scholarly journals Different feeding habits influence the activity of digestive enzymes in freshwater fish

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Rosa Gioda ◽  
◽  
Alexandra Pretto ◽  
Carine de Souza Freitas ◽  
Jossiele Leitemperger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protease Activity ◽  
Digestive Enzymes ◽  
Amylase Activity ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Acid Protease ◽  
Ctenopharyngodon Idella ◽  
Trypsin Activity ◽  
Stomach Acid ◽  
Activity Of Enzymes ◽  
Anterior Intestine

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to verify the activity of some digestive enzymes in four fish species with different feeding habits. Knowledge of these enzymatic activities can help us to understand the species' digestive processes. The species chosen for this study were Ctenopharyngodon idella (herbivore), Rhamdia quelen (omnivore), Leporinus obtusidens (omnivore) and Hoplias malabaricus (carnivore). The digestive tract of these species was divided into four portions to estimate enzymatic activity: stomach, anterior, mid and posterior intestine. Ctenopharyngodon idella had the highest amylase and maltase activities in all portions of the gut, followed by L. obtusidens . The highest trypsin activity was observed in all gut portions of H. malabaricus, followed by the mid intestine of L. obtusidens and the anterior intestine of C. idella . The highest chymotrypsin activity was found in all portions of C. idella followed by the anterior intestines of R. quelen, L. obtusidens and H. malabaricus . In the stomach, acid protease activity was significantly lower in R. quelen and L. obtusidens compared to H. malabaricus. Ctenopharyngodon idella showed high activity of enzymes that hydrolyze carbohydrates, represented in this study by amylase and maltase and H. malabaricus showed higher protease activity and low amylase activity.

scholarly journals Protease, Lipase and Amylase Activities in Barred Loach, Nemacheilus Fasciatus C.V.

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-124
Author(s):  
Untung Susilo ◽  
Farida Nur Rachmawati
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Lipase Activity ◽  
Protease Activity ◽  
Amylase Activity ◽  
Wild Fish ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Small Fish ◽  
Posterior Intestine ◽  
Digestive Capacity ◽  
Anterior Intestine

Barred loach is wild fish in which there is no information related to its enzymatic digestive capacity yet. Therefore research on this subject needs to be conducted.  The spectrophotometry method was used to study protease, lipase, and amylase activities in barred loach. The study used 89 fish with an average weight of 3.61 ± 0.26g, and 1.68 ± 0.21g.  The results showed that pH 7.0 was the highest protease activity. Similarly, lipase activity found  between pH 7.0 and pH 8.1. Still, the amylase activity found to be high at pH 8.1. Protease activity also found to be high in the posterior intestine than in the hepato-pancreas and anterior intestine. Lipase and amylase activities did not found differences between hepato-pancreas, anterior intestine, and posterior intestine. In conclusion, the protease, lipase, and amylase activities of barred loach found along the gastrointestinal tract in both large and small fish, which shows that barred loach can digest protein, fat, and carbohydrates in diets better.

scholarly journals AKTIVITAS PROTEASE DAN AMILASE PADA IKAN SIDAT Anguilla bicolor McClelland)

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamad Taufik ◽  
Hana Hana ◽  
Untung Susilo
Keyword(s):  
Protease Activity ◽  
Amylase Activity ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Protein Digestion ◽  
Intestinal Segment ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Anterior Intestine ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Weight Groups

This study was experimental, conducted using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 3 x 2 factorial design, and four replicates have been carried out to evaluate the protease and amylase activities of Anguilla bicolor McClelland. A total of 71 individuals divided into three weight groups were used in this study.  The first group with an average weight of 41.25 ± 0.898 g consisted of 51 eels,  the second with an average weight of 319.8 ± 4.666 g composed of 14 eels, and the third with a mean weight of 569.5 ± 9.150 g consisted of 6 eels. The results showed the protease activity differed significantly based on eel size and intestinal segment (P ˂ 0.05). This research recorded the highest protease activity was in eels within the smallest weight group (41.25 ± 0.898 g). This study also revealed the protease activity in the anterior intestine was higher than the posterior in all size of eels. The amylase activity did not differ significantly (P>0.05) by eel size and intestinal segment. This study concluded the protein digestion capacity of smaller eels was higher than larger eels, and the protein digestion capacity was greater in the anterior intestine than the posterior intestine. The carbohydrate absorption capacity in eel was not affected by the variety of fish size which indicates no change in the feed category.

scholarly journals Assortments of Digestive Enzymes Induced in First Instar Larvae of Busseola fusca Feeding on Different Plants

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 117954331984352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gérald Juma ◽  
Bruno Le Ru ◽  
Paul-André Calatayud
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Digestive Enzymes ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Busseola Fusca ◽  
Stem Borer ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Host Acceptance ◽  
First Instar ◽  
Sub Saharan

