State Policy in Converging Technologies: International and Russian Experience in the Growth Strategies Development

The article presents a systematization of distinctions in the converging technologies state policy implemented by foreign countries. NBIC convergence represents a source of a new direction in economic growth, as well as new regional development risks, which require the elaboration of appropriate government policy instruments at all its levels. The authors conclude that effective regional or national innovation policy measures can act as triggers that result in enterprises and scientific organizations entering into a converging technological innovation process, which allow them to take advantage of new emerging markets and industry conditions. In this process, regional or national authorities can play an important role in improving the basic conditions for companies and research institutions in their search for possible application areas, as well as giving them an access to information about modern methods assessing the opportunities and risks associated with converging technologies. The article analyzes the problems and restrictions that enterprises and organizations face on the way to the implementation of NBIC technologies (for example, the lack of specific information about new market opportunities for implementing converging technologies, search and association with new partners outside the sectors where companies operate, etc.) The authors propose directions for the regional specific features analysis, which allow elaborating territorial development programs for implementing converging technologies. Statistical analysis of the digital technologies usage in Russia and cross-country comparison by these indicators carried out by the authors allow concluding that the importance of ICT in the national economy is constantly increasing. The ICT role in building internal business and information interaction between companies and partners is becoming especially important for Russian companies. The level of distribution of cloud services in Russian organizations is comparable to the average for the EU countries. In this area Russia is ahead of France, Germany, and Austria. The industries with the best digitalization rates include the financial sector, retail and communications. At the same time, there remains a significant gap between the achieved level of ICT penetration in Russia and the countries that lead in the broadband Internet access availability, presence in the networks, and the use of information systems.

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Knowledge Production and R&D

Holistic Innovation Policy ◽

10.1093/oso/9780198809807.003.0004 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 55-82

Author(s):

Susana Borrás ◽

Charles Edquist

Keyword(s):

Public Policy ◽

Knowledge Production ◽

Research Policy ◽

Innovation Policy ◽

Innovation System ◽

Policy Instruments ◽

Innovation Process ◽

Technical Knowledge ◽

Design Phase

Who produces scientific and technical knowledge these days? What type of knowledge is being produced, and for what purposes? This chapter studies the role of public policy in knowledge production (especially R&D activities) relevant for the innovation process from a perspective of innovation systems. It identifies four typical policy-related obstacles and barriers related to knowledge production in an innovation system. Next, it elaborates a set of overall criteria for the selection and design of relevant policy instruments addressing those unbalances. Most importantly, the chapter argues that in most countries innovation policy continues to be subsumed under research policy. An holistic and problem-oriented innovation policy requires that innovation policy and research policy are separated from each other in the design phase—but it must be ensured that they support each other when implemented (in the same way as many other policy areas have to be coordinated with each other).

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Innovative Approaches to Develop «Smart» Cities: the Legal Framework in Ukraine and the European Experience

THE PROBLEMS OF ECONOMY ◽

10.32983/2222-0712-2021-2-95-102 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (48) ◽

pp. 95-102

Author(s):

I. V. Yaroshenko ◽

◽

I. B. Semyhulina ◽

Keyword(s):

State Policy ◽

Public Management ◽

Local Governance ◽

Smart Cities ◽

Well Being ◽

Legal Framework ◽

Territorial Development ◽

Environmental Friendliness ◽

European Experience ◽

Innovative Approaches

Over time, the role of cities as centers of economic, political and cultural life has increased significantly; they are major participants in the globalization process, affect economic growth and state policy. Cities are the main elements in many spheres of public life: they determine the education level and trends; the largest production facilities are placed in them or near them; city dwellers work as managers of different levels and shape state policy. Thus, the issues of urbanization, life and development of large cities, towns and areas around them are central to the consideration of self-government. Today, effective local governance and, consequently, effective development and promotion of the people’s well-being are viewed through the prism of achieving a balance between economic development, environmental protection and social development. Due to high population density, cities possess significant potential for creativity and innovation, energy conservation, environmental friendliness, socio-cultural diversity, etc., so it is the dynamic interaction of these features that drives European development. Setting sustainable development of cities and territories as a goal makes it important to take into account European experience not only in solving the existing problems of their functioning, but also in choosing priorities for the development of modern cities based on innovative approaches and the introduction of "smart" components. The significance of forming the required legal framework for an individual administrative and territorial unit (region, territory, city, community, etc.) to function, and of assessing its state for further use in public management of territorial development, determines the importance of developing and implementing an effective system of legal documents to address socio-economic problems and encourage sustainable regional (territorial) development in Ukraine.

