scholarly journals THE CURRENT STATE OF DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF THE CONGENITAL TIBIA PSEUDOARTHROSIS

2021 ◽  
pp. 85-91
Author(s):  
Sergij Khmyzov ◽  
Yelizaveta Katsalap
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Membrane Technique ◽  
Minimal Trauma ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Induced Membrane Technique ◽  
The Moment

Congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia (CPT) is a rare disease that is detected with a frequency of 1 in 140–250,000 newborns. The disease is characterized by a wide range of clinical and radiological signs from progressive antecurvature deformation of the tibia to nonunion with a significant bone defect. Changes in the CPT area are caused by the influence of pathologically altered periosteum, which forms a fibrous hamartoma and is responsible for the deformityof the biomechanical properties of bone tissue. CPT can be formed at the moment of birth or developed spontaneously or as a result of minimal trauma in the early years. The main method of treatment of CPT is a surgery. Nowadays a number of surgical techniques, which are actively used and improved by specialists in the world, has been developed, The most used methods are the Ilizarovʼs method, application of intramedullary fixators, techniques with the use of vascularized tibial autograft, «induced membrane» technique. However, there are a few studies on comparing the effectiveness of different techniques or metal fixatives, most of them are presented in the format of a retrospective analysis of clinical cases series. This is due to the rarity of the disease and the lack of unified approaches on the choice of surgical treatment techniques. The main aim of surgical treatment of CPT is to achieveconsolidation in the area of pseudoarthrosis, which may restore the limb resistance. The part of primary consolidation of CPT after using the surgical treatment various techniques varies very much, range from 60 to 100 %. The percentage of children with CPT tibial amputations has decreased significantly over the past 30 years, which generally indicates an improvement of the results of surgical treatment of the mentioned pathology. However, CPT still remains one of the most difficult diseases of pediatric orthopedics due to the large number of unsatisfactory results and complications after surgery.

scholarly journals CLINICAL CASE OF APPLICATION OF AN OBTURIRUYUSHCHY ARTIFICIAL LIMB, AT MAINTENANCE SURGICAL TREATMENT OF DEFECT OF THE LOWER JAW

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 45-48
Author(s):  
Наталья Нуриева ◽  
Natal'ya Nurieva ◽  
Юрий Васильев ◽  
Yuri Vasilev
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Artificial Limb ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Lower Jaw ◽  
Orthopedic Rehabilitation ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Temporary Closure

Subject. The obturator for dissociation of an oral cavity from a nose cavity, the maxillary of cavities, the post surgeons of defects of maxillary bones. Purpose ― to carry out stomatology rehabilitation of the patient with the acquired defect of the lower jaw with use of the obturator. Methodology. Surgical treatment in maxillofacial area, often doesn't do without appearance of defects of maxillary bones. Elimination of the arising deformations unconditionally perhaps both surgical techniques, and orthopedic designs. Temporary closure of the formed defects and restoration of functions of breath, the speech and food can be the purpose of orthopedic maintenance, at surgical interventions, as division of an oral cavity from cavities of a nose, a bosom, and. We made use of experience of production of various obturator at more than 50 patients needing orthopedic rehabilitation for writing of this article, and in honesty in production of various designs the obturator of artificial limbs, at the moment and after the surgical and combined methods of treatment of new growths of maxillary bones postponed. All of them are at different stages of rehabilitation. Results. On example of a clinical case is shown a possible orthopedic way of closing of temporary defect of the lower jaw, by production of the obturator artificial limb adapted in an oral cavity. The Obturator artificial limb has the small sizes, can independently be established and be taken by the patient, for hygienic leaving, doesn't influence diction and an articulation, helps to avoid of postoperative defect and also to normalize meal. Conclusions. The assessment of results of the carried-out orthopedic treatment is carried out, its efficiency is established, practical recommendations about clinical use and ways of production are made.

scholarly journals The Primary Metatarsalgia: Pathogenesis, Biomechanics and Surgical Treatment

2017 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
D. S. Bobrov ◽  
L. J. Slinjakov ◽  
N. V. Rigin
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Supporting Surface ◽  
Excessive Pressure ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Tendon Lengthening ◽  
Metatarsal Bones ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The One

