scholarly journals Woody flora of natural forest gaps in a bamboo-dominated forest remnant in southwestern Amazonia

Check List ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 1891
Author(s):  
Álisson Sobrinho Maranho ◽  
Cleber Ibraim Salimon ◽  
Daniel Da Silva Costa
Keyword(s):  
Woody Plants ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Forest Gaps ◽  
Threat Status ◽  
Forest Remnant ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Local Plant ◽  
Brazilian Flora ◽  
Southwestern Amazonia

Abstract: Forest gaps, created by the falling of one or more trees, have been seen as a key factor for the maintenance of local plant diversity in tropical forests. In this study, our goal was to determine the floristic composition of woody plants colonizing natural gaps and in the understory of an open, bamboo-dominated (Guadua weberbaueri Pilg.) forest in southwestern Amazonia, Acre, Brazil. We sampled and identified woody plants (≥1 m tall and DBH≤10 cm) in 20 forest gaps and nine adjacent understories. In total, 1656 plants were identified in 159 species, 116 genera and 45 families. A list of species was created, containing habitat, habit, functional group, threat status (Brazilian Flora Red List) and abundance data for each species.

scholarly journals Plant neighborhood shapes diversity and reduces interspecific variation of the phyllosphere microbiome

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle Matthew Meyer ◽  
Robert Porch ◽  
Isabella E Muscettola ◽  
Ana Luisa S Vasconcelos ◽  
Julia K Sherman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neighborhood Effects ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Interspecific Variation ◽  
Interspecific Differences ◽  
Community Profiling ◽  
Bean Plants ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Local Plant ◽  
Inoculation Study ◽  
Over Time

Microbial communities associated with plant leaf surfaces (i.e. the phyllosphere) are increasingly recognized for their role in plant health. While accumulating evidence suggests a role for host filtering of its microbiota, far less is known about how community composition is shaped by dispersal, including from neighboring plants. We experimentally manipulated the local plant neighborhood within which tomato, pepper, or bean plants were grown in a three-month field trial. Focal plants were grown in the presence of con- or hetero-specific neighbors (or no neighbors) in a fully factorial combination. At 30-day intervals, focal plants were harvested and replaced with a new age- and species-matched cohort while allowing neighborhood plants to continue growing. 16S community profiling revealed that the strength of host filtering effects (i.e. interspecific differences in composition) decreased over time. In contrast, the strength of neighborhood effects increased over time, suggesting dispersal from neighboring plants becomes more important as neighboring plant biomass increases. We next implemented a cross-inoculation study in the greenhouse using inoculum generated from the field plants to directly test host filtering of microbiomes while controlling for directionality and source of dispersal. This experiment further demonstrated that focal host species, the host from which the microbiome came, and in one case the donor hosts' neighbors, contribute to variation in phyllosphere bacterial composition. Overall, our results suggest that local dispersal is a key factor in phyllosphere assembly, and that demographic factors such as nearby neighbor identity and biomass or age are important determinants of phyllosphere microbiome diversity.

scholarly journals MORPHOFUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY OF SEEDLINGS FOUND IN A TROPICAL RAINFOREST SEED BANK, IN THE NORTHEAST OF BRAZIL

FLORESTA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 614
Author(s):  
Joselane Príscila Gomes Da Silva ◽  
Luiz Carlos Marangon ◽  
Ana Lícia Patriota Feliciano ◽  
Rinaldo Luiz Caraciolo Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Seed Bank ◽  
Soil Seed Bank ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Average Density ◽  
Shade Cloth ◽  
Forest Remnant ◽  
The Family ◽  
Polyethylene Bags ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Ombrophilous Forest

