Antibacterial Effect of Biodegradable Magnesium Alloys Modified By Biocompatible Transitions Metals

2010 ◽  
Vol 1277 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.I. García-Pérez ◽  
A. Almaguer-Flores ◽  
C. Ramírez-Brizuela ◽  
S.E. Rodil
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Magnesium Alloys ◽  
Bacterial Adhesion ◽  
Fusobacterium Nucleatum ◽  
Control Surface ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Campylobacter Rectus ◽  
Steel Aisi ◽  
Biofilm Development

Magnesium (Mg) alloys can be use as biodegradable medical devices, eliminating the need for a second operation for implant removal. An important feature on biomedical devices is to avoid the bacterial adhesion and subsequent biofilm formation that cause most of the implant-failures. The aim of this study was to analyze the differences on bacterial adhesion and biofilm development on Magnesium alloys (Mg-Al-Zn) modified by different transition metals; Tantalum, Niobium and Titanium. Nine oral bacterial strains (Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans serotipe b, Actinomyces israelii, Campylobacter rectus, Eikenella corrodens, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Parvimonas micra, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia and Streptococcus sanguinis) were incubated on the different alloys and commercial medical grade stainless steel (AISI 316L) was used as a control. The initial bacterial adhesion was determined after 24 hours using a counting plate technique and the subsequent biofilm development at 1, 3, 7 days was studied using the Scanning Electron Microscopy. Significant differences were determined using t-test. The results showed that on the magnesium-alloys, the number of bacteria attached after 24 hours was two orders of magnitude lower than the stainless steel. On the other hand, bacterial colonies were not observed by electron microscopy in any of the days of incubation, even though in the control surface clear colonies and biofilm development were observed. This study showed that magnesium alloys inhibits the bacterial adhesion and the subsequent biofilm development.

scholarly journals Electroactivity of Phototrophic River Biofilms and Constitutive Cultivable Bacteria

2011 ◽  
Vol 77 (15) ◽  
pp. 5394-5401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilie Lyautey ◽  
Amandine Cournet ◽  
Soizic Morin ◽  
Stéphanie Boulêtreau ◽  
Luc Etcheverry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Cyclic Voltammetry ◽  
Oxygen Reduction ◽  
Saturated Calomel Electrode ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Phenotypic Properties ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Population Scale ◽  
River Biofilm ◽  
Biofilm Development

ABSTRACTElectroactivity is a property of microorganisms assembled in biofilms that has been highlighted in a variety of environments. This characteristic was assessed for phototrophic river biofilms at the community scale and at the bacterial population scale. At the community scale, electroactivity was evaluated on stainless steel and copper alloy coupons used both as biofilm colonization supports and as working electrodes. At the population scale, the ability of environmental bacterial strains to catalyze oxygen reduction was assessed by cyclic voltammetry. Our data demonstrate that phototrophic river biofilm development on the electrodes, measured by dry mass and chlorophyllacontent, resulted in significant increases of the recorded potentials, with potentials of up to +120 mV/saturated calomel electrode (SCE) on stainless steel electrodes and +60 mV/SCE on copper electrodes. Thirty-two bacterial strains isolated from natural phototrophic river biofilms were tested by cyclic voltammetry. Twenty-five were able to catalyze oxygen reduction, with shifts of potential ranging from 0.06 to 0.23 V, cathodic peak potentials ranging from −0.36 to −0.76 V/SCE, and peak amplitudes ranging from −9.5 to −19.4 μA. These isolates were diversified phylogenetically (Actinobacteria,Firmicutes,Bacteroidetes, andAlpha-,Beta-, andGammaproteobacteria) and exhibited various phenotypic properties (Gram stain, oxidase, and catalase characteristics). These data suggest that phototrophic river biofilm communities and/or most of their constitutive bacterial populations present the ability to promote electronic exchange with a metallic electrode, supporting the following possibilities: (i) development of electrochemistry-based sensors allowingin situphototrophic river biofilm detection and (ii) production of microbial fuel cell inocula under oligotrophic conditions.

