scholarly journals Influence of Subcontracting Processes on Wages and Workloads in the Building Construction Industry in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
A. A. Akinwale ◽  
O. A. Olusanya
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
Building Construction ◽  
Wage Determination ◽  
Decent Work ◽  
Construction Sites ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lagos State ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

There is a paucity of information on the experience of subcontracted work despite the widespread use of subcontracting in the building construction industry. This study examined the influence of subcontracting processes on wages and workloads in the building construction industry in Nigeria. Data collection for the study was based on a cross-sectional research design with a survey research strategy, including a structured questionnaire and some key informant interviews. A sample of 908 subcontracted workers was randomly selected from 388 building construction sites in Lagos State, Nigeria. Data obtained from the structured questionnaire were subjected to descriptive statistics and regression analysis, while an ethnographic technique was used to analyze the data from the interviews. The regression results (β = –0.046; p < 0.05) showed that to some extent subcontracting processes significantly influenced workers’ participation in wage determination; and that the regression results (β = –0.040; p < 0.05) revealed that to some extent subcontracting processes significantly influenced workers’ participation in the determination of workloads in the building construction industry in Nigeria. Wages and workloads are inappropriate when the degree of influence of the subcontracting process on workers' participation in the determination of wages and workloads in the building construction industry is considered. These findings imply that working in a subcontracting system could promote the alienation of subcontracted workers from the determination of wages and workloads, thereby showing the need for adequate protection for the affected workers. Therefore, the subcontracted workers in Lagos state should strengthen their associations to achieve justice and decent work in the building construction industry. Keywords: Building Construction; Subcontracted Workers; Wages; Workload.

scholarly journals Environmental performance analysis for the construction phase of building projects by using the indicators recommended by PBQP-H

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 7-26
Author(s):  
Luara Lopes de Araujo Fernandes ◽  
Dayana Bastos Costa
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Practical Implication ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
Building Construction ◽  
Construction Sector ◽  
Building Projects ◽  
A Company

Abstract The construction industry uses certain performance indicators to monitor the impacts generated by their associated activities. However, the strict determination of these indicators cannot enhance the performance of a company, and certain benchmarks must be established to guide the goals and evaluate the performance of the companies. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the scenario and evolution of the environmental performance of the construction phase of building projects by using the indicators recommended by the Brazilian Program for Quality and Productivity in Habitat (PBQP-H) and to establish benchmarks for these indicators. The research strategy adopted in this study corresponded to a survey with 186 building projects. The results involved environmental performance scenario of the building sector in different scopes. The main contribution of this study is the establishment of a set of parameters and benchmarks that can help enhance the performance of the building construction sector. As practical implication, the presented analysis and trends may provide guidance to governments and sectoral initiatives to formulate public policies to enhance the environmental performance of the sector.

scholarly journals Tension between Productivity and Respect for People in Construction

2020 ◽  
Vol 312 ◽  
pp. 05005
Author(s):  
Lesiba George Mollo ◽  
Fidelis Emuze ◽  
Nicholus Sishuba
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Management System ◽  
Ethical Reasoning ◽  
Construction Site ◽  
Construction Sites ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Productivity in the construction industry is declining in real-time. The decline in productivity is a source of worry for practitioners and researchers. The purpose of this paper is to ascertain major factors influencing productivity in relation to the notion of respects for people (RFP) in construction. The reviewed literature influences the semi-structured questionnaire used to survey construction professionals in Johannesburg, South Africa. The results reaffirm the tension productivity increment and the enhancement of RfP as both ideas appear to be moving in opposite directions on a typical construction site. It was discovered that respect for workers on a construction site is a major concern. The paper argues that ethical reasoning affects productivity. Therefore, an appropriate management system is required to improve the workers' perception of productivity and RfP working on construction sites.

scholarly journals Critical Review of Construction Accident Causation Theories and Models: The Need for Improved Models

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Opeyemi Samuel Williams ◽  
Razali Adul Hamid ◽  
Mohd Saidin Misnan
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Building Construction ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Construction Sites ◽  
Occupational Risks ◽  
Accident Causation ◽  
Improved Model ◽  
Construction Accidents