This paper presents a comprehensive review on the current concept of the diagnosis and treatment of central metatarsalgia on the basis of medical literature analyses. Metatarsalgia is the term for pain in the forefoot. This is a set of symptoms corresponding to a wide range of diseases. Central metatarsalgia is a kind of metatarsalgia which arises from structural-functional changes that lead to excessive pressure in the area of metatarsal heads. The data analysis demonstrated that presently various types of osteotomies of metatarsal bones are the main surgical treatment options with the chance of complication ranging from 6 to 50%. Weil-osteotomy is known to be the most popular type of osteotomy for treatment of central metatarsalgia. The most common complication of Weil-osteotomy is floating toe, the one that doesn’t contact with the supporting surface. In case Weil-osteotomy and intraphalangeal arthrodesis with trans acticular fixation are both performed, the complication of floating toe increases up to 50%. When Weil osteotomy, plantar plate repair, extensor digitorum longum tendon lengthening and triple Weil-osteotomy are performed simultaneously, the complication rate is 15% approximately which is much lower. Using combined osteotomy techniques as well as taking into account structural-functional pathologic changes of the forefoot and ligaments repair of metatarsalphalangeal joint will ensure the most successful development of surgical treatment techniques for central metatarsalgia.

Hook Plate as a Treatment for Flexor Digitorum Profundus Avulsion Types II and III

Hand ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 155894472095773
Author(s):  
Manel Fa-Binefa ◽  
Gonzalo Pérez-López ◽  
Marta Almenara ◽  
Claudia Lamas
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Flexor Digitorum Profundus ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Scale Range ◽  
Surgical Fixation ◽  
Fracture Types ◽  
Flexor Digitorum ◽  
Jersey Finger

Avulsion fracture types II and III of flexor digitorum profundus (FPD), also called Jersey Finger, in flexor zone 1 are an uncommon pathology requiring surgical treatment. The aim of this study was to assess whether hook miniplates were an accessible and reliable option to repair FDP avulsion types II and III. Between July and August 2018, we treated 2 consecutive patients’ zone 1 Leddy-Packer type II and III FDP injuries with hook plates and 1.2 × 7 mm screws included in Medartis Aptus Hand fixation system set. Patients were aged 37 and 39 years, a man and a woman, respectively. At the end of the follow-up, we evaluated the Visual Analog Scale, range of motion, grip strength, and Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand. Both patients completed 12 months of follow-up with excellent functional and radiological results. Neither presented complications or residual disability. This injury has been treated with a wide range of surgical techniques, including anchor suture, pullout button sutures, screws, and plates. However, due to the difficulty in surgical fixation of fragments around finger joints, limited access to ligaments and tendons, and the lack of cases, none of the techniques have turned out as a clear option above others. Hook plates placed in distal phalanx emerge as surgical treatment for FDP avulsion types II and III in flexor zone 1, with excellent clinical outcomes.

scholarly journals Masquelet’s induced membrane technique for the treatment of bone hydatid disease.

2021 ◽  
pp. 21-23
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Surgical Technique ◽  
Hydatid Cyst ◽  
Hydatid Disease ◽  
Rare Entity ◽  
Induced Membrane ◽  
Membrane Technique ◽  
Induced Membrane Technique ◽  
Endemic Areas

Bone Hydatid disease is a rare entity even in endemic areas. Insidious symptoms onset is due to progressive infiltration of the parasite into bony tissues. The frequent pseudo-tumoral presentation of bone parasitosis made its surgical treatment closer to carcinologic procedures. We report a case of hydatid disease of the femur managed in two-steps induced membrane surgical technique. Keywords: Hydatid cyst; femur; surgical technique.

Industrial Labour Force of Russia in 20-30s of XX Century in Russian Historiography

2020 ◽  
pp. 431-449
Author(s):  
Oleg V. Shekatunov ◽  
Konstantin G. Malykhin
Keyword(s):  
Labour Force ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Russian Industry ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
Potential Formation ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Force Potential ◽  
Modern Russian

The article is devoted to the specifics of studying the industrial labour force of Russia in the 1920s - 1930s in Russian historiography. The various stages of study from the 1920s through the 1930s and up to the last years are concerned. The relevance of the study is due to several factors. These include contradictions in the assessments of Bolshevik modernization of the 1920s and 1930s; projected labour force shortages in modern Russia; as well as the existing labour force shortage in industry at the moment. This determines the relevance of studying the historical period, which was characterized by the most acute personnel problems in the country. The novelty of the study is due to the fact that in modern Russian historiography there is no holistic, integrated view of the problems of the labour force potential formation of Russian industry in the 1920s and 1930s. It is noted that there is no research aimed at analyzing the historiography of these problems. The main stages of the study of industrial labour force are highlighted. The analysis of scientific works correlated with each stage of the study of the topic is performed. The problems and methodology of each stage are considered. A review of a wide range of scientific papers both articles and thesis is presented.

