scholarly journals Electronic Module for Photoplethysmography аnd Pulse Oximetry

2018 ◽  
pp. 15-21
Author(s):  
Igor Isupov ◽  
Rimma Zatrudina
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Pulse Oximetry ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Blood Circulation ◽  
Open Architecture ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Interference Tests ◽  
Pulse Oximeters ◽  
Peripheral Blood Circulation

Methods of pulse oximetry and photoplethysmography are widely used in clinical medicine and practice of biomedical research outside the clinic. The advantages of the method are high efficiency of preparation for the diagnostic procedure, non-invasive, complete safety for health. The method provides the possibility of unlimited long - term monitoring of the dynamics of saturation and desaturation of hemoglobin. In combination with the above, subject to the qualitative registration of photoplethysmograms, the method allows the calculation and analysis of a number of indicators of peripheral blood circulation: the total pulse blood flow to the study region, the tone of arterial vessels of different diameters, the state of capillary blood flow. Most modern foreign models of pulse oximeters are integrated devices that provide measurement of a very limited set of physiological parameters: the percentage of hemoglobin oxygen saturation and pulse rate. The range of pulse oximeters containing the interface with the personal computer and providing operational calculation of indicators of peripheral photoplethysmograms is small. Such devices have a fairlyhigh cost and are not portable. The development of domestic integrated electronic devices is extremely relevant, allowing along with obtaining information about blood oxygenation to perform continuous monitoring of peripheral blood circulation. The authors developed an electronic module that provides long-term registration of photoplethysmograms in the infrared and red areas of the light spectrum. The electronic module is made exclusively with the use of domestic active radio elements – discrete semiconductor devices and integrated circuits. The device was developed in full compliance with the import substitution policy pursued by the President and the Government of the Russian Federation. The advantage of the device is the "open architecture" of the electronic circuit, which provides four analog signals suitable for further digitization. The signals contain information about pulsating and non-pulsating components of the optical density of biological tissue in the infrared and red ranges of the spectrum. The device has an electronic filter of mains interference. Tests of the device demonstrated high quality of photoplethysmograms. This makes it possible tosuccessfullyuse the device for studies of hemoglobin oxygenation and peripheral hemodynamics.

Acanthopanax senticosus Induces Vasorelaxation via Endothelial Nitric Oxide-Dependent and -Independent Pathways

Planta Medica ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 85 (13) ◽  
pp. 1080-1087 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yayoi Shiokawa ◽  
Shino Miyauchi-Wakuda ◽  
Satomi Kagota ◽  
Kana Maruyama-Fumoto ◽  
Shizuo Yamada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Blood Circulation ◽  
Tissue Blood Flow ◽  
No Production ◽  
Organ Bath ◽  
Acanthopanax Senticosus ◽  
Peripheral Blood Circulation

AbstractAlthough Acanthopanax senticosus root extract (ASRE), a functional food used in Japan, improves peripheral blood circulation and exerts vasorelaxant effects in rats under healthy conditions, the underlying mechanisms currently remain unclear. Therefore, we investigated the mechanisms responsible for ASRE-induced relaxation in isolated thoracic aortas using organ bath techniques and examined whether ASRE affects systemic and peripheral circulation using a photoplethysmographic tail-cuff system and noncontact laser tissue blood flow meter in Wistar rats. Similar to acetylcholine (ACh), ASRE induced dose-dependent relaxation in aortas pre-contracted with phenylephrine; however, in contrast to ACh, ASRE-induced relaxation was partially inhibited by treatments with antagonists of nitric oxide (NO) synthase and soluble guanylyl cyclase as well as by endothelium removal. Contractile responses to phenylephrine or potassium chloride were observed in the presence of ASRE. The oral administration of ASRE (900 mg/kg/d for 1 wk) decreased systolic blood pressure in rats 3 h after the treatment and did not affect heart rate, tail blood flow, mass, or velocity; this decreasing effect was not observed on day 2. A 1-wk treatment with ASRE did not affect vasorelaxation in response to ASRE. These results demonstrate that ASRE induces vasorelaxation via endothelial NO production and an NO-independent pathway in rats. Based on these findings, positive impacts of ASRE on blood pressure and peripheral blood circulation cannot be expected under healthy conditions as the systemic effects of ASRE are temporary. Instead, caution is needed to prevent the occurrence of side effects (i.e., orthostatic dizziness) at the beginning of ASRE dosing.

Individual mechanisms underlying peripheral nerve damage when exposed to metallic mercury

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (12) ◽  
pp. 918-924
Author(s):  
Dina V. Rusanova ◽  
Oleg L. Lakhman ◽  
Galina M. Bodienkova ◽  
Irina V. Kudaeva ◽  
Natalya G. Kuptsova
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Peripheral Nerves ◽  
Blood Circulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Contact Period ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Damage ◽  
Demyelinating Disorders ◽  
Peripheral Blood Circulation ◽  
Antibodies To Dna

Introduction. There is a lack of knowledge of the pathophysiological mechanisms that form peripheral nerve disorders in mercury lesions of professional origin. The study aims to reveal the mechanisms underlying peripheral nerve damage in the long-term post-contact period of chronic mercury intoxication (CMI). Materials and methods. Fifty-one people had the diagnosis of a long-term period of CMI. The post-contact period was 8.5±2.6 years. The authors compared the results with a control group of 26 healthy men who had no contact with toxic substances. Stimulating electroneuromyography was performed. We studied the body systems that could contribute to the formation of disorders in the peripheral nerves. Changes in peripheral hemodynamics were studied using reovasography. The content of autoantibodies, neuron-specific enolase, serotonin, histamine, catecholamines (epinephrine, dopamine), metanephrine, and neurotrophin-3 was reviewed. The content of ceruloplasmin, secondary products of lipid peroxidation processes, reduced glutathione, the activity of superoxide dismutase and the content of nitric oxide levels were determined. Results. The study established pathogenetic structural links of peripheral nerve disorders. The autoimmune process's role was to increase the range of antibodies to the MAG protein and increase the level of antibodies to DNA. Violations of elastic-tonic properties of peripheral vessels could be associated with the functional state of motor axons. The increased content of neurotransmitters is related to the state of peripheral blood circulation; the most pronounced changes were on the legs, which could contribute to the occurrence and maintenance of vasoconstriction. The role of oxidative stress in the formation of demyelinating disorders in patients' peripheral nerves in the long-term period of