scholarly journals Efficient callus induction and plantlets regeneration in durum wheat using mature embryos

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 266-274
Author(s):  
D. Tinak Ekom ◽  
S. Udupa ◽  
F. Gaboun ◽  
M. Benchekroun ◽  
M. Ennaji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Mature Embryos

scholarly journals Development of an efficient regeneration system for mature bombarded calli of Moroccan durum wheat varieties

2021 ◽  
pp. 431-437
Author(s):  
Senhaji Chaimae ◽  
Ahansal Khadija ◽  
Abdelwahed Rabha ◽  
Diria Ghizlane ◽  
Gaboun Fatima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Regeneration System ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Mature Embryos ◽  
Plant Variety ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

This study examined the effects of various environmental and genetic factors on callus induction and plant regeneration of bombarded calli from mature embryos of durum wheat using the biolistic method. In this study, three Moroccan durum wheat varieties ('Isly', 'Amria', 'Marouane') were cultivated on two induction media (IM1 and IM2) with different nitrogen sources and contents. After that, each variety cultured on both induction media was transferred in to two regeneration media (RM1 and RM2) with different phytohormones, whereas each variety distributed through four combinations of treatments: IM1RM1, IM1RM2, IM2RM1, and IM2RM2. A completely randomized design with five replications per treatment for each genotype was used. Parameters considered in this study were phytohormones, nitrogen source and its content, plant variety, and their interactions. The study found that variety, medium and variety × medium interactions have a statistically significant effect on callus induction and plantlets regeneration. Prior to bombardment, the maximum percentage of callus induction was obtained under IM1. Conversely, the callus survival rate was not affected by the induction media once bombarded for all three varieties. The induction media had a significant effect on all regeneration parameters (p < 0.01). The variety ‘Isly’ showed the best regeneration efficiency after bombardment, with nearly 80% of plantlets regenerated under IM1 and RM2 combination. These media can be used for genetic transformation of durum wheat

scholarly journals МОРФОГЕНЕЗ ЯРОВОЙ ТВЕРДОЙ ПШЕНИЦЫ В КУЛЬТУРЕ ЗРЕЛЫХ ЗАРОДЫШЕЙ

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-218
Author(s):  
O. V. Bychkova ◽  
L. P. Khlebova ◽  
D. V. Ereschenko
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Mature Embryo ◽  
Induction Medium ◽  
Regenerative Capacity ◽  
Wheat Embryo ◽  
Mature Embryos ◽  
Embryo Cultures ◽  
Callus Induction Medium

<p>Mature wheat embryo is a convenient type of explants because of its unlimited availability at any time of the year. But the regenerative capacity of the calli derived from mature embryos is low due to the peculiarities of their hormonal status. A high-performance protocol for culturing these explants is necessary to develop to use them in various areas of applied plant biotechnology. Induction and maintenance of a high rate for unorganized growth in plant cell cultures take place on a nutrient medium with high levels of an exogenous auxin, but the presence of a cytokinin is required to induce differentiation processes. We have carried out a study of the various morphogenetic processes in mature embryo cultures of three spring durum wheat genotypes, depending on the time of their cultivation on the callus induction medium. Mature embryos were cultured in the dark at 26 ± 1 °Con Murashige &amp; Skoog (MS) medium containing MS basal salts and vitamins supplemented with 0.7% agar, 3% sucrose, as well as 2 mg L<sup>-1</sup> 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) (callus induction medium). For morphogenesis induction a part of calli was transferred every five days to a differentiating medium of the same composition of salts and vitamins supplemented with 0.5 mg L<sup>-1</sup> 2,4-D and 0.5 mg L<sup>-1</sup> kinetin. Cell cultures were grown in the light at 22 – 24 °C with a 16-hour photoperiod. Six variants of time intervals for callus proliferation on the induction medium have been studied (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 days). A variant of cell culturegrowing without transferring to the differentiating medium was examined too. Frequencies of callus induction, morphogenesis induction and regeneration capacity (relatively morphogenetic calli) were calculated.<strong></strong></p><p>We found active callus induction was visible on the 5th – 7th day after placing explants on the MS inducing medium. The greatest level of callusogenesis (92.3%) was discovered under incubating cultures on the original medium for 30 days. After the short-term cultivation of explants on the initiating medium (for five days) new calli on the differentiating medium were not initiated. In this variant, proliferation of the before induced cell clusters was taking place. This resulted in a low frequency of callus formation (44.3%). Development of the primary callus on the inducing medium for 20 – 30 days helped to keep the competence in somatic tissues of mature embryos and generated the largest number of morphogenetic structures of different qualities. The way of morphogenesis depended on the time interval for cell culture growing on the initial medium. Rhizogenesis decreased by 25% after increasing the incubation period to 15 days. This was followed by active nodular structure formation in calli and plant regeneration. For Oasis variety and 12S2-24 line the most effective variant for the realization of regenerative capacity of morphogenetic calli was to incubate cultures on the induction medium for 15 – 20 days and then to transfer them to the differentiating medium. For Pamyati Yanchenko variety the best variant was to grow calli on the induction medium for 25 days. We have shown the significant effects of a genotype and cultivation conditions at different developmental stages of mature embryo cultures from durum wheat. The specificity of a variety began to manifest after 5 – 10 days staying on the induction medium.</p>

scholarly journals Effect of N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (NTG) on callus induction and survival rate on mature embryos of beans (Phaseolus vulgaris)

