scholarly journals Current trends in the treatment of acetabular fractures (literature review)

2021 ◽  
pp. 83-91
Author(s):  
Oleg Vyrva ◽  
Dmytro Vatamanitsa
Keyword(s):  
Hip Replacement ◽  
Acetabular Fractures ◽  
Preoperative Treatment ◽  
Actual Problem ◽  
Traumatic Lesion ◽  
Primary Arthroplasty ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Significant Research ◽  
Rehabilitation Period ◽  
Repeated Surgery

Acetabular fractures are known for their disabling outcomes, so the search for optimal treatment tactics is an actual problem for modern orthopedics and traumatology. Materials and methods. Randomized trials that reflect the results of acetabular fractures treatment depending on the method of treatment were analyzed. The literature was searched in the PubMed Central database. Hip joint is a complex two-component articulated system. Traumatic lesion of all elements of the joint creates the conditions for the development of a wide range of complications and secondary changes that must be taken into account at preoperative treatment. Aceta­bular fracture is an intra-articular injury, where the visualization methods have the prominent significance. Nowadays the treatment can be conservative and surgical. Surgical treatment can be divided into two areas: osteosynthesis and arthroplasty. Anatomical reposition and stable fixation of fragments, in the most of cases, is the key to a satisfactory functional result, but the development of post-traumatic changes in the joint nullifies the results of even perfect osteosynthesis, encourages repeated surgery and, finally, hip replacement. In recent years, primary arthroplasty has been successfully used to treat acetabular fractures, reducing inpatient and rehabilitation period, compared with osteosynthesis, preventing the possible development of secondary degenerative changes in the joint. Conclusions. Acute hip replacement is an effective treatment, however, the technical aspects of reliable fixation of the ace­tabular component of the implant are insufficiently substantiated and highlighted in actual literature and constitute significant research interest.

Interfacial defect engineering and Photocatalysis Properties of hBN/MX2(M = Mo, W, and X = S, Se) Heterostructures

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhihai Sun ◽  
Jiaxi Liu ◽  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Ziyuan Li ◽  
Leyu Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Density Functional ◽  
Density Functional Theory Calculations ◽  
Band Alignment ◽  
Type I ◽  
Defect Engineering ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Interfacial Defects ◽  
Significant Research ◽  
P Type ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Van der Waals (VDW) heterostructures have attracted significant research interest due to their tunable interfacial properties and potential in a wide range of applications such as electronics, optoelectronic, and heterocatalysis. In this work, the impact of interfacial defects on the electronic structures and photocatalytic properties of hBN/MX2(M = Mo, W, and X = S, Se) are studied using density functional theory calculations. The results reveal that the band alignment of hBN/MX2 can be adjusted by introducing vacancies and atomic doping. The type-I band alignment of the host structure was maintained in the heterostructure with n-type doping in the hBN sublayer. Interestingly, the band alignment changed to the type-II heterostructrue as VB defect and p-type doping was introduced in the hBN sublayer. This could be profitable for the separation of photo-generated electron−hole pairs at the interfaces and is highly desired for heterostructure photocatalysis. In addition, two Z-type heterostructures including hBN(BeB)/MoS2, hBN(BeB)/MoSe2, and hBN(VN)/MoSe2 were achieved, showing reducing band gap and ideal redox potential for water splitting. Our results reveal the possibility of engineering the interfacial and photocatalysis properties of hBN/MX2 heterostructures via interfacial defects.

scholarly journals Dynamics of the Functional State of the Hip Joint and Quality of Life in Patients After Hip Replacement (During Rehabilitation)

2021 ◽  
pp. 426-434
Author(s):  
Nadezhda I. Ishekova ◽  
◽  
Aleksandr N. Ishekov ◽  
Nadezhda A. Goryannaya
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Hip Joint ◽  
Hip Replacement ◽  
Harris Hip Score ◽  
Biological Research ◽  
Rehabilitation Period ◽  
Three Stages

The aim of this study was to determine the functional state of the affected hip joint after hip arthroplasty and to analyse patients’ quality of life during rehabilitation. Materials and methods. The study involved patients with 3rd degree hip osteoarthritis that underwent hip replacement. The research was conducted in three stages: 1) before the operation; 2) early postoperative rehabilitation period (10th – 12th day after the operation); 3) late recovery rehabilitation period (10th – 12th week after the operation). At stages 1 and 2, we examined 140 people (mean age 57.0 ± 9.0 years), at stage 3, 43 patients (mean age 55.81 ± 7.8 years). At all three stages, the patients’ hip range of motion, hip circumference and strength endurance of the affected limb were determined. The function of the hip joint was evaluated using the Harris Hip Score, and the quality of life was estimated with the help of the SF-36 questionnaire. Results. The research revealed that during the rehabilitation period, the range of motion increased significantly, hip flexion being restored best of all. Moreover, we observed a statistically significant increase in strength endurance. However, not all indicators reached normal values by the end of the research. The patients’ quality of life improved due to better physical functioning, general health and vitality as well as lower pain intensity. However, we observed no progress in role functioning due to the emotional state. Evaluation according to the Harris Hip Score showed that before the operation 78.6 % of the patients had unsatisfactory joint function, while during the late rehabilitation period, only 20.9 %, which indicates the treatmentʼs effectiveness. For citation: Ishekova N.I., Ishekov A.N., Goryannaya N.A. Dynamics of the Functional State of the Hip Joint and Quality of Life in Patients After Hip Replacement (During Rehabilitation). Journal of Medical and Biological Research, 2021, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 426–434. DOI: 10.37482/2687-1491-Z080

