scholarly journals Phosphorus Supply of Typical Hungarian Soils

2006 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
György Füleky
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Inorganic Phosphate ◽  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
Calcareous Soils ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Percolation Method ◽  
Water Percolation ◽  
Phosphorus Source ◽  
Fraction I ◽  
Test Plants

The new hot water percolation (HWP) method was introduced to determine the phosphorus supply of soils from the Soil Bank of 36 Hungarian soils. The present work aimed to explain the availability of phosphorus by determining the inorganic phosphate fractions and using ryegrass test plants. Four inorganic phosphate fractions were distinguished: Fraction I, the sorbed phosphates; Fraction II, the easily soluble Ca phosphates and the Al bound phosphates; Fraction III, the Fe phosphates; and Fraction IV, the hardly soluble Ca phosphates. Fraction II, in which the easily soluble Ca phosphates and Al phosphates accumulate, was the main phosphorus source for the test plants on both calcareous and non-calcareous soils. Fraction III (the iron phosphates) plays a greater role in non-calcareous soils, while Fraction IV (the hardly soluble Ca phosphates) in calcareous soils. Both fractions are closely connected with soil development, and with soil properties such as pH and CaCO 3 content. The hot water percolation method reflects the phosphorus supply of soil as well as that measured with ryegrass plants and with the AL method. This new HWP method is in good correlation with the main source of phosphate, with fraction II. For routine purposes the first collected HWP fraction can possibly be used to determine the phosphorus supply of soil correlating well with the phosphorus uptake of test plants.

Characterization of dissolved organic matter (DOM) extracted from soils by hot water percolation (HWP)

2010 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Takács ◽  
Gy. Füleky
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Humic Acid ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Soil Extracts ◽  
Water Percolation ◽  
Soil Humic Acid

The Hot Water Percolation (HWP) technique for preparing soil extracts has several advantages: it is easily carried out, fast, and several parameters can be measured from the same solution. The object of this study was to examine the possible use of HWP extracts for the characterization of soil organic matter. The HPLC-SEC chromatograms, UV-VIS and fluorescence properties of the HWP extracts were studied and the results were compared with those of the International Humic Substances Society (IHSS) Soil Humic Acid (HA), IHSS Soil Fulvic Acid (FA) and IHSS Suwannee Natural Organic Matter (NOM) standards as well as their HA counterparts isolated by traditional extraction methods from the original soil samples. The DOM of the HWP solution is probably a mixture of organic materials, which have some characteristics similar to the Soil FA fractions and NOM. The HWP extracted organic material can be studied and characterized using simple techniques, like UV-VIS and fluorescence spectroscopy.

Correction of manganese deficiency in barley crops on calcareous soils. 2. Comparison of mixed and compound fertilizers

1973 ◽  
Vol 13 (63) ◽  
pp. 440 ◽  
Author(s):  
DJ Reuter ◽  
TG Heard ◽  
AM Alston
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
Calcareous Soils ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Manganese Deficiency ◽  
Size Fractions ◽  
Particle Size Fractions ◽  
Foliar Sprays ◽  
Compound Fertilizer

Mixed and compound fertilizers made from superphosphate and manganous sulphate were compared in field experiments as sources of manganese for barley on the calcareous soils of southern Yorke Peninsula, South Australia. The compound fertilizers were made by blending manganous sulphate with 'den-fresh' superphosphate before the granulation process: mixed fertilizers were made by mixing the components after manufacture. The fertilizers were applied at sowing at rates of 19 kg haw1P and 16 kg haelMn in one experiment and 28 kg ha-1 P and 6 kg ha-1 Mn in a second experiment. In the latter, up to three foliar sprays of manganous sulphate (1.3 kg ha-1 Mn per spray) were applied in addition. The rate at which the fertilizers reacted with the soil was studied in an incubation experiment, and the nutrient content of particle-size fractions of the fertilizers was also determined. Plant dry weight, manganese and phosphorus uptake, and grain yield were increased to a greater extent by application of the compound fertilizer than by the mixed fertilizer. Application of compound fertilizers at sowing also delayed the appearance of manganese deficiency symptoms in crops by two weeks compared with mixed fertilizers. Neither fertilizer prevented the occurrence of manganese deficiency and further yield increases were obtained by subsequent foliar sprays of manganous sulphate. Fertilizer manganese was rapidly immobilized in the soil. After 167 hours' incubation, approximately three quarters of that added in manganous sulphate, and in the mixed and compound fertilizers was not extractable in divalent form. The variation in nutrient content of particle size fractions of a compound fertilizer was much less than that in a mixed fertilizer.

