Mixed infection by fowlpox virus and Chlamydophila psittaci in a commercial laying hen flock

An outbreak of fowlpox occurred in a commercial laying hen flock in one of the western provinces of Poland. Clinical signs suggested fowlpox and the diagnosis was confirmed by histopathological detection of Bollinger bodies within the epithelial cells. Detailed ultrastructural examination revealed an additional concurrent infection with chlamydia-like particles. The particles were identified by PCR as fowlpox virus andChlamydophila psittaci. It is worth noting that both pathogens can generate morphologic forms capable of prolonged survival and inducing latent and persistent infection. We suggest a possible interaction between the two pathogens on ultrastructural level and assess the clinical consequences of the mixed infection. This study also demonstrates a potential of the transmission electron microscope (TEM) for identifying a superinfection with another pathogen (in this caseC. psittaci), which may remain undetected by routine techniques.

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Unusual deletion of the maternal 11p15 allele in Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome with an impact on both imprinting domains

Clinical Epigenetics ◽

10.1186/s13148-021-01020-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Thomas Eggermann ◽

Matthias Begemann ◽

Lutz Pfeiffer

Keyword(s):

Clinical Signs ◽

Gene Content ◽

Paternal Inheritance ◽

Maternal Allele ◽

Heterozygous Deletion ◽

First Case ◽

Clinical Consequences ◽

Regulation Mechanisms ◽

Silver Russell Syndrome ◽

Deletion Carrier

Abstract Background Whereas duplications in 11p15.5 covering both imprinting centers (ICs) and their subordinated genes account for up to 1% of Beckwith–Wiedemann and Silver–Russell syndrome patients (BWS, SRS), the deletions in 11p15.5 reported so far only affect one of the ICs. In these cases, not only the size and gene content had an impact on the phenotype, but also the sex of the contributing parent influences the clinical signs of the deletion carrier. Results We here report on the first case with a heterozygous deletion within the maternal allele affecting genes which are regulated by both ICs in 11p15.5 in a BWS patient, and describe the molecular and clinical consequences in case of its maternal or paternal inheritance. Conclusions The identification of a unique deletion affecting both 11p15.5 imprinting domains in a BWS patient illustrates the complexity of the regulation mechanisms in these key imprinting regions.

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Root Resorption on Torqued Human Premolars Shown by Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase Histochemistry and Transmission Electron Microscopy

The Angle Orthodontist ◽

10.2319/071505-233 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 76 (6) ◽

pp. 1015-1021 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Mauricio A. Casa ◽

Rolf M. Faltin ◽

Kurt Faltin ◽

Victor E. Arana-Chavez

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽

Acid Phosphatase ◽

Root Resorption ◽

Biomechanical Model ◽

Applied Force ◽

Tartrate Resistant Acid Phosphatase ◽

Ultrastructural Examination ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Root Surfaces

Abstract Objective: To identify clastic cells on the root surfaces of torqued human premolars. Materials and Methods: A continuous force of 600 cNmm was applied to upper first premolars in patients 13–16 years of age by using a precise biomechanical model with superelastic wires (NiTi-SE). The 28 teeth in 14 patients were divided into five groups (control [nonmoved], and moved for either 1, 2, 3, or 4 weeks) and processed for tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) histochemistry and transmission electron microscopy. Results: Mononuclear TRAP-positive cells appeared at 2 weeks, wheras large multinucleated TRAP-positive cells were numerous at 3 and 4 weeks. Ultrastructural examination revealed many clastic cells in contact with resorption lacunae. In addition, some cementoblast-like cells appeared secreting new cementum over previously resorbed lacunae. Conclusions: In general, resorption lacunae and the number of clastic cells, which increased with the duration of the applied force, were found on the cementum surface at the pressure areas. Some signs of cementum repair were also noticed, even with the maintenance of the level of the force.

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Survival and ultrastructure of gene-microinjected rabbit embryos after vitrification

Zygote ◽

10.1017/s096719940500331x ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 283-293 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

M. Popelková ◽

P. Chrenek ◽

J. Pivko ◽

A.V. Makarevich ◽

E. Kubovičová ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ultrastructural Level ◽

Blastocyst Stage ◽

Embryo Morphology ◽

Hatching Rate ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Cellular Debris ◽

Or Gene ◽

Rabbit Gene

Morphological signs of injury and subsequent regeneration following vitrification of either rabbit gene microinjected (Gene-Mi) or intact in vitro cultured embryos derived from in vivo fertilized eggs were evaluated by post-warming recovery in culture and analysed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The percentages of vitrified/warmed Gene-Mi embryos that reached the blastocyst stage (69%) and hatched (57%) did not differ significantly from those of intact embryos (78% and 56%, respectively). In contrast, in vitro development of embryos to the blastocyst stage among non-vitrified intact (96%) and Gene-Mi (90%) embryos compared with both the intact vitrified (78%) and Gene-Mi vitrified (69%) groups, as well as hatching rate (94%, 90% vs 56%, 57%, respectively) varied significantly (p<0.001). Observations by TEM showed that the vitrified/warmed intact or Gene-Mi embryos without post-culture displayed severe degenerative changes among their cells. During 24 h of culture a proportion of the embryos were able to regenerate and complete the compaction process. Nevertheless the signs of previous injury were retained, such as swollen cytoplasmic organelles and remaining cellular debris in the perivitelline space. These observations indicate that the procedure of gene Mi does not siginificantly compromise embryo tolerance to cryopreservation and post-warming developmental ability. Severe changes in embryo morphology, observed at the ultrastructural level, can be attributed to a direct influence of the vitrification process rather than to the Mi procedure itself.