The aim of this study was to evaluate the identification and floristic composition of seedlings of tree species, located in the soil seed bank of a remnant of the Dense Ombrophilous Forest of the Lowlands, in the Northeast of Brazil, from a morphofunctional ecology standpoint. A hundred and fifty two soil samples (0.2 m x 0.15 m x 0.05 m) were taken from a forest remnant, stored in polyethylene bags, identified and then taken to the Forest Nursery at the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, where they were placed in polyethylene boxes under a 70% shade cloth and evaluated daily for a period of seven months. The seedlings emerged were photographed, separated into morphospecies, identified at the family and gender level and, when possible, at the species level. The density and absolute frequency, as well as the successional and morphological classification of the seedling cotyledons were estimated. In total, 1,577 seedlings of 31 morphospecies were cataloged. Melastomataceae was the family that presented the greatest richness, representing 48% of the species identified. The average density was 344.62 seeds.m-2, with higher densities for species of the family Melastomataceae, together with Maprounea guianensis and Cecropia palmata. There was a predominance of seedlings with epigeal and phanerocotylar germination, and with foliaceous cotyledons, corresponding to 93.56%. The seed bank was composed, predominantly, by pioneer species such as Cecropia palmata, Henriettea succosa, Miconia hypoleuca and Miconia tomentosa. Seedlings with epigeal germination, foliaceous and phanerocotylar cotyledons predominated for being easily established in more open areas.

scholarly journals O COMPONENTE ARBÓREO-ARBUSTIVO DE UM REMANESCENTE DE FLORESTA COM ARAUCÁRIA NO MUNICÍPIO DE CURITIBA, PARANÁ

FLORESTA ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlon Selusniaki ◽  
Luiz Antonio Acra
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Floristic Survey ◽  
Araucaria Forest ◽  
Diverse Families ◽  
Forest Remnant ◽  
Trees And Shrubs ◽  
Different Levels

Foi feito um levantamento das árvores e arbustos de um remanescente de Floresta Ombrófila Mista, localizado no Bosque da Fazendinha, município de Curitiba, PR, no período de 2004 a 2009, com o objetivo de descrever a composição florística e sua distribuição na área de estudo. Foram registradas 147 espécies, distribuídas em 48 famílias entre angiospermas e gimnospermas. Dentre as Angiospermas, destacaram-se como as mais diversas as famílias Myrtaceae (18), Fabaceae (12), Lauraceae (10) e Asteraceae (nove). As gimnospermas estão representadas apenas por duas famílias, Araucariaceae e Podocarpaceae, cada uma com apenas uma espécie. Foi encontrada expressiva diversidade de espécies apesar desta formação estar situada em área urbana e estar sujeita a pressões de diferentes níveis.Palavras-chave: Floresta Ombrófila Mista; floresta com araucária; florística. Abstract The tree and shrubs compound of a forest remnant with araucaria in Curitiba, Paraná. A floristic survey of trees and shrubs was carried out in the remnants of an Araucaria forest in the 2004-2009 periods, located in the “Bosque da Fazendinha”, municipality of Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil, in order to describe the floristic composition and distribution in the study area. A total of 147 species, belonging to 48 families of angiosperms and gymnosperms, were found. Within the Angiosperm group, the most diverse families were Myrtaceae (18), followed by Fabaceae (12), Lauraceae (10) and Asteraceae (9). Gymnosperms were represented by only two families and Araucariaceae and Podocarpaceae byh only one species each. A highly significant diversity in species was observed, even though the formation is located in an urban area and therefore subject to different levels of stress.Keywords: Mixed Ombrophyllous Forest; araucarian forest; floristic.

