Problems in Engineering and Science Education: Why Do We Have a Weakness in Materials Synthesis and Processing?

MRS Bulletin ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 36-38
Author(s):  
Thomas W. Eagar
Keyword(s):  
Materials Science ◽  
National Research Council ◽  
The United States ◽  
Commercial Sector ◽  
Materials Synthesis ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Young Engineer ◽  
The World ◽  
Materials Science And Engineering ◽  
Synthesis And Processing

A 1989 report by the National Research Council (NRC) entitled, Materials Science and Engineering in the 1990s: Maintaining Competitiveness in the Age of Materials, strongly emphasizes that the United States as a nation has devoted insufficient resources to materials synthesis and processing, yet it fails to suggest why. If we are to correct such an imbalance, it is essential that we understand the cause so we can effect a solution.In my opinion, the cause of our failure to place sufficient emphasis on synthesis and processing is more fundamental than the study of materials science and engineering alone; it is symptomatic of the way we teach all science and engineering. We have failed to instill balanced attitudes of inquiry within our students. They have emulated our academic approach to defining and solving problems, an approach that works very well in academia but unfortunately is not always effective in the world of business and manufacturing. As a result, to be successful in the commercial sector, the young engineer or scientist must “unlearn” much of what has been taught in the universities.

Materials Education—A Challenge

MRS Bulletin ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 18-22
Author(s):  
R. Abbaschian
Keyword(s):  
Materials Science ◽  
National Research Council ◽  
The United States ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Leadership Role ◽  
Exciting Field ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Technological Leadership ◽  
Materials Science And Engineering ◽  
And Performance

The recent study by the National Research Council, entitled Materials Science and Engineering for the 1990s—Maintaining Competitiveness in the Age of Materials, has identified materials science and engineering as an intellectually exciting field crucial to the success of U.S. industries, economy, and defense. The study surveys the needs of eight industries (aerospace, automotive, biomaterials, chemical, electronics, energy, metals, and telecommunications), which employ more than seven million people and have sales in excess of $1.4 trillion. The survey shows the industries' critical requirements for new, improved, more economical materials and processes. Similar needs are documented in such public sector areas as defense, energy, transportation, space, and health. Despite the fact that their economic performance and technological leadership within the global market vary widely, these industries consistently identify materials science and engineering as vital to their ability to maintain or improve their international competitiveness. In every case, the survey indicates a clear need to produce and fabricate new and traditional materials with improved quality and economy. It is also evident that the United States currently leads in certain materials-related areas, but adequate resources, planning, and training are required to maintain this leadership role.In terms of manpower and educational needs, the study emphasizes the need for more educated personnel to meet current and future opportunities, and recommends basing undergraduate courses and programs in materials science and engineering on the four basic elements of materials science and engineering—synthesis and processing, structure, properties, and performance — and on the relationships among them. The study further recommends that undergraduate materials education be centered in materials departments, and that these departments interact strongly with other science and engineering departments to develop interdisciplinary materials-related educational programs.

Biomaterials in an Emerging National Materials Science Agenda

MRS Bulletin ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 86-87
Author(s):  
E.P. Mueller ◽  
S.A Barenberg
Keyword(s):  
Materials Science ◽  
Technology Policy ◽  
Local Level ◽  
National Research Council ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Stimulate Action ◽  
Materials Science And Engineering ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
President Bush

In 1988 a biomaterials industry panel was chartered by the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering to address needs and opportunities in materials science and engineering as perceived by the biomaterials industry. This report was subsequently consolidated with similar reports from panels in the other materials science areas into a comprehensive National Research Council (NRC) report, Materials Science and Engineering for the 1990s: Maintaining Competitiveness in the Age of Materials, issued by the National Academy Press in late 1989.After reading the NRC report, D. Alan Bromley, science adviser to President Bush, decided that materials science would be one of five priorities for research in the current aclministration. In a letter to Frank Press, January 1990, Bromley praised this report and encouraged the Academy to have regional meetings to stimulate action on the local level. It was felt that these regional meetings would offer materials scientists and engineers the opportunity to organize themselves and, cooperating with industry and federal laboratories, take the initiative to address the needs identified in the NRC report. Bromley encouraged structuring these meetings, to the extent possible, to produce items that could be considered for the Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) agenda.

scholarly journals SABLOT (LITSEA GLUTINOSA), LOUR ROB., IN THE CONTINUING PRESERVATION AND CONSERVATION OF THE CULTURAL HERITAGE OF ILOCOS (PHILIPPINES): A HISTORIC AND TECHNICAL APPROACH

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norma A. Esguerra
Keyword(s):  
Materials Science ◽  
Senior Citizens ◽  
Original Formulation ◽  
Technical Approach ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Construction Methods ◽  
The World ◽  
Materials Science And Engineering ◽  
Effectiveness And Efficiency ◽  
Litsea Glutinosa