Influence of Titanium Alloying Element Substrata on Bacterial Adhesion

2012 ◽  
Vol 535-537 ◽  
pp. 992-995
Author(s):  
Kun Mediaswanti ◽  
Vi Khanh Truong ◽  
Jafar Hasan ◽  
Elena P. Ivanova ◽  
Francois Malherbe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Bacterial Adhesion ◽  
Infection Risk ◽  
Bacterial Attachment ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Alloying Element ◽  
Bacteria Adhesion ◽  
Scanning Electron

Titanium and titanium alloys have been widely employed in many load-bearing orthopaedic applications due to their excellent strength and corrosion resistance. However, postimplantation infections might occur even though considerable studies have been made. Choosing a bio-friendly alloying element is one way to reduce infection risk. The aim of this study is to evaluate the extent of bacterial attachment on titanium, tantalum, niobium and tin surfaces. Two pathogenic bacterial strains, namely Staphylococcus aureus CIP 65.8T and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027, were used in this study. Quantification of bacterial attachment was performed using scanning electron microscopy. Results indicated that the surface chemistry and topography of the investigated materials significantly influence the degree of P. aeruginosa and S. aureus adhesion; however, surface wettability did not show a significant impact upon bacterial retention. In this study, tin was shown to be the most attractive material for bacteria adhesion but tantalum limits the bacterial adhesion. Therefore, it is suggested to limit the amount of tin as an titanium alloying element due to its nature to attract P. aeruginosa and S. aureus adhesion.

Bacterial Adhesion on Polyelectrolyte Modified Microstructured Titanium Surfaces

2010 ◽  
Vol 1277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Argelia Almaguer-Flores ◽  
Yolloxóchilt R. Sánchez-Cruz ◽  
Jung Hwa Park ◽  
René Olivares-Navarrete ◽  
Michel Dard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Bacterial Adhesion ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Fusobacterium Nucleatum ◽  
Bacterial Attachment ◽  
Chemical Surface ◽  
Campylobacter Rectus ◽  
Submicron Scale ◽  
Student’S T

Micron-scale and submicron-scale surface roughness enhance osteoblast differentiation on titanium (Ti) substrates and increases bone-to-implant contact in vivo. However, bacterial adhesion is also strongly influenced by roughness and surface chemistry. The aim of this study was to investigate if chemical surface modifications alter initial bacterial attachment. To achieve this, two polyelectrolyte layers [chitosan (Ch) and poly(L-lysine) (PLL)] were used to coat Ti surfaces with different roughness (PT [Ra<0.3μm], SLA [Ra≥3.0μm]). Bacterial attachment was evaluated using Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Actinomyces israelii, Campylobacter rectus, Eikenella corrodens, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Parvimonas micra, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia and Streptococcus sanguinis. After 24h incubation, bacteria were detached from the samples with sonication and the counting plate technique was performed to determine the number of colony forming units (CFU's). Additionally, surfaces were observed by scanning electron microscopy to determine bacteria surface coverage. Statistical significance was determined using ANOVA followed by Bonferroni's modification of Student's t-test. The results showed that polyelectrolyte coatings did not affect surface roughness. Modified surfaces were more hydrophilic than the controls. PT surfaces covered by Chi exhibited lower CFUs than the same surface covered by PLL or the control PT (140 × 105/mL, 343 × 105/mL and 283 × 105/mL, respectively). The opposite effect was observed on the SLA surfaces, PLL coated samples shown lower CFUʼs than Chi or uncoated SLA (199 × 105/mL, 229 × 105/mL and 227 × 105/mL, respectively). The Chi layer appeared to reduce bacterial adhesion only on the smooth surfaces. In contrast, PLL coatings reduced bacterial attachment on rougher surfaces. These results suggest that chemical modification of Ti without alteration of surface roughness affects oral bacterial attachment, and could be useful to prevent peri-implantitis related diseases.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Peptides-Coated Stainless Steel for Fighting Biofilms Formation for Food and Medical Fields: Review of Literature