The stem borer Busseola fusca (Fuller) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is an important pest of maize and sorghum in sub-Saharan Africa. This insect has oligophagous feeding habits, feeding mostly on maize and sorghum with a narrow range of wild Poaceous plant species. We hypothesised that first instar B. fusca larvae, the critical stage for successful establishment on a host plant, can establish and then grow on a particular plant as a result of induction of a complement of digestive enzymes that mediates host acceptance at first instars. A fast semi-quantitative analysis of potentially digestive enzymatic activities present in the first larvae previously fed for 4 days on leaves of host and non-host plants was performed using the API-ZYM kit system able to detect a multiplex of enzyme activities. Regardless of the plant species, the larvae exhibited higher activities of the carbohydrate metabolising enzymes than of aminopeptidases and proteases. In addition, highest activities of carbohydrates degrading enzymes were exhibited by larvae that consumed leaves of the most preferred plant species of B. fusca. Conversely, esterases were only detected in neonate larvae that consumed leaves of the less preferred and non-host plants. No alkaline phosphatase and lipase activities were detected. The significance of these results was discussed in terms of food requirements of first instar larvae when settling on a plant.

scholarly journals Morphohistology of the Digestive Tract of the Damsel FishStegastes fuscus(Osteichthyes: Pomacentridae)

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhaskara Canan ◽  
Wallace Silva do Nascimento ◽  
Naisandra Bezerra da Silva ◽  
Sathyabama Chellappa
Keyword(s):  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Transition Region ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Muscular Layer ◽  
Pyloric Caeca ◽  
Anterior Intestine ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Tidal Pools

This study investigated the morphohistology of the digestive tract and the mean intestinal coefficient of the damsel fishStegastes fuscuscaptured from the tidal pools of Northeastern Brazil. The wall of the digestive tract ofS. fuscusis composed of the tunica mucosa, tunica muscularis, and tunica serosa. The esophagus is short with sphincter and thick distensible wall with longitudinally folded mucosa. Mucous glands are predominant, and the muscular layer of the esophagus presented striated fibers all along its extension. The transition region close to the stomach shows plain and striated muscular fibers. Between the stomach and intestine, there are three pyloric caeca. The intestine is long and thin with four folds around the stomach. The anterior intestine presents folds similar to those of pyloric caeca. The estimated mean intestinal coefficient and characteristics of the digestive system ofS. fuscuspresent morphological adequacy for both herbivorous and omnivorous feeding habits.

scholarly journals Enhancement of Acid Protease Activity of Aspergillus oryzae Using Atmospheric and Room Temperature Plasma

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Shu ◽  
Xiaoguang Si ◽  
Xinda Yang ◽  
Wenyan Ma ◽  
Jinglan Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Oryzae ◽  
Protease Activity ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Acid Protease ◽  
Temperature Plasma

scholarly journals Ontogeny of Expression and Activity of Digestive Enzymes and Establishment of gh/igf1 Axis in the Omnivorous Fish Chelon labrosus

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 874 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neda Gilannejad ◽  
Verónica de las Heras ◽  
Juan Antonio Martos-Sitcha ◽  
Francisco J. Moyano ◽  
Manuel Yúfera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Digestive Enzymes ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Amylase Activity ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Feeding Preferences ◽  
Protein Requirements ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Carnivorous Species ◽  
Juvenile Stages ◽  
Chelon Labrosus

Thick-lipped grey mullet (Chelon labrosus) is a candidate for sustainable aquaculture due to its omnivorous/detritivorous feeding habit. This work aimed to evaluate its digestive and growth potentials from larval to early juvenile stages. To attain these objectives the activity of key digestive enzymes was measured from three until 90 days post hatch (dph). Expression of genes involved in digestion of proteins (try2, ctr, pga2, and atp4a), carbohydrates (amy2a), and lipids (cel and pla2g1b), together with two somatotropic factors (gh and igf1) were also quantified. No chymotrypsin or pepsin activities were detected. While specific activity of trypsin and lipase were high during the first 30 dph and declined afterward, amylase activity was low until 57 dph and increased significantly beyond that point. Expression of try2, ctr, amy2a, and cel increased continuously along development, and showed a peak at the end of metamorphosis. Expression of pla2g1b, pga2 and atp4a increased until the middle of metamorphosis and decreased afterwars. Most of these trends contrast the usual patterns in carnivorous species and highlight the transition from larvae, with high protein requirements, to post-larvae/juvenile stages, with omnivorous/detritivorous feeding preferences. Somatotropic genes, gh and igf1, showed approximately inverse expression patterns, suggesting the establishment of the Gh/Igf1 axis from 50 dph.

A PRELIMINARY REPORT ON DIGESTIVE ENZYMES OF HERMODICE CARUNCULATA

1963 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan Rattenbury Marsden
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Digestive Enzymes ◽  
Preliminary Report ◽  
Body Wall ◽  
Posterior Intestine ◽  
Digestive Function ◽  
Hermodice Carunculata ◽  
Fish Flesh ◽  
Anterior Intestine

Extracts of the various regions of the digestive tract of Hermodice carunculata (Amphinomidae;Polychaeta) were tested for the digestion of olive oil, gelatin, fish flesh, and starch and for the production of glucose. The buccal region was found to lack amylytic enzymes. The pharynx, oesophagus, and anterior intestine produce all three categories of enzyme, lipase, protease, and amylase. The posterior intestine lacks a lipase. The probable digestive function of each region of the digestive tract is discussed as well as the significance of the dark tracts on the mid-ventral body wall and mid-dorsal pharyngeal lining.

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