Construction industry is recognized and best described as an accident-prone industry, being characterized with a plethora of occupational risks. Review of literature on construction accidents revealed that a copious number of theories have been propounded over the years by different theorists, though some of these theories were criticized. In addition to this were the multifarious models developed by different proponents at different times. However, accidents are an unplanned event that are common on the building construction sites, involving materials, objects and people with attendant damages, loses and injuries. Moreover, existing models were developed to investigate the causations of accident with the aim of preventing its occurrence. Effort to analyze the existing models, with criticism in view, was the aim of this research, which was accomplished by pointing out the limitations of applicability of the models and ascertaining the need for an improved model. A major gap was discovered, in that most of these models concentrated on accident causations and investigations with little or no emphasis on preventive measures via the duties of the construction stakeholders (client, consultant, contractor, health and safety agency) at the preconstruction and during construction stages. Having considered the strengths and weaknesses of the existing models, it was discovered that another, but improved, model was needed and such model will consequently enable construction stakeholders in putting up and implementing accident preventive measures on the building construction sites, as all stakeholders have significant roles to play in preventing accident.

scholarly journals Adaptability of COVID-19 Safety Guidelines in Building Construction Sites in Anambra State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 69-77
Author(s):  
F. O. Ezeokoli ◽  
M. I. Okongwu ◽  
D. O. Fadumo
Keyword(s):  
Survey Research ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
Building Construction ◽  
Construction Sites ◽  
Anambra State ◽  
Importance Index ◽  
Daily Attendance ◽  
Safety Guidelines ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Aim: The study evaluates how COVID-19 safety rules were applied in construction sites in Anambra state, Nigeria. Study Design: The study being a survey research was effected through literature review, a well-structured questionnaire and interview. Place and Duration of the Study: The study was conducted in Anambra State, Nigeria for a period of 6 months. Methodology: Being a survey research, questionnaire containing information relating to COVID-19 guidelines were randomly administered to selected construction practitioners in Anambra State, Nigeria. Accordingly, a total of 84 questionnaires were administered while 81 copies were completed, returned and found useful. This corresponds to a response rate of 96%. The data were analyzed using Relative importance index and ranked appropriately. Results: The study found out that maintaining stay at home policy if one is sick (0.827), use of face covering/face mask (0.793), placing wash stations or hand sanitizers in multiple locations at construction sites (0.714), maintaining a daily attendance log for all staff and visitors (0.689) and use of provision of personal protective equipment (0.679) are the commonly used covid-19 safety guideline in the study area. The study also, observed that greater percent of the COVID-19 safety guidelines are rarely applied in the study area. Conclusion: The study concluded by recommending that construction sites in the study area should integrate the recommended safety guidelines in its daily operations and/or activities despite the fact that such practices may attract extra cost and disrupt site activities were contacts are necessary as well as take more time to adjust to the new normal in construction.

scholarly journals Challenges Facing Graduate Structural Engineers in the Building Construction Industry in Kenya

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Bett Barnabas ◽  
Simiyu John ◽  
Dimo Herbert
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Structural Engineering ◽  
Building Construction ◽  
Training Institution ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Coverage ◽  
Structural Engineers

Despite a number of challenges, training institution Kenya has produced structural engineers in the building and construction field. As a result, there have been problems facing these apprentices that have led to questions concerning their competencies in the Kenyan building and construction industry. Mitigating such foreseeable problems, require proper policy planning, which can only be enacted after findings of facts have been adduced. The purpose of this study was therefore to determine the challenges facing university trained structural engineers in the construction industry in Kenya. The research design in the study was cross-sectional survey research design. Purposive sampling was employed in collecting the data. The study population comprised practicing structural engineers trained at the universities offering building construction, civil engineering and structural engineering. Questionnaires were used to collected data from the sampled respondents in the building industry. Proportional analysis techniques and statistical chi-square test was used to analyze the data. Information on problems facing the engineers and perception of the engineering graduates concerning university training were collected from 89 Kenyan university trained practicing Structural engineers. The data collected was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS 23.0) presented inform of descriptive statistics, bivariate correlations, frequency distribution, cross-tabulation and Chi-square (c2) tests. The results obtained revealed that, graduates had problems related to initial choice of the course, for which they did not have interest in and hence poor content coverage. These results demonstrate the need for establishment of a clear policy aimed at regulating the learning resources for structural engineers at the universities appropriately. Moreover, there is need for standard resources for the teaching of the programme and the need for higher educational funding scheme for research in the universities.

scholarly journals Critical Review of Construction Accident Causation Theories and Models: The Need for Improved Models

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Opeyemi Samuel Williams ◽  
Razali Adul Hamid ◽  
Mohd Saidin Misnan
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Building Construction ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Construction Sites ◽  
Occupational Risks ◽  
Accident Causation ◽  
Improved Model ◽  
Construction Accidents