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An Outbreak of Adenoviral Infection in Inland Bearded Dragons (Pogona Vitticeps) Coinfected with Dependovirus and Coccidial Protozoa (Isospora Sp.)

Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation ◽

10.1177/104063870201400411 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 332-334 ◽

Cited By ~ 44

Author(s):

Dae Young Kim ◽

Mark A. Mitchell ◽

Rudy W. Bauer ◽

Rob Poston ◽

Doo-Youn Cho

Keyword(s):

Inclusion Bodies ◽

Critical Role ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Head Tilt ◽

High Morbidity ◽

Intranuclear Inclusion ◽

Adenoviral Infection ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Short Period ◽

20 Nm

Thirty of 200 (15%) hatchling inland bearded dragons were found dead after a short period (48 hours) of weakness and lethargy. The most common clinical signs were head tilt and circling. Six bearded dragons with neurological signs were euthanized, and postmortem examination revealed no gross abnormalities. Microscopically, severe, randomly distributed hepatocellular necrosis with large basophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies in numerous hepatocytes was noted. Small-intestinal enterocytes contained intracytoplasmic coccidial protozoa ( Isospora sp.) and occasional enterocytes had basophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies. Transmission electron microscopy revealed both 80- and 20-nm-diameter viral particles, which were consistent with adenoviruses and dependoviruses, respectively. Adenoviral outbreaks in groups of animals are uncommon. An adverse synergistic effect of the coccidiosis with the adenoviral infection may have played a critical role in the high morbidity and mortality in this case.

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Ultrastructural examination of rabbit aortic wall following high-fat diet feeding and selenium supplementation: a transmission electron microscopy study

Journal of Applied Toxicology ◽

10.1002/jat.877 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 22 (6) ◽

pp. 405-413 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

U. Mehta ◽

B. P. S. Kang ◽

R. S. Kukreja ◽

M. P. Bansal

Keyword(s):

High Fat Diet ◽

Aortic Wall ◽

Microscopy Study ◽

Electron Microscopy Study ◽

Selenium Supplementation ◽

High Fat ◽

Ultrastructural Examination ◽

Transmission Electron Microscopy Study ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Wall Following

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Immunological and clinical consequences of treating a patient with natalizumab

Multiple Sclerosis Journal ◽

10.1177/1352458511421919 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 335-344 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Nicholas Schwab ◽

Karin G Höhn ◽

Tilman Schneider-Hohendorf ◽

Imke Metz ◽

Max-Philipp Stenner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

T Cells ◽

T Cell ◽

Jc Virus ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Brain Biopsy ◽

Cell Receptor ◽

Term Therapy ◽

Cell Repertoire ◽

Csf Analysis ◽

Clinical Consequences

Background: Long-term therapy with natalizumab increases the risk of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). Objectives: We present a patient study through therapy, the diagnosis of PML (after 29 infusions), plasma exchange (PE) and development of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS). Methods: Routine diagnostics, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), immunological status (flow cytometry, T-cell migration assays and T-cell repertoire analysis), and brain biopsy with immunohistological analysis. Results: CD49d decreased after 12 months of treatment. At PML diagnosis, CD49d expression and migratory capacity of T cells was low and peripheral T-cell receptor (TCR) complexity showed severe perturbations. The distribution of peripheral monocytes changed from CCR5+ to CCR7+. After PE some changes reverted: CD49d increased and overshot earliest levels, migratory capacities of T cells recovered and peripheral TCR complexity increased. With no clinical, routine laboratory or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) changes, MRI 2 months after PE demonstrated progressive lesion development. Brain histopathology confirmed the presence of infiltrates indicative of IRIS without clinical signs, immunologically accompanied by CCR7/CCR5 recovery of peripheral monocytes. Conclusion: Natalizumab-associated immunological changes accompanying PML were reversible after PE; IRIS can occur very late, remain asymptomatic and be elusive to CSF analysis. Our study may provide insights into the changes under treatment with natalizumab associated with JC virus control.

