scholarly journals Protease, Lipase and Amylase Activities in Barred Loach, Nemacheilus Fasciatus C.V.

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-124
Author(s):  
Untung Susilo ◽  
Farida Nur Rachmawati
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Lipase Activity ◽  
Protease Activity ◽  
Amylase Activity ◽  
Wild Fish ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Small Fish ◽  
Posterior Intestine ◽  
Digestive Capacity ◽  
Anterior Intestine

Barred loach is wild fish in which there is no information related to its enzymatic digestive capacity yet. Therefore research on this subject needs to be conducted.  The spectrophotometry method was used to study protease, lipase, and amylase activities in barred loach. The study used 89 fish with an average weight of 3.61 ± 0.26g, and 1.68 ± 0.21g.  The results showed that pH 7.0 was the highest protease activity. Similarly, lipase activity found  between pH 7.0 and pH 8.1. Still, the amylase activity found to be high at pH 8.1. Protease activity also found to be high in the posterior intestine than in the hepato-pancreas and anterior intestine. Lipase and amylase activities did not found differences between hepato-pancreas, anterior intestine, and posterior intestine. In conclusion, the protease, lipase, and amylase activities of barred loach found along the gastrointestinal tract in both large and small fish, which shows that barred loach can digest protein, fat, and carbohydrates in diets better.

scholarly journals AKTIVITAS PROTEASE DAN AMILASE PADA IKAN SIDAT Anguilla bicolor McClelland)

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamad Taufik ◽  
Hana Hana ◽  
Untung Susilo
Keyword(s):  
Protease Activity ◽  
Amylase Activity ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Protein Digestion ◽  
Intestinal Segment ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Anterior Intestine ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Weight Groups

This study was experimental, conducted using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 3 x 2 factorial design, and four replicates have been carried out to evaluate the protease and amylase activities of Anguilla bicolor McClelland. A total of 71 individuals divided into three weight groups were used in this study.  The first group with an average weight of 41.25 ± 0.898 g consisted of 51 eels,  the second with an average weight of 319.8 ± 4.666 g composed of 14 eels, and the third with a mean weight of 569.5 ± 9.150 g consisted of 6 eels. The results showed the protease activity differed significantly based on eel size and intestinal segment (P ˂ 0.05). This research recorded the highest protease activity was in eels within the smallest weight group (41.25 ± 0.898 g). This study also revealed the protease activity in the anterior intestine was higher than the posterior in all size of eels. The amylase activity did not differ significantly (P>0.05) by eel size and intestinal segment. This study concluded the protein digestion capacity of smaller eels was higher than larger eels, and the protein digestion capacity was greater in the anterior intestine than the posterior intestine. The carbohydrate absorption capacity in eel was not affected by the variety of fish size which indicates no change in the feed category.

scholarly journals CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PEAT SOIL Bacilllus sp.

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
Iman Hidayat
Keyword(s):  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Positive Reaction ◽  
Lipase Activity ◽  
Protease Activity ◽  
Amylase Activity ◽  
Peat Soil ◽  
Cellulase Activity ◽  
Bacillus Species ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Central Kalimantan

Twenty two strains of Bacillus species have been isolated from the peat soil of Tanjung Puting, Central Kalimantan. All strains devided into seventeen groups which characterized using morphology and biochemical tests. All strains have been tested for lipase, amylase, protease, cellulase, and phosphatase activity. Thirteen Bacillus isolates tested gave positif reaction for lipase activity. Bacillus AR 018 was the best isolate for amylase activity, Bacillus AR 001 and Bacillus AR 002 for protease activity, Bacillus AR 009 for cellulase activity. Only one isolate shows positive reaction for phosphatase activity, notably Bacillus AR 007.

scholarly journals Different feeding habits influence the activity of digestive enzymes in freshwater fish

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Rosa Gioda ◽  
◽  
Alexandra Pretto ◽  
Carine de Souza Freitas ◽  
Jossiele Leitemperger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protease Activity ◽  
Digestive Enzymes ◽  
Amylase Activity ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Acid Protease ◽  
Ctenopharyngodon Idella ◽  
Trypsin Activity ◽  
Stomach Acid ◽  
Activity Of Enzymes ◽  
Anterior Intestine