Application of Plant-Based Preparations in a Comprehensive Treatment of Inflammatory Periodontal Diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 38-44
Author(s):  
O. D. Saliuk ◽  
◽  
P. H. Gerasimchuk ◽  
L. O. Zaitsev ◽  
I. I. Samoilenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
The Body ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Complex Treatment ◽  
Medicinal Products ◽  
Actual Problem ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

In this article the review of foreign and domestic literary sources, which are devoted to the actual problem of modern dentistry – the treatment of inflammatory diseases of periodontal tissues: gingivitis and periodontitis are presented. The complex approach to their treatment involves the appointment of a significant amount of pharmacotherapeutic drugs. Therapeutic failures and iatrogenic complications have led to the fact that today the interests of doctors and population to medicinal products significantly increased. The purpose of the study is to analyze the data of scientific literature on the use of plant-based medicinal products for the treatment of periodontal inflammatory diseases over the past 10 years. Materials and methods. Comprehensive and systematic analysis of literature. Review and discussion. The analysis of information sources on the use of plant-based medicinal products in dentistry both independently and in the composition of medical and prophylactic means has established that the modern assortment of plant-based preparations in the pharmaceutical market of Ukraine to a certain extent is limited. The emergence of new plant-based species that have been tested in conditions of experimental pathology and require an evidence-based clinical base is noted. The composition of plant-based preparations used for the treatment of inflammatory periodontal diseases include vitamins, biologically active substances, glycosides, alkaloids, in connection with a wide range of action: antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, regenerating, hemostatic, antioxidative. The data on plant-based preparations that are most often used such as chamomile extracts, calendula, hypericum, plantain, kalanchoe, aloe, eucalyptus, milfoil, nettle, calamus and plant-based species are summarized. The medicinal agents considered are mainly recommended for local treatment of periodontal diseases in the form of dental care means, mouth rinse, gel, chewing gum, herbal liquer. It is known that the complex treatment of periodontal diseases includes a general influence on the body. The properties of green tea with its wide range of actions are investigated. With antioxidant properties, it can be a healthy alternative for controlling destructive changes in periodontal diseases. Attention is drawn to the proposed unique natural complex “Resverazin” due to a wide range of pharmacological action, low toxicity and relative safety. The drug produces antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immune stimulating, vasodilative, neuroprotective action. Conclusion. Based on the literature analysis, it can be concluded that the accumulated experimental and clinical data on the therapeutic properties of plants prove perspective of their use in the complex treatment of inflammatory periodontal diseases. Future studies are mandatory for further confirmation of the effectiveness of these medicinal plants

Influence Study of Plasticizer Compatibility on Strength Properties of Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate

2018 ◽  
Vol 935 ◽  
pp. 79-83
Author(s):  
A.N. Volotskoy ◽  
Yuriy V. Yurkin ◽  
V.V. Avdonin
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Ethylene Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical Properties ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Strength Characteristics ◽  
Actual Problem ◽  
Urgent Task ◽  
Wide Range

This research is devoted to the actual problem of the development of damping polymer materials which are effective in a wide range of temperatures and having satisfactory strength characteristics. There are many works devoted to the study of dynamic mechanical properties of filled composites, but most do not take into account the influence of plasticizer on the strength properties of the polymer, as they change its characteristics for the worse. In this respect, the study and comparison of the mechanical properties of the polymer base with the introduction of different types and concentrations of plasticizers is an urgent task. According to the received regularities it was possible to define the type, concentration and boundaries of the polarity of the plasticizer, which reduces the strength characteristics of ethylene-vinyl acetate to a lesser degree.

Demonstrating the Identification of Nonlinear Vibrating Systems to Undergraduate Students

2007 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 336-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Dimitriadis ◽  
G. A. Vio
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear Systems ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Dynamic Systems ◽  
Research Effort ◽  
Postgraduate Students ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Significant Research ◽  
Physical Information ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Vibrating Systems

The identification of nonlinear dynamic systems is increasingly becoming a necessary part of vibration testing and there is significant research effort devoted to it. However, as the current methodologies are still not suitable for the identification of general nonlinear systems, the subject is rarely introduced to undergraduate students. In this paper, recent progress in developing an expert approach to the identification of nonlinear systems is used in order to demonstrate the subject within the context of an undergraduate course or as an introductory tool for postgraduate students. The demonstration is based around a software package of an expert system designed to apply systematically a wide range of identification approaches to the system under investigation. It is shown that the software can be used to demonstrate the need for identification of nonlinear systems, the complexity of the procedure, the possibility of failure and the good chances of success when enough physical information about the system is available.

Management of total hip replacement periprosthetic fractures

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.S. Haddad ◽  
F. Rayan
Keyword(s):  
Total Hip Replacement ◽  
Hip Replacement ◽  
Type A ◽  
Periprosthetic Fractures ◽  
Acetabular Fractures ◽  
Bone Stock ◽  
Vancouver Classification ◽  
Surrounding Bone ◽  
Classification Type

♦ Periprosthetic fractures: intraoperative or postoperative femoral or acetabular fractures♦ Third commonest reason for reoperation after THA♦ Vancouver classification Type A, B, and C♦ Three most important factors that determine treatment are:• Site of the fracture• Stability of the implant• Quality of the surrounding bone stock.

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