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A model of the supplier involvement in the product innovation

Yugoslav journal of operations research ◽

10.2298/yjor140115013k ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 61-89 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Manoj Kumar ◽

Jyoti Raman ◽

Priya Raman

Keyword(s):

Supply Chain ◽

Product Innovation ◽

Innovation Policy ◽

Research Performance ◽

Innovation Process ◽

Effort Level ◽

Endogenous Time Preference ◽

Short Run ◽

Fluctuation Frequency

In this paper we examine the product innovation in a supply chain by a supplier and derive a model for a supplier?s product innovation policy. The product innovation of a supplier can contribute to the long-term competitiveness for the supply chain, and as it is for many supply chains a major factor, it should be considered in the development of strategies for a supplier. Here, we evaluate the effectiveness of supplier product innovation as a strategic tool to enhance the competitiveness and viability of supply chain. This paper explores the dynamic research performance of a supplier with endogenous time preference under a given arrangement of product innovation. We find that the optimal effort level and the achieved product innovation obey a saddle point path, or show tremendous fluctuations even without introducing the stochastic nature of product innovative activity. We also find that the fluctuation frequency is largely dependent both on the supplier?s characteristics such as supplier?s product innovative ability and on the nature of product innovation process per se. Short-run analyses are also made on the effect of supply chain cooperation in the product innovation process.

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The Choice of Innovation Policy Instruments

Holistic Innovation Policy ◽

10.1093/oso/9780198809807.003.0011 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 212-228

Author(s):

Susana Borrás ◽

Charles Edquist

Keyword(s):

Innovation Policy ◽

Innovation System ◽

Policy Instruments ◽

The Political ◽

Public Agencies ◽

Instrument Choice ◽

Different Types ◽

Policy Mixes

The purpose of this chapter is to discuss the different types of instruments of innovation policy, to examine how governments and public agencies in different countries and different times have used these instruments differently, to explore the political nature of instrument choice and design (and associated issues), and to elaborate a set of criteria for the selection and design of the instruments in relation to the formulation of holistic innovation policy. The chapter argues that innovation policy instruments must be designed and combined into mixes that address the problems of the innovation system. These mixes are often called ‘policy mixes’, though we prefer the term ‘instrument mix’. The wide combination of instruments into such mixes is what makes innovation policy ‘holistic’.

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Regional Innovation Systems: Finland’s Experience

World Economy and International Relations ◽

10.20542/0131-2227-2012-7-51-63 ◽

2012 ◽

pp. 51-63

Author(s):

V. Pchelintsev

Keyword(s):

Systems Approach ◽

Innovation Policy ◽

Regional Scale ◽

Innovation System ◽

Policy Instruments ◽

Innovation Systems ◽

Regional Innovation Systems ◽

Regional Innovation ◽

Non Local ◽

Innovation Policies

The paper examines governmental strategies, main actors and instruments of innovation policies shaping innovation-driven economy in Finland, with particular attention to the regional scale. The analysis focuses on how the regional innovation systems approach became a framework for the design of innovation policies. An innovation system involves cooperation between firms and knowledge creating and diffusing organizations, – such as universities, colleges, training organizations, R&D-institutes, technology transfer agencies. Innovations are considered as interactive learning process. Cooperation and interaction between regional/local and national/international actors is necessary to combine both local and non-local knowledge, skills and competences. The key elements of the policy environment, as well as implementation of the main regional innovation policy instruments – the Centers of Expertise Programme and Regional Centre Programme – are described.

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Re-imagining the future of education in the era of the fourth industrial revolution

Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes ◽

10.1108/whatt-10-2019-0066 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 3-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Matthew Olusoji Ilori ◽

Ibrahim Ajagunna

Keyword(s):