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Ultrastructural analysis of intracellular membrane and microtubule behavior during mitosis of Drosophila S2 cells

10.1101/232199 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Anton Strunov ◽

Lidiya V. Boldyreva ◽

Evgeniya N. Andreyeva ◽

Gera A. Pavlova ◽

Julia V. Popova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ultrastructural Level ◽

S2 Cells ◽

Intracellular Membrane ◽

Genetic Determinants ◽

Microtubule Organization ◽

Mitotic Apparatus ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Chromosome Alignment ◽

Drosophila S2 Cells ◽

Cell Mitosis

AbstractS2 cells are one of the most widely used Drosophila melanogaster cell lines for molecular dissection of mitosis using RNA interference (RNAi). However, a detailed and complete description of S2 cell mitosis at the ultrastructural level is still missing. Here, we analyzed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) a random sample of 144 cells undergoing mitosis, focusing on intracellular membrane and microtubule (MT) behavior. This unbiased approach allowed us to discover that S2 cells exhibit a characteristic behavior of intracellular membranes, involving the formation of a quadruple nuclear membrane in early prometaphase and its disassembly during late prometaphase. After nuclear envelope disassembly, the mitotic apparatus becomes encased by a discontinuous network of ER membranes that associate with mitochondria preventing their diffusion into the spindle area. We also observed a peculiar metaphase spindle organization. We found that kinetochores with attached k-fibers are almost invariably associated with lateral MT bundles that can be either interpolar bundles or k-fibers connected to a different kinetochore. This spindle organization is likely to favor chromosome alignment at metaphase and subsequent segregation during anaphase. In summary, we describe several previously unknown features of membrane and microtubule organization during S2 cell mitosis. The genetic determinants of these mitotic features of can now be investigated using an RNAi-based approach, which is particularly easy and efficient in S2 cells

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The non-brain anterior nerve center and tentacle crown structure of Owenia borealis (Annelida, Oweniidae): the evolution of the nervous system and tentacles in Bilateria

10.21203/rs.3.rs-622783/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Nadezhda Rimskaya-Korsakova ◽

Vyacheslav Dyachuk ◽

Elena Temereva

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

System Development ◽

Sister Group ◽

Ultrastructural Level ◽

Myoepithelial Cells ◽

Coelomic Cavity ◽

Head Region ◽

Blood Capillaries ◽

Crown Structure ◽

Transmission Electron

Abstract The Oweniidae are marine annelids with many unusual features of organ system, development, morphology, and ultrastructure. Together with magelionds, oweniids have been placed within the Palaeoannelida, a sister group to all remaining annelids. The study of this group may increase our understanding of the early evolution of annelids (including their radiation and diversification) and of the morphology of the last common bilaterian ancestor. In the current research, scanning electron microscopy revealed that the tentacle apparatus consists of 10 branched arms. The tentacles are covered by monociliary cells that form a ciliar groove that extends along the oral side of the arm base. Light, confocal, and transmission electron microscopy revealed that head region contains two circular intraepidermal nerves (outer and inner) that give rise to the neurites of each tentacle, i.e., intertentacular neurites are absent. Each tentacle contains a coelomic cavity with a network of blood capillaries. Monociliar myoepithelial cells of the tentacle coelomic cavity form both the longitudinal and the circular muscles. The structure of this myoepithelium is intermediate between simple and pseudo-stratified myepithelium. Overall, tentacles lack prominent zonality, i.e., co-localization of ciliary zones, neurite bundles, and muscles. This organization, which indicates a non-specialized tentacle crown in O. borealis and other oweniids with tentacles, is probably ancestral for annelids and for all Bilateria. The outer circular nerve of O. borealis is a dorsal medullary commissure that apparently functions as an anterior nerve center and is organized at the ultrastructural level as a stratified neuroepithelium. Given the hypothesis that the anterior nerve center of the last bilateral ancestor might be a diffuse neural plexus network, these results suggest that the ultra anatomy of that plexus brain might be a stratified neuroepithelium. Alternatively, the results could reflect the simplification of structure of the anterior nerve center in some bilaterian lineages.

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Lung Macrophages Accumulate Novel Cytosolic Inclusions With Vaping: A Case Report From an Asymptomatic Habitual Vaper

10.21203/rs.3.rs-51740/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

DA Armstrong ◽

Radu V Stan ◽

John Dessaint ◽

Daniel S Aridgides ◽

Diane L Mellinger ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Case Reports ◽

Ultrastructural Level ◽

Immiscible Fluids ◽

Diagnostic Feature ◽

Lung Macrophages ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

High Lipid ◽

Membrane Bound ◽

Lung Health ◽

Oil Red O

Abstract Background: The effects of habitual vaping on lung health are currently unknown. Acute e-cigarette/vaping product use-associated lung injury (EVALI) has been highlighted recently in numerous cases across the U.S. Several EVALI case reports highlight alterations in lung macrophages, justifying investigation of this key immune sentinel of the lung in habitual vape device users. Methods: Histologic (Oil Red O stain) and transmission electron microscopy were used to evaluate BAL macrophages obtained from a habitual and asymptomatic 25-year-old female vaper. Results: Oil Red O stain evaluation of BAL macrophages demonstrate a prevalence of cells with high lipid accumulation in multiple, discrete cytoplasmic foci. At ultrastructural level, this translated in membrane-bound compartments filled with osmiophilic material of various densities segregated along curved phase separation lines reminiscent of suspensions of immiscible fluids. Conclusions: This ultrastructural pattern is unlike any other previously reported in aspiration syndromes and may represent a defining diagnostic feature of vapers.

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