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to verify the activity of some digestive enzymes in four fish species with different feeding habits. Knowledge of these enzymatic activities can help us to understand the species' digestive processes. The species chosen for this study were Ctenopharyngodon idella (herbivore), Rhamdia quelen (omnivore), Leporinus obtusidens (omnivore) and Hoplias malabaricus (carnivore). The digestive tract of these species was divided into four portions to estimate enzymatic activity: stomach, anterior, mid and posterior intestine. Ctenopharyngodon idella had the highest amylase and maltase activities in all portions of the gut, followed by L. obtusidens . The highest trypsin activity was observed in all gut portions of H. malabaricus, followed by the mid intestine of L. obtusidens and the anterior intestine of C. idella . The highest chymotrypsin activity was found in all portions of C. idella followed by the anterior intestines of R. quelen, L. obtusidens and H. malabaricus . In the stomach, acid protease activity was significantly lower in R. quelen and L. obtusidens compared to H. malabaricus. Ctenopharyngodon idella showed high activity of enzymes that hydrolyze carbohydrates, represented in this study by amylase and maltase and H. malabaricus showed higher protease activity and low amylase activity.

Food-grade titanium dioxide particles decrease the bioaccessibility of iron released from spinach leaves in simulated human gastrointestinal tract

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunyang Li ◽  
Chuanxin Ma ◽  
Heping Shang ◽  
Jason C. White ◽  
David Julian McClements ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Amylase Activity ◽  
Human Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Food Grade ◽  
Spinach Leaves

E171 reduced Fe bioaccessibility of spinach in a simulated gastrointestinal tract via two mechanisms: the inhibition of α-amylase activity and adsorption of released Fe from spinach.

scholarly journals Dietary soybean meal on growth and intestinal morphology of South American catfish, Rhamdia quelen, larvae

2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (9) ◽  
pp. 1662-1668 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Roque Hernández ◽  
Juan José Santinón ◽  
Sebastián Sánchez ◽  
Hugo Alberto Domitrovic
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Control Group ◽  
South American ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Posterior Intestine ◽  
Rhamdia Quelen ◽  
Anterior Intestine ◽  
Morphology Parameters

The effects of the replacement of bread yeast by soybean meal in diets for Rhamdia quelen larvae on growth, survival, and intestinal morphology were analysed. Larvae were fed for 20 days with five diets: a control diet formulated with 57% of bread yeast, and other four diets in which soybean meal at concentrations of 14.25, 28.5, 42.75 and 57% was added to obtain 25, 50, 75 and 100% of bread yeast replacement. Growth and survival parameters were negatively affected by dietary soybean meal inclusion. Larvae fed control diet showed significantly higher mean weight, specific growth rate, final biomass, and survival rate than larvae from other treatments. Enterocyte height and fold width of the posterior intestine showed highest values in the control group, and an inverse linear relationship with the level of dietary soybean meal inclusion was observed, however, in the anterior intestine the morphology parameters were not affected by the diet. These results indicate that inclusion of soybean meal in diets for R. quelen larvae negatively affects growth and survival, as well as the capacity for digestion and absorption of nutrients, mainly in the posterior intestine.

THE COELOMOCYTES OF HERMODICE CARUNCULATA (POLYCHAETA: AMPHINOMIDAE) IN RELATION TO DIGESTION AND EXCRETION

1966 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan Rattenbury Marsden
Keyword(s):  
Body Wall ◽  
Buccal Cavity ◽  
Particulate Material ◽  
The Body ◽  
Posterior Intestine ◽  
Hermodice Carunculata ◽  
Intracellular Digestion ◽  
Anterior Intestine ◽  
Food Digestion

In Hermodice carunculata the anterior intestine is the part of the gut most active in the digestion of food. Digestion involves secretion by two types of cell and probably also intracellular digestion by invading coelomocytes. Amoebocytic cells appear to be active in the absorption of food in both the anterior and posterior intestine. Disposal of particulate waste also concerns amoebocytic cells which accumulate materials in a band along the midventral line of the body wall and in the middorsal line of the eversible buccal cavity and pharynx. From these bands small masses of particulate material are periodically shed.