Artificial Intelligence ◽

Higher Education ◽

Communication Systems ◽

Industrial Revolution ◽

Innovation Policy ◽

Cloud Services ◽

Content Type ◽

Fourth Industrial Revolution ◽

Pertinent Data ◽

The Right

Purpose Globally, higher education has been, over the years, a source of innovation, policy, new knowledge and a national asset. However, the advent of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) is having an impact on the principles of learning from primary to tertiary levels. The purpose of this paper is to consider how the 4IR has and will continue to impact education at the various levels of learning. Design/methodology/approach The paper aims to bridge the perceived information gap and provide insights into the kinds of educational preparation and the skills and qualifications that 4IR jobs require. In response, the following are considered: the need to tweak the curriculum, adopt the right technology for in class and online delivery and the projection of other learning techniques and skills that are often not considered pertinent. Data gathering for the report was by discussion with experts and consultation of relevant articles and write-ups from related websites. Findings The advent of smart communication systems involving artificial intelligence, internet, robotics, virtual reality and digital textbooks has opened a new vista in relation to how and what is learnt in schools. Just as technologies brought about smart communication systems, the 4IR model of higher education is rapidly evolving and as such, curriculum development and review must be dynamic, and it must keep pace with the technological advances and skills required in the twenty first century. Research limitations/implications More purposeful research needs to be conducted in universities and industries with the intention of accelerating internal and external innovations so that markets can be expanded. Furthermore, efforts to reduce the cost and time of generating innovations will need to be intensified. Practical implications The value and emphasis that are placed on the acquisition of degrees and paper qualifications are changing rapidly. Although it is traditional for students to compete for admission to the face-to-face classroom model, it is no longer unusual for a student to take courses online from any part of the world and still be accepted into positions usually reserved for traditional classroom education. Social implications As at today, examples of 4IR services include Uber, Airbnb, Cloud services, Artificial intelligence, Cyber-security, three-dimensional printers, driverless cars and robotics. Machine learning and drone technology are also of growing significance. As yet, subjects dealing with such inventions and innovations are not part of the curriculum of many institutions and this is a cause for concern. Originality/value The 4IR era will bring great changes to how students are taught and what students must learn as the tools for transformational learning are already overwhelming. Jobs will be scarce for those without the requisite skills, whereas those with the right skills will have to keep up with the pace of technological development, otherwise they too will be left behind. Schools will increasingly become centres for the generation of innovation and its incubation and in all this, quality learning, teaching and knowledge impartation can easily be carried out online.

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APPROACH TO INNOVATIVE ACTIVITIES BY LITHUANIAN COMPANIES IN THE CURRENT CONDITIONS OF DEVELOPMENT / LIETUVOS ĮMONIŲ POŽIŪRIS Į INOVACINĘ VEIKLĄ DABARTINIO VYSTYMOSI SĄLYGOMIS

Technological and Economic Development of Economy ◽

10.3846/1392-8619.2008.14.595-611 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 595-611 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Abel Adekola ◽

Renata Korsakienė ◽

Manuela Tvaronavičienė

Keyword(s):

Educational System ◽

State Policy ◽

Innovation Policy ◽

Innovation Performance ◽

Economic Conditions ◽

Know How ◽

Insight Into

The paper aims to reveal the approach of Lithuanian companies towards innovations. In order to take into account conditions, specific to the considered country an, overview of Lithuanian economy with a closer look at demographic and employment tendencies is presented; analysis of statistically estimated innovation performance and state innovation policy performed. Insight into factors driving innovations into Lithuanian business companies is being made through questioning the randomly chosen 1001 Lithuanian business companies. The performed survey allows us to disclose how companies react to factors fostering and restricting innovations, how they perceive role of state policy in the process of innovative activities. Obtained results provide us with empirical evidences how business companies react to specific economic conditions, and if there is a sufficient correspondence between educational system and supply of know‐how susceptible employees demanded by business companies. Santrauka Straipsnio tikslas – atskleisti Lietuvos įmonių požiūrį į inovacinę veiklą. Siekiant atsižvelgti į specifines šalies sąlygas, pateikiama Lietuvos ekonomikos apžvalga, daugiau dėmesio teikiama emigracijos ir nedarbo tendencijoms, pateikiama statistinė inovacinės veiklos ir šalies inovacijų politikos apžvalga. Pagrindinius veiksnius, lemiančius inovacijų kūrimą Lietuvos verslo įmonėse, padeda atskleisti atsitiktinai pasirinktos 1001 įmonės apklausa. Ši apklausa parodo, kaip įmonės reaguoja į veiksnius, skatinančius ir ribojančius inovacijas, kaip vykstant inovacinės veiklos procesui įmonės vertina valstybės inovacijų politiką. Gauti rezultatai leidžia daryti išvadas apie įmonių reakciją į specifines ekonomines sąlygas bei kvalifikuotos darbo jėgos pasiūlos ir paklausos lygį.

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