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1216
Author(s):  
Mayssane Hage ◽  
Hikmat Akoum ◽  
Nour-Eddine Chihib ◽  
Charafeddine Jama
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Antimicrobial Peptides ◽  
Bacterial Adhesion ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Bacterial Biofilms ◽  
Food Environments ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Safe Alternative ◽  
Antimicrobial Coatings ◽  
Biofilm Development

Emerging technology regarding antimicrobial coatings contributes to fighting the challenge of pathogenic bacterial biofilms in medical and agri-food environments. Stainless steel is a material widely used in those fields since it has satisfying mechanical properties, but it, unfortunately, lacks the required bio-functionality, rendering it vulnerable to bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation. Therefore, this review aims to present the coatings developed by employing biocides grafted on stainless steel. It also highlights antimicrobial peptides (AMPs)used to coat stainless steel, particularly nisin, which is commonly accepted as a safe alternative to prevent pathogenic biofilm development.

scholarly journals DETECTION OF BACTERIAL SPECIES ASSOCIATED WITH PERIODONTAL DISEASE IN A GROUP OF PATIENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-134
Author(s):  
Cristina Vodiță ◽  
◽  
Doina Lucia Ghergic ◽  
Emanuel Alin Vodiță ◽  
Raluca Monica Comăneanu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Fusobacterium Nucleatum ◽  
Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans ◽  
Treatment Session ◽  
Prevotella Intermedia ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Tannerella Forsythia ◽  
Campylobacter Rectus ◽  
Number Of Patients

Objectives. The study aimed to detect the presence/quantification of the 12 bacterial strains more frequently involved in the occurrence and aggravation of periodontal disease in a group of patients. Material and method. The study included 55 patients of both sexes, from the portfolio of the „Dr. Vodiță“ Dental Clinic, with chronic marginal periodontitis, who had not been under regular dental control and hygiene for at least 2 years. During the first treatment session, fluid was collected from each patient from the periodontal bags using sterile paper cones from the collection putty. Subsequently, fluid-soaked paper cones from periodontal bags were sent to the Genetic Lab in Bucharest for DNA extraction and quantification of 12 bacterial species, more common in the etiology of periodontal disease. For the correctness of the results obtained, it is necessary that patients have not taken antibiotics in the last 3 weeks. The data were analyzed and statistically processed with the Microsoft Excel 2016 program. Results. The least common bacteria found were from the species: Capnocytophaga ochracea, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Eikanella corrodens and Campylobacter rectus, closely followed by Capnocytophaga gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia and Capnocytophaga sputigena. The rest of the bacterial species were detected much more frequently. Discussions. In the analyzed group there was no monoinfection with Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. Porphyromonas gingivalis had an important presence in the studied group, registering increased levels in 89% of cases. In our group, Treponema denticola was present in increased amounts in 76.36% of cases. Tannerella forsythia was present in 92.72% of cases in elevated concentrations. Eikanella corrodens and Campylobacter rectus were present in 18.18% of the cases studied in high quantities. Prevotella intermedia was present in significant amounts in 34.54% of cases. Fusobacterium nucleatum was present in high concentrations in 98.18% of the cases studied. Prevotella nigrescens was present in increased amounts in 56.36% of cases. Capnocytophaga ochracea was present in 9.09% of cases in high amounts, Capnocytophaga sputigena in 38.18% of cases, and Capnocytophaga gingivalis was detected in 24.45% of cases. Conclusions. From the class of bacteria with high pathogenicity, we most frequently encountered in the studied group Tannerella forsythia. From the class of bacteria with moderate pathogenicity, we encountered the most common Fusobacterium nucleatum. From the class of bacteria with low pathogenicity, we encountered the most common Capnocytophaga sputigena. In order to validate the results obtained, it is necessary to extend the study to a larger number of patients.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Effect of Stainless Steel Surfaces Treated with a Nanotechnological Coating Approved for Food Contact