A phyt osociological classification of the vegetation of the Jack Scott Nature Reserve*

Bothalia ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. Coetzee
Keyword(s):  
Soil Texture ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Climatic Variation ◽  
Slope Aspect ◽  
Management Units ◽  
Habitat Features ◽  
Table Method

The vegetation of the Jack Scott Nature Reserve in the Central Bankenveld Veld Type is classified chiefly by the Braun-Blanquet Table Method. Habitat features, physiognomy, total floristic composition, differentiating species, woody plants and prominent grasses and forbs are presented for each community. Characterizing habitat features, in order of importance for the communities, are: exposure, soil texture, geology, slope, aspect, degree of rockiness and previous ploughing. The classification correlates well with the major physiographic and climatic variation in the Reserve and generally does not cut across main physiognomic types. The communities are potentially homogeneous management units.

scholarly journals ESPÉCIES ARBÓREAS DE UM TRECHO DE FLORESTA ATLÂNTICA DO MUNICÍPIO DE ANTONINA, PARANÁ, BRASIL

FLORESTA ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilia Borgo ◽  
Gilberto Tiepolo ◽  
Marcelo Reginato ◽  
Yoshiko Saito Kuniyoshi ◽  
Franklin Galvão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Threatened Species ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Forest Type ◽  
Species Conservation ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Forest Damage ◽  
Permanent Plots ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Forest Remnant

Com o objetivo de subsidiar futuros estudos de dinâmica da vegetação e efeitos das mudanças climáticas, realizou-se um levantamento florístico do componente arbóreo em área de Floresta Ombrófila Densa da Reserva Natural do Rio Cachoeira, em Antonina, Paraná. O levantamento foi realizado em 187 parcelas permanentes, que representam 23,5 ha amostrados. Foram identificadas 306 espécies distribuídas em 68 famílias. A zoocoria foi a síndrome de dispersão mais comum (81,7% das espécies). Espécies tolerantes à sombra superaram discretamente as não tolerantes (50,3% e 49,7%, respectivamente). Espécies de distribuição geográfica ampla representaram quase metade do total (48,4%). Desse conjunto florístico, 21 espécies encontram-se sob alguma categoria de risco de extinção, o que representa 6,9% do universo encontrado, valor maior que o verificado na maioria dos estudos conduzidos nessa mesma formação (em torno de 2%). Essa situação reflete os efeitos da pressão contínua a que a floresta está sujeita, onde a superexplotação de essências nativas ao longo dos anos, associada à deterioração da floresta por meio da fragmentação e da perda de hábitats, resulta em maior risco à conservação de espécies do bioma.Palavras-chave: Floresta Ombrófila Densa; florística; espécies ameaçadas; síndromes de dispersão. AbstractTree species from an Atlantic Forest remnant in Antonina, Paraná, Southern Brazil. Aiming to support new vegetation dynamics and climate change studies, a floristic survey of the tree species was conducted in the Atlantic Forest at Rio Cachoeira Natural Reserve, in Antonina municipality, Southern Brazil. The survey was intensified in 187 permanent plots, representing 23.5 ha of sampled area. The floristic collection was represented by 306 tree species, distributed in 68 families. Zoochory was the most common dispersion syndrome (81.7%). According to the shadow tolerance, 50.3% of the species were tolerant, while non-tolerant species were 49.7%. Wide geographical distribution species represented almost half of all this floristic set (48.4%).Threatened species were 6.9% of all species found (21), a higher value than that one reported to other studies on this forest type (around 2%). This situation shows the effects of continuous pressure on the forest, as the over exploitation of the vegetation through the years, associated to the forest damage by fragmentation and habitat loss process leads to the higher risks for species conservation on this biome.Keywords: Ombrophilous Dense Forest; floristic composition; threatened species; dispersion ways.

scholarly journals COMPOSIÇÃO E ESTRUTURA DO COMPONENTE ARBÓREO DE UM REMANESCENTE DE FLORESTA OMBRÓFILA MISTA

FLORESTA ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 31 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel R.B. Negrelle ◽  
Ramoci Leuchtenberger
Keyword(s):  
Basal Area ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Total Density ◽  
Araucaria Angustifolia ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Generic Level ◽  
Dead Trees ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Forest Remnant ◽  
Abstract Data