Construction industry is recognized and best described as an accident-prone industry, being characterized with a plethora of occupational risks. Review of literature on construction accidents revealed that a copious number of theories have been propounded over the years by different theorists, though some of these theories were criticized. In addition to this were the multifarious models developed by different proponents at different times. However, accidents are an unplanned event that are common on the building construction sites, involving materials, objects and people with attendant damages, loses and injuries. Moreover, existing models were developed to investigate the causations of accident with the aim of preventing its occurrence. Effort to analyze the existing models, with criticism in view, was the aim of this research, which was accomplished by pointing out the limitations of applicability of the models and ascertaining the need for an improved model. A major gap was discovered, in that most of these models concentrated on accident causations and investigations with little or no emphasis on preventive measures via the duties of the construction stakeholders (client, consultant, contractor, health and safety agency) at the preconstruction and during construction stages. Having considered the strengths and weaknesses of the existing models, it was discovered that another, but improved, model was needed and such model will consequently enable construction stakeholders in putting up and implementing accident preventive measures on the building construction sites, as all stakeholders have significant roles to play in preventing accident. Available online at https://int-scientific-journals.com

scholarly journals A Cluster Survey for Determination of Regular Vaccination Coverage among Children

2008 ◽  
Vol 47 (170) ◽  
Author(s):  
Harishchandra Shah
Keyword(s):  
Drop Out ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
District Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cluster Survey ◽  
Vaccination History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Very High ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

One of the objectives of the Expanded Program of Immunization (EPI) is to achieve and sustainvaccination coverage to >90%. The coverage is not uniform within the districts, some of the areas showing more than 100% while others are far behind. The objective of the survey was to determine the coverage of immunization among children 12-23 months of age inRautahat District of Nepal.A cross-sectional method was applied with the 30-cluster sampling method followed by taking asample of 210 children. The structured questionnaire requesting information about socio-economiccharacteristics, vaccination, history of vaccination, doses of vaccines, and vaccination records wereused for collecting data.The coverage responses according to history from mothers for BCG, DPTHb-3, Polio3 and Measlesimmunizations were 96.7%, 90.0%, 97.6% and 78.1% respectively. By analyzing the records of the sampled Village Development Committees (VDCs), the coverage for the same vaccines was 88.1%, 78.1%, 79.0, 73.8% respectively. The drop-out of BCG versus measles was also very high. The District Health Office (DHO) reports were remarkably higher than the coverage of immunizations obtained by the survey, showing additional number of the target children.Key words: coverage; cluster survey; immunization; vaccination

scholarly journals Preliminary Survey on the Crucial Root Causes of Material Waste Generation in Malaysian Construction Industry

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 3580-3584
Author(s):  
S. Nagapan ◽  
S. Kaliannan ◽  
A. H. Abdullah ◽  
S. Sohu ◽  
R. Deraman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Ecological Effect ◽  
Site Management ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Construction Sites ◽  
Construction Waste ◽  
Construction Period ◽  
Design Changes ◽  
Score Analysis ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Construction waste generation has been perceived as a crucial issue that has critical consequences on the project effectiveness and ecological effect of the construction industry. The key objective of the current research is to identify the root causes of material construction waste generation in Malaysia. A well-structured questionnaire was designed based on the 52 identified root causes of material waste generation. The developed questionnaire was distributed to 35 highly experienced in Malaysian construction industry experts. The collected data was analyzed by the use of mean score analysis. The top identified root causes are poor supervision during the construction stage, lack of efficient site management, last minute changes, cutting uneconomical sizes of materials, and constant design changes during the construction period. The initial findings will aid construction practitioners to focus on these root causes in order to reduce the material construction waste generation at construction sites.

scholarly journals Entrepreneurial and Functional Building Technology Education as a Means of Achieving Vision 2020 in Nigeria

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
pp. 291-296
Author(s):  
Igwe C.O ◽  
Onoh Eze C.J .
Keyword(s):  
Technology Education ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Building Construction ◽  
Vision 2020 ◽  
Construction Sites ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Building Technology ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activities ◽  
Budgetary Allocation

Entrepreneurial and functional building technology education, if well positioned has the potentials of launching Nigeria into the first 20 world economies by the year 2020. This paper integrates the industrial, educational and entrepreneurial activities that results in increased productivity. Functional building technology career broadly categorised into professional and non-professional. The paper reviewed the entrepreneurial prospects open to the non-professional builders trained in the technical institutions equipped with the knowledge and skills to competently perform in the building construction sites as craftsmen, technicians and technologist. Also, other entrepreneurial activities in the public and private sectors at both small and medium scale capacity. The review presented inadequate budgetary allocation to the education sector, dearth of infrastructural facilities, also, the gap existing between the construction industry and the technical institutions. It recommended, increased funding and acquisition of modern equipment/machine and adequate infrastructural facilities. Also, establish a sustainable linkage between the construction industry and technical institutions. Implementation of these will result in increased productivity, robust economy and actualization of the nation’s vision 2020.

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