclusion of the species concerned in the tribe Phaseolae.

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