São apresentados dados de levantamento florístico-estrutural realizado em remanescente de Floresta Ombrófila Mista (Mata da Fortaleza) no Parque Estadual de Vila Velha, Ponta Grossa - PR (23° 3’ S, 50° 15’ W). Na aplicação do método de quadrantes (75 pontos) foram registrados 300 indivíduos arbóreos (DAP > 15 cm), sendo 11 arvores mortas em pé. Dentre os indivíduos vivos, catalogaram-se 67 morfo-espécies sendo 37 identificadas em nível de espécie, 15 em nível de gênero, 7 em nível de família e 8 não puderam ser identificadas. Para estes indivíduos detectou-se um valor de diversidade H’=3,538 (var. = 0,00413), densidade total de 658 árvores/hectares e área basal total de 32,97 m2. Cerca de 59 % dos indivíduos amostrados foram classificados como macrofanerófitos e 41% como mesofanerófitos, não ocorrendo registro de nanofanerófitos. As espécies de maiores valores estruturais foram Ocotea odorifera (VI=40,19), Araucaria angustifolia (VI= 30,39), Ocotea acutifolia (VI=19,0) e Luehea divaricata (VI=18,44). Floristic composition and structure of an Araucarian forest remnant Abstract Data from a floristic and structural survey in an araucarian forest remnant (called Mata da Fortaleza) in the Vila Velha State Park (Ponta Grossa - PR - 23° 3’ S, 50° 15’ W) are presented. With the application of the point-centered quarter method (75 sampling points), 300 trees (dbh > 15cm) were sampled, including 11 dead trees. Within the alive individuals, 67 morpho-species were detected, 37 identified at a species level, 15 at a generic level, 07 at a family level and 8 were not identified. For the alive component the diversity was H’=3.538 (var. = 0.00413), total density was 658 trees/hectare and the total basal area was 32.97 m2. Almost 59 % of all sampled individuals was classified as macrofanerophyte and 41% as mesofanerophyte, with no register of nanofanerophytes. The species with the greatest importance value were: Ocotea odorifera (40,19), Araucaria angustifolia (30,39), Ocotea acutifolia (19,0) and Luehea divaricata (18,44).

Patterns of diversity and gaps in vascular (hemi-)epiphyte flora of Southwestern Amazonia

Phytotaxa ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 166 (4) ◽  
pp. 259 ◽  
Author(s):  
FLÁVIO A. OBERMULLER ◽  
LEANDRO FREITAS ◽  
DOUGLAS C. DALY ◽  
MARCOS SILVEIRA
Keyword(s):  
Floristic Composition ◽  
The State ◽  
Sampling Effort ◽  
Vascular Epiphytes ◽  
General Index ◽  
True Diversity ◽  
Northern Brazil ◽  
Taxonomic Groups ◽  
Total Species ◽  
Southwestern Amazonia

Vascular epiphytes are common in tropical forests and represent a considerable part of the biodiversity in Southwestern Amazonia. The aim of this study was to determine the floristic composition, patterns of species richness, and geographical distribution and knowledge gaps (collection effort) of the epiphytic vascular flora of the Brazilian State of Acre. We analyzed the database of the Flora of Acre and found a total of 331 species and 32 families of angiosperms and ferns. Almost half of the epiphytic flora of Acre (48% of species) occurs only in Northern Brazil. Of the total species, 56% are restricted to Amazonia. The distribution of the number of collections of epiphytes is concentrated in a few locations in the state and there is a positive correlation between the number of collections of epiphytes and the general index of collection density. The low and unequal sampling effort of epiphytes across the State, the high proportion of specimens identified at best to genus, and the still steep species/sampling curve indicates that the true diversity of epiphytes in Southwestern Amazonia is expressively higher than recorded thus far. This highlights the need for efforts specifically focused on documenting under-represented taxonomic groups as well as more thorough inventory of the canopy flora in this region of Amazonia.

scholarly journals Trends in Tree Diversity and Stand Structure during Restoration: A Case Study in Fragmented Moist Deciduous Forest Ecosystems of Northeast India