Materials science and engineering improves crude tools and gadgets and enhances the productivity, effectiveness and efficiency of men. To do this, it discovers new sources of materials, Improves operations and performances at lower costs. This study aimed to promote the use of sablot in the conservation and preservation of the heritage structures of Ilocos, Philippines, and to demonstrate the structural feasibility of sablot paste as cement substitute. Interviews with selected senior citizens knowledgeable of the construction methods were conducted to determine the proportion of the aggregates and the sablot paste. From the interviews, samples were constructed to replicate the proportion original formulation of the sablot paste and aggregates. Records show that the churches of Ilocos were constructed earlier than the recorded date of invention of cement which was introduced to the world in 1824 by Joseph Aspdin, an English inventor. Indigenous materials were used for the construction of said Ilocos structures, like coral bricks made of sticky clay and molasses mixed with leaves and trunks of a tree called “sablot” soaked in water were used instead of cement. This fact then necessitates that in the preservation and conservation of the heritage structures, the original set of materials be used, thus, the need to replicate the mixtures done by the forefathers. This research compares the strength of original mixtures vis-à-vis the present-day set of reconstituted materials against that of cement, which invite a highly feasible “genuine” preservation and conservation procedure for the aging structures, instead of using modern methods.

scholarly journals Preface

2021 ◽  
Vol 1192 (1) ◽  
pp. 011001
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Engineering ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Advisory Board ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
International Conference ◽  
Publication Committee ◽  
The World ◽  
Materials Science And Engineering ◽  
Scientific Platform ◽  
International Advisory

Published by IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. The International Conference on Biotechnology Engineering held its 6th Edition on the 22nd and 23rd June 2021. With the theme ‘Nurturing Innovation for Sustainable Future’, the conference revolved around scientifically rigor findings that emphasize the elements of sustainability and innovation. ICBioE 2021 serves as a scientific platform for academic and industry researchers, entrepreneurs, and technologists to convene from around the world, and exchange their latest scientific findings in the field of Materials and Chemical Engineering. In addition, three keynote speeches by distinguished Professors from Malaysia and Singapore, as well as from a successful university spin-off entrepreneur, were delivered during this event. List of Proceedings Editors, Publication Committee, International Advisory Board, National Advisory Board, Organizing Committee are available in this pdf.

Thoughts on the Occasion of the Second Transformation in Materials Science

2006 ◽  
Vol 512 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
M. Meshii
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Soft Materials ◽  
The United States ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Hard Materials ◽  
Materials Science And Engineering ◽  
To Come ◽  
Research And Education ◽  
Science Methodology

The discipline of Materials Science is, we believe, in the midst of the second transformation. The research and education of most of the Materials Science and Engineering departments in the United States have traditionally emphasized hard materials. The recent surge in research of soft materials and our perceptions that the Materials Science Methodology (both experimental and numerical) holds the advantage in the research of the soft materials prompt us to expand the area of soft materials at the expense of hard materials. Clearly the struggle between the two types of materials will continue for some time to come. The current struggle in weighting will be described in an historical fashion comparing it to the struggle in the first transformation that took place in the 1950's and 1960's.

Assessment of Directions and Opportunities in Current and Future Materials Education

MRS Bulletin ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 24-27
Author(s):  
I.M. Bernstein
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Engineering ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
National Research Council ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Materials Science And Engineering ◽  
Unified View ◽  
The University ◽  
Comprehensive Study

There is considerable excitement and some turmoil in undergraduate and graduate education in the broad field of materials, as well as in its subfields of metallurgy, ceramics, and polymers. While the reasons are many, the underlying driver is the growth in the visibility and diversity of a young field evolving rapidly into a true discipline, much like chemical engineering and biology from their early roots mainly in chemistry.The University Materials Council (UMC), the group representing accredited materials departments has had a longstanding, obvious interest in education and has been actively involved in assessing current and future directions. More recently, a comprehensive study under the auspices of the National Research Council (the Materials Science and Engineering Study), has been undertaken to develop a unified view of recent progress and new directions in materials science and engineering (MSE), and to assess future opportunities and needs. As part of this ambitious endeavor, a panel on education (Panel 5) was established with the following charges:• To investigate and document existing human resources in MSE;• To identify future directions of education in MSE, including education in and out of materials departments;• To identify needs and opportunities for increasing interdisciplinarity in MSE; and• To identify needs and opportunities in lifelong education.

Resources Center for Materials Science Education

2000 ◽  
Vol 632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas G. Stoebe ◽  
Darcy Clark ◽  
Rustum Roy
Keyword(s):  
Web Site ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
University Of Michigan ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Current Effort ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Materials Science And Engineering ◽  
The University ◽  
Educational Modules

ABSTRACTA variety of educational resources are available in the area of materials science and engineering. These resources are widely dispersed and are often hard to find. Several efforts to collect and categorize the wide variety of educational modules, demonstrations, laboratories and texts have been launched in recent years, but none have been able to incorporate the vast majority of resources. The current effort is funded by NSF and has been collecting information from a variety of sources over the past year. It is being integrated with the Materials Education Library project that has been under way at the University of Michigan since 1997. These projects will result in a fully searchable database, published both on the world wide web and in a print catalog, with the first edition being available by summer 2000. The draft web site may be found at http://msewww.engin.umich.edu/MEL/; a permanent web site will be available by the end of 2000.

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