Potential Triazole-based Molecules for the Treatment of Neglected Diseases

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (23) ◽  
pp. 4403-4434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susimaire Pedersoli Mantoani ◽  
Peterson de Andrade ◽  
Talita Perez Cantuaria Chierrito ◽  
Andreza Silva Figueredo ◽  
Ivone Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Effective Treatment ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Medicinal Chemistry ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Neglected Diseases ◽  
Triazole Derivatives ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Great Relevance ◽  
The Moment

Neglected Diseases (NDs) affect million of people, especially the poorest population around the world. Several efforts to an effective treatment have proved insufficient at the moment. In this context, triazole derivatives have shown great relevance in medicinal chemistry due to a wide range of biological activities. This review aims to describe some of the most relevant and recent research focused on 1,2,3- and 1,2,4-triazolebased molecules targeting four expressive NDs: Chagas disease, Malaria, Tuberculosis and Leishmaniasis.

The Future of Plasma-Based Surface Engineering Techniques in Tribology (Keynote)

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allan Matthews ◽  
Adrian Leyland
Keyword(s):  
Surface Engineering ◽  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Bulk Material ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Ceramic Coatings ◽  
Performance Improvements ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Macro Scale

Over the past twenty years or so, there have been major steps forward both in the understanding of tribological mechanisms and in the development of new coating and treatment techniques to better “engineer” surfaces to achieve reductions in wear and friction. Particularly in the coatings tribology field, improved techniques and theories which enable us to study and understand the mechanisms occurring at the “nano”, “micro” and “macro” scale have allowed considerable progress to be made in (for example) understanding contact mechanisms and the influence of “third bodies” [1–5]. Over the same period, we have seen the emergence of the discipline which we now call “Surface Engineering”, by which, ideally, a bulk material (the ‘substrate’) and a coating are combined in a way that provides a cost-effective performance enhancement of which neither would be capable without the presence of the other. It is probably fair to say that the emergence and recognition of Surface Engineering as a field in its own right has been driven largely by the availability of “plasma”-based coating and treatment processes, which can provide surface properties which were previously unachievable. In particular, plasma-assisted (PA) physical vapour deposition (PVD) techniques, allowing wear-resistant ceramic thin films such as titanium nitride (TiN) to be deposited on a wide range of industrial tooling, gave a step-change in industrial productivity and manufactured product quality, and caught the attention of engineers due to the remarkable cost savings and performance improvements obtained. Subsequently, so-called 2nd- and 3rd-generation ceramic coatings (with multilayered or nanocomposite structures) have recently been developed [6–9], to further extend tool performance — the objective typically being to increase coating hardness further, or extend hardness capabilities to higher temperatures.

scholarly journals Long-Term Clinical Outcomes of Osteochondritis Dissecans Lesions of the Elbow Treated with Arthroscopy

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7_suppl4) ◽  
pp. 2325967121S0020
Author(s):  
Michael Ryan ◽  
Benton Emblom ◽  
E. Lyle Cain ◽  
Jeffrey Dugas ◽  
Marcus Rothermich
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Failure Rate ◽  
Osteochondritis Dissecans ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
The Other ◽  
Return To Play ◽  
Exclusion Criteria