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-98
Author(s):  
Sattar A. Shlahi ◽  
Zahra N. Hashim Al- Hattab
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Indole Acetic Acid ◽  
Casein Hydrolysate ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Benzyl Adenine ◽  
Mature Embryos ◽  
Survival Percentage

This research was conducted to study the effect of the chemical mutagen N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine on the percentage of callus induction and survival from mature beans embryos harvester cultivar. Seeds were treated with (0.2 or 0.4) millimolar of the mutagen NTG in combination with 0.0, 4 or 8% of ethanol, pH 5 ±2 0. for 24 h. Calli were induced on mature embryos by using MS medium with 0.5 mg/l of Benzyl adenine (BA), 1 mg/l Indole acetic acid (IAA) and 100 mg/l from each of Casein hydrolysate, Glycine, Asparagine, Tyrosine, and Myo-Inositol. Results showed that the hypocotyl surpassed the radical and the plume significantly in terms of survival reached 56.3%. Mutagen treatments showed asignificant effect on calli survival. Treatment with 8% Ethanol was lethal for all explants. While treatment with 0.4 mM NTG without Ethanol gaved the highest survival rate. The interaction between the treatments and the explants showed that the lowest survival percentage was which 8.8% that was for shoots treated with 0.2 mM of 4% Ethanol. Calli induced on hypocotyls treated with 0.4 mM NTG without Ethanol gave the highest fresh weight (347.2) mg while the lowest was (60) mg for calli induced on the radical treated with 0.4 mM NTG with 4% Ethanol. Moreover the highest dry weight was 22.5 mg for calli induced from hypocotyls treated with 0.4 millimolar NTG without Ethanol that was higher than the control 17.2 mg.The lowest dry weight obtained from calli induced on the radical treated with 0.4 mM NTG with 4% Ethanol was 3 mg. In conclusion the results showed that 0.4 mM NTG without Ethanol gave the highest survival rate and the highest fresh and dry weight for calli induced on the hypocotyl.

Callus induction and plant regeneration from mature embryos of sunflower

2006 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 556-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. I. Ozyigit ◽  
N. Gozukirmizi ◽  
B. D. Semiz
Keyword(s):  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Mature Embryos

Callus induction from maize (Zea mays L.) mature embryos

2008 ◽  
Vol 136 ◽  
pp. S169
Author(s):  
Xiudong Gao ◽  
Hua Jin ◽  
Young-Boum Shin ◽  
Soon-Kwan Hong
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Mature Embryos

scholarly journals Callus Induction and Regeneration from Germinating Mature Embryos of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 889-896
Author(s):  
Samih M. Tamimi ◽  
Halima Othman
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Mature Embryo ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Differentiation Potential ◽  
Mature Embryos ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Wheat Callus

A high-performance protocol for callus induction was devised using germinating mature embryos of two local wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) landraces as explant. The results showed that callus development from germinating embryos was rapid starting one day after culture with an induction rate 20 to 25% higher than those of soaked embryos. In addition, the mean rate of growth of callus developed from germinating embryos was 60 to 70% higher than those cultured from soaked embryos. This study also demonstrated a higher frequency of green spots formation(48 to 56%)on callus derived from germinating embryos compared to their soaked counterpart (24 to 28%), suggesting a better differentiation potential of callus cultures derived from germinating embryo. These findings indicate that germinating mature embryo is more suitable explant for wheat callus induction and regeneration than the soaked mature embryo commonly employed for wheat callus culture.

scholarly journals Callus Induction and Plantlet Regeneration Systems in Indica Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Cultivar Sangyod

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 753-763
Author(s):  
Thi Linh HO ◽  
Sompong TE-CHATO ◽  
Sureerat YENCHON
Keyword(s):  
Callus Induction ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Indica Rice ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Casein Hydrolysate ◽  
Plantlet Regeneration ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Mature Embryos ◽  
Spot Formation ◽  
Number Of Shoots

This study was conducted to determine the optimum concentrations of 2, 4-D, L-proline and casein hydrolysate (CH) for efficient callus induction and plantlet regeneration from culturing mature embryos of Sangyod, an economically important indica rice variety in Thailand. The highest frequency of callus induction (73.08 ± 2.65 %) was obtained from MS medium supplemented with 2 mg/L 2,4-D, 750 mg/L CH and 200 mg/L L-proline. The combination of 1 mg/L BA, 0.5 mg/L Kn and 0.5 mg/L NAA containing solidified MS medium gave the maximum mean fresh weight of callus (938.9 ± 44 mg), green spot formation (64.17 ± 7.08 %), shoot induction frequency (66.25 ± 6.80 %) and mean number of shoots/explant (6.12 ± 0.36 shoots). The greatest mean number of shoots/explant (14.93 ± 0.97 shoots) and root formation percentage (82.71 ± 3.03 %) was observed in liquified MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L NAA and 1 mg/L BA.

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