Chickpea and white lupin rhizosphere carboxylates vary with soil properties and enhance phosphorus uptake

2003 ◽  
pp. 187-197
Author(s):  
Erik J. Veneklaas ◽  
Jason Stevens ◽  
Gregory R. Cawthray ◽  
Stephen Turner ◽  
Alasdair M. Grigg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
White Lupin

Relationship between soil composition and retention capacity of terbumeton onto chalky soils

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Achouak El Arfaoui ◽  
Stéphanie Sayen ◽  
Eric Marceau ◽  
Lorenzo Stievano ◽  
Emmanuel Guillon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Environmental Fate ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Calcareous Soils ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soil Composition ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Soil Components

Environmental context. The wide use of pesticides for pest and weed control contributes to their presence in underground and surface waters, which has led to a continuously growing interest in their environmental fate. Soils play a key role in the transfer of these compounds from the sprayer to the water as a result of their capacity to retain pesticides depending on the soil components. The knowledge of soil composition should enable one to predict pesticide behaviour in the environment. Abstract. Eight calcareous soils of Champagne vineyards (France) were studied to investigate the adsorption of the herbicide terbumeton (TER). A preliminary characterisation of the soil samples using X-ray diffraction (XRD), elemental and textural analyses, revealed a wide range of soil properties for the selected samples. The adsorption isotherms of TER were plotted for all samples. The determination of soil properties, which significantly correlated with the Kd distribution coefficient, allowed identification of organic matter and CaCO3 as the two main soil components that govern the retention of the herbicide. Organic matter was the predominant phase involved in the retention but its role was limited by the presence of calcite. Finally, the ratio of CaCO3 content to organic matter content was proposed as a useful parameter to predict the adsorption of terbumeton in chalky soils. The evolution of Kd as a function of this ratio was successfully described using an empirical model.

scholarly journals Long-Term Effects of Forest Plantation Species on Chemical Soil Properties in Southern Rwanda

Soil Systems ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Peter Rwibasira ◽  
Francois Xavier Naramabuye ◽  
Donat Nsabimana ◽  
Monique Carnol
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Eucalyptus Species ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Soil Functioning ◽  
C And N

Understanding the long-term effects of tree species on soil properties is crucial for the development of forest restoration policies in relation to the choice of species that meet both environmental and local livelihood needs. This study was performed in the Arboretum of Ruhande, Southern Rwanda, where monocultures of 148 deciduous and 56 conifer species have been established in 0.25 ha replicated plots from 1933 onwards. We investigated the effects of six exotic and two native tree species planted in monoculture plots and native species mixed within one self-regenerated plot on soil properties in two layers (0–5 cm and 5–10 cm depth). We measured general soil properties (pH, SOM, exchangeable base cations) and water-soluble C and N as a proxy for soil functioning. Changes in soil properties were observed in the upper soil layer for all tree species. Planting Eucalyptus species caused soil acidification, whereas soil exchangeable cations and pH were higher under native species (Entandrophragma excelsum and Polyschias fulva) and mixed native species. The effects of tree species were more pronounced for hot water-extractable C and N than for other soil properties. Their analyses could be used for detecting changes in soil functioning linked to vegetation types.

scholarly journals Changes of Available Cadmium Over time and its Relationship with Soil Properties in Highly Calcareous Soils

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-142
Author(s):  
M. Hosseini ◽  
E. Adhami ◽  
H. R Owliaie ◽  
◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Calcareous Soils ◽  
Over Time

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF VANILLIN IN VANILLA (Vanilla planifolia Andrews) FROM LAMPUNG INDONESIA BY HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Sujalmi ◽  
Suharso Suharso ◽  
R Supriyanto ◽  
Buchari Buchari
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatographic ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Vanilla Planifolia ◽  
Green Beans ◽  
Phase Gradient ◽  
Percolation Method ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic

This paper describes a reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method for the separation, identification and quantification of vanillin in ethanolic extracts of cured vanilla. The fresh green beans were cured by three methods: scalding in hot water, drying in the oven, and drying in the sun. Two treatments for the cured beans before extraction, there were cutting cured vanilla about 2.5 cm and not cutting. The extraction was with Soxhletation and percolation method in 99.9 % ethanol. The vanillin was separated on C18 column using a mobile phase gradient of methanol  - acidified water (10-90), detection at 280 nm. The HPLC technique allows a more accurate means of determining the vanillin  content of vanilla than  the spectrophotometric method .   Keywords: Vanilla planifolia Andrews, Vanillin, HPLC

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