A PRELIMINARY REPORT ON DIGESTIVE ENZYMES OF HERMODICE CARUNCULATA

1963 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan Rattenbury Marsden
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Digestive Enzymes ◽  
Preliminary Report ◽  
Body Wall ◽  
Posterior Intestine ◽  
Digestive Function ◽  
Hermodice Carunculata ◽  
Fish Flesh ◽  
Anterior Intestine

Extracts of the various regions of the digestive tract of Hermodice carunculata (Amphinomidae;Polychaeta) were tested for the digestion of olive oil, gelatin, fish flesh, and starch and for the production of glucose. The buccal region was found to lack amylytic enzymes. The pharynx, oesophagus, and anterior intestine produce all three categories of enzyme, lipase, protease, and amylase. The posterior intestine lacks a lipase. The probable digestive function of each region of the digestive tract is discussed as well as the significance of the dark tracts on the mid-ventral body wall and mid-dorsal pharyngeal lining.

Guanylin peptides regulate electrolyte and fluid transport in the Gulf toadfish (Opsanus beta) posterior intestine

2014 ◽  
Vol 307 (9) ◽  
pp. R1167-R1179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilan M. Ruhr ◽  
Charlotte Bodinier ◽  
Edward M. Mager ◽  
Andrew J. Esbaugh ◽  
Cameron Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Transport ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Secretory Response ◽  
Seawater Adaptation ◽  
Posterior Intestine ◽  
Ussing Chambers ◽  
Opsanus Beta ◽  
Anterior Intestine ◽  
Gulf Toadfish

The physiological effects of guanylin (GN) and uroguanylin (UGN) on fluid and electrolyte transport in the teleost fish intestine have yet to be thoroughly investigated. In the present study, the effects of GN, UGN, and renoguanylin (RGN; a GN and UGN homolog) on short-circuit current ( Isc) and the transport of Cl−, Na+, bicarbonate (HCO3−), and fluid in the Gulf toadfish ( Opsanus beta) intestine were determined using Ussing chambers, pH-stat titration, and intestinal sac experiments. GN, UGN, and RGN reversed the Isc of the posterior intestine (absorptive-to-secretory), but not of the anterior intestine. RGN decreased baseline HCO3− secretion, but increased Cl− and fluid secretion in the posterior intestine. The secretory response of the posterior intestine coincides with the presence of basolateral NKCC1 and apical cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), the latter of which is lacking in the anterior intestine and is not permeable to HCO3− in the posterior intestine. However, the response to RGN by the posterior intestine is counterintuitive given the known role of the marine teleost intestine as a salt- and water-absorbing organ. These data demonstrate that marine teleosts possess a tissue-specific secretory response, apparently associated with seawater adaptation, the exact role of which remains to be determined.

scholarly journals Is recovery of northern cod limited by poor feeding? The capelin hypothesis revisited

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 784-793 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darrell R. J. Mullowney ◽  
George A. Rose
Keyword(s):  
Newfoundland And Labrador ◽  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Atlantic Cod ◽  
Wild Fish ◽  
Fish Growth ◽  
Small Fish ◽  
Performance Trends ◽  
Northern Cod ◽  
Capelin Mallotus Villosus ◽  
Prime Condition

Abstract The slow recovery of the “northern” Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) stock off Newfoundland and Labrador has been ascribed to many factors. One hypothesis is poor feeding and condition as a consequence of a decline in capelin (Mallotus villosus), their former main prey. We compared the growth and condition of cod from known inshore (Smith Sound) and offshore (Bonavista Corridor) centres of rebuilding in wild subjects versus captive subjects fed an unlimited diet of oily rich fish. Wild fish in these areas have had different diets and population performance trends since stock declines in the early 1990s. Captive cod from both areas grew at the same rates and achieved equivalent prime condition, while their wild counterparts differed, with smaller sizes, lower condition in small fish, and elevated mortality levels in the offshore centre. Environmental temperature conditions did not account for the differences in performance of wild fish. Our results suggest that fish growth and condition, and hence rebuilding in the formerly large offshore spawning components of the northern cod, have been limited by a lack of capelin in their diet. Furthermore, we suggest that these groups are unlikely to rebuild until a recovery in capelin occurs.

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