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 248
Author(s):  
Alessandro Di Cerbo ◽  
Andrea Mescola ◽  
Giuseppe Rosace ◽  
Roberta Stocchi ◽  
Giacomo Rossi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Bacterial Adhesion ◽  
Surface Coating ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Bactericidal Effect ◽  
Stainless Steel Surface ◽  
Surface Adhesion ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Consequent Reduction

Stainless steel, widely present in the food industry, is frequently exposed to bacterial colonization with possible consequences on consumers’ health. 288 stainless steel disks with different roughness (0.25, 0.5 and 1 μm) were challenged with four Gram-negative (Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Salmonella typhimurium ATCC 1402, Yersinia enterocolitica ATCC 9610 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27588) and four Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579 and Listeria monocytogenes NCTT 10888) and underwent three different sanitizing treatments (UVC, alcohol 70% v/v and Gold lotion). Moreover, the same procedure was carried out onto the same surfaces after a nanotechnological surface coating (nanoXHAM® D). A significant bactericidal effect was exerted by all of the sanitizing treatments against all bacterial strains regardless of roughness and surface coating. The nanoXHAM® D coating itself induced an overall bactericidal effect as well as in synergy with all sanitizing treatments regardless of roughness. Stainless steel surface roughness is poorly correlated with bacterial adhesion and only sanitizing treatments can exert significant bactericidal effects. Most of sanitizing treatments are toxic and corrosive causing the onset of crevices that are able to facilitate bacterial nesting and growth. This nanotechnological coating can reduce surface adhesion with consequent reduction of bacterial adhesion, nesting, and growth.

Characterization of AISI 316L Stainless Steel Pattern via DC Plasma Nitriding

2016 ◽  
Vol 869 ◽  
pp. 675-679
Author(s):  
Keila Christina Kleinjohann ◽  
Bruno Borges Ramos ◽  
Euclides Alexandre Bernardelli ◽  
Ana Maria Maliska
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Plasma Nitriding ◽  
Hardness Test ◽  
Aisi 316L ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Steel Aisi ◽  
The Difference

Aiming to produce a pattern on the surface of austenitic stainless steel, AISI 316L, cylindrical samples were plasma nitrided with copper grids (the same are used in Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM)) accommodated on the surface. Samples were positioned at the cathode and process was performed according to following constant parameters: temperature of 400 °C, pressure of 3 Torr and treatment time of 2h. In order to evaluate the difference in the pattern produced, three different gas mixtures were used: poor in nitrogen (5% N2/95% H2), rich in nitrogen (95% N2/5% H2) and a gas mixture with addition of argon (80% N2/10% H2/10% Ar). After nitriding, samples were characterized by optical interferometry (OI), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), optical microscopy (OM), micro hardness test and, X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results showed the presence of a mask (TEM grid) promotes the surface patterning of steel. This patterning is associated with high residual compressive stress induced by the introduction of a large amount of nitrogen.

scholarly journals Efficacy of UV Treatment in the Management of Bacterial Adhesion on Hard Surfaces

2011 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. KOLAPPAN ◽  
S. SATHEESH
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Adhesion ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Uv Treatment ◽  
Carbohydrate Concentration ◽  
Adhesion Ability ◽  
Biofilm Development

The efficacy of UV treatment to control bacterial adhesion onto hard surfaces was investigated in laboratory conditions. The major characteristics necessary for biofilm formation like extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) production, carbohydrate and protein concentration in EPS, and adhesion ability onto hard surface were studied using two bacterial strains isolated from marine biofilms. The results showed that there was a considerable difference between the control and UV treated bacterial cultures in their viability, production of EPS, and adhesion ability. The protein and carbohydrate concentration of the EPS and the adhesion of bacterial cells to surface were also considerably reduced due to UV treatment. This study indicates that treatment of water with UV light may be used to control biofilm development on hard surfaces.

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