Objectives: While numerous studies exist evaluating the short-term clinical outcomes for patients who underwent arthroscopy for osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) of the capitellum, literature on long-term clinical outcomes for a relatively high number of this subset of patients from a single institution is limited. We performed a retrospective analysis on all patients treated surgically for OCD of the capitellum at our institution from January 2001 to August 2018. Our hypothesis was that clinical outcomes for patients treated arthroscopically for OCD of the capitellum would be favorable, with improved subjective pain scores and acceptable return to play for these patients. Methods: Inclusion criteria for this study included the diagnosis and surgical treatment of OCD of the capitellum treated arthroscopically with greater than 2-year follow-up. Exclusion criteria included any surgical treatment on the ipsilateral elbow prior to the first elbow arthroscopy for OCD at our institution, a missing operative report, and/or any portions of the arthroscopic procedure that were done open. Follow-up was achieved over the phone by a single author using three questionnaires: American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons – Elbow (ASES-E), Andrews/Carson KJOC, and our institution-specific return-to-play questionnaire. Results: After the inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to our surgical database, our institution identified 101 patients eligible for this study. Of these patients, 3 were then excluded for incomplete operative reports, leaving 98 patients. Of those 98 patients, 81 were successfully contacted over the phone for an 82.7% follow-up rate. The average age for this group at arthroscopy was 15.2 years old and average post-operative time at follow-up was 8.2 years. Of the 81 patients, 74 had abrasion chondroplasty of the capitellar OCD lesion (91.4%) while the other 7 had minor debridement (8.6%). Of the 74 abrasion chondroplasties, 29 of those had microfracture, (39.2% of that subgroup and 35.8% of the entire inclusion group). Of the microfracture group, 4 also had an intraarticular, iliac crest, mesenchymal stem-cell injection into the elbow (13.7% of capitellar microfractures, 5.4% of abrasion chondroplasties, and 4.9% of the inclusion group overall). Additional arthroscopic procedures included osteophyte debridement, minor synovectomies, capsular releases, manipulation under anesthesia, and plica excisions. Nine patients had subsequent revision arthroscopy (11.1% failure rate, 5 of which were at our institution and 4 of which were elsewhere). There were also 3 patients within the inclusion group that had ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction/repair (3.7%, 1 of which was done at our institution and the other 2 elsewhere). Lastly, 3 patients had shoulder operations on the ipsilateral extremity (3.7%, 1 operation done at our institution and the other 2 elsewhere). To control for confounding variables, scores for the questionnaires were assessed only for patients with no other surgeries on the operative arm following arthroscopy (66 patients). This group had an adjusted average follow-up of 7.9 years. For the ASES-E questionnaire, the difference between the average of the ASES-E function scores for the right and the left was 0.87 out of a maximum of 36. ASES-E pain was an average of 2.37 out of a max pain scale of 50 and surgical satisfaction was an average of 9.5 out of 10. The average Andrews/Carson score out of a 100 was 91.5 and the average KJOC score was 90.5 out of 100. Additionally, out of the 64 patients evaluated who played sports at the time of their arthroscopy, 3 ceased athletic participation due to limitations of the elbow. Conclusions: In conclusion, this study demonstrated an excellent return-to-play rate and comparable subjective long-term questionnaire scores with a 11.1% failure rate following arthroscopy for OCD of the capitellum. Further statistical analysis is needed for additional comparisons, including return-to-play between different sports, outcome comparisons between different surgical techniques performed during the arthroscopies, and to what degree the size of the lesion, number of loose bodies removed or other associated comorbidities can influence long-term clinical outcomes.

scholarly journals EXPRESS: Overcoming the Cold Start Problem of CRM using a Probabilistic Machine Learning Approach

2021 ◽  
pp. 002224372110329
Author(s):  
Nicolas Padilla ◽  
Eva Ascarza
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Cold Start ◽  
Customer Relationship ◽  
Exponential Families ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Probabilistic Machine Learning ◽  
Marketing Actions ◽  
Cold Start Problem

The success of Customer Relationship Management (CRM) programs ultimately depends on the firm's ability to identify and leverage differences across customers — a very diffcult task when firms attempt to manage new customers, for whom only the first purchase has been observed. For those customers, the lack of repeated observations poses a structural challenge to inferring unobserved differences across them. This is what we call the “cold start” problem of CRM, whereby companies have difficulties leveraging existing data when they attempt to make inferences about customers at the beginning of their relationship. We propose a solution to the cold start problem by developing a probabilistic machine learning modeling framework that leverages the information collected at the moment of acquisition. The main aspect of the model is that it exibly captures latent dimensions that govern the behaviors observed at acquisition as well as future propensities to buy and to respond to marketing actions using deep exponential families. The model can be integrated with a variety of demand specifications and is exible enough to capture a wide range of heterogeneity structures. We validate our approach in a retail context and empirically demonstrate the model's ability at identifying high-value customers as well as those most sensitive to marketing actions, right after their first purchase.

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