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koushik Majumdar ◽  
Uma Shankar ◽  
Badal Kumar Datta
Keyword(s):  
Woody Plants ◽  
Stand Structure ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Northeast India ◽  
Deciduous Forests ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Local Plant ◽  
Fragmented Forests ◽  
Girth Class

Ecological implications for the conservation of fragmented forests to managed local plant diversity have recently drawn much attention of most conservationists. Present study investigates the importance of fragmented forests using different quantitative measures of species diversity and stand structure as indicators of natural restoration from past disturbances. Eleven independent 500 m × 10 m belt transects (5.5 ha) were established within fragmented low land moist deciduous forests of Tripura. All woody plants ≥10 cm girth at breast height (GBH) were measured. A total of 7,134 individuals with mean density of 648.55 stems ha−1 and 16.36 m2 ha−1 of basal area were recorded, which represented 134 species, 93 genera, and 43 families of woody plants. Diversity-dominance curve showed that maximum number of species were ranked >10 due to low abundance value. Maximum distributions of stems (>50%) were recorded at lowest girth class (10–30 cm) as an indication of advanced regeneration and significantly declined towards upper girth (radj2=0.93; P<0.0001) and height (radj2=0.95; P<0.0001) classes, which also indicated that some plants were adopted with ongoing disturbances through both seeded and nonseeded regeneration. Species richness (radj2=0.49; P=0.05), dominance (radj2=0.68; P=0.009), and density (radj2=0.62; P=0.02) were significantly increased at different disturbance intensities. Disturbances strongly influenced typical community association and structure by increasing diversity and population at certain magnitude and thereby showed declining trend towards maturation. Fragmented moist deciduous forests seek immediate attention as they represent spatial habitat for many economical or ecological important species, thus sustaining local biodiversity for livelihoods.

scholarly journals Short Communication: Floristic survey of vascular plant in the submontane forest of Mt. Burangrang Nature Reserve, West Java, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
TRI CAHYANTO ◽  
Muhammad Efendi ◽  
RICKY MUSHOFFA SHOFARA ◽  
MUNA DZAKIYYAH ◽  
NURLAELA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
West Java ◽  
Floristic Survey ◽  
Quantitative Measurements ◽  
Local Plant

Abstract. Cahyanto T, Efendi M, Shofara RM. 2019. Short Communication: Floristic survey of vascular plant in the submontane forest of Mt. Burangrang Nature Reserve, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 2197-2205. A floristic survey was conducted in submontane forest of Block Pulus ​​Mount Burangrang West Java. The objectives of the study were to inventory vascular plant and do quantitative measurements of floristic composition as well as their structure vegetation in the submontane forest of Nature Reserves Mt. Burangrang, Purwakarta West Java. Samples were recorded using exploration methods, in the hiking traill of Mt. Burangrang, from 946 to 1110 m asl. Vegetation analysis was done using sampling plots methods, with plot size of 500 m2 in four locations. Result was that 208 species of vascular plant consisting of basal family of angiosperm (1 species), magnoliids (21 species), monocots (33 species), eudicots (1 species), superrosids (1 species), rosids (74 species), superasterids (5 species), and asterids (47), added with 25 species of pterydophytes were found in the area. The three families of plants are Lauraceae (10 species), Urticaceae (9 species), and Rubiaceae (8 species) dominating those areas. Fourteen species belong to IUCN red list: Least concern/LC (12 species), Vulnerable/VU (1 species), and endangered/EN (1 species). Furthermore, Castanopsis argentea A.DC, Pinanga javana Blume and Amorphophallus decus-silvae Backer & Aldrew belonging to protected plants are also found in the area. Based on the assessment of analysis vegetation, the forest has experienced disturbance, the density of trees is commonly  low and has a lot of gaps. Many vacant lots are found. On the other side, there is the presence of invasive plant species that may slow down a succession into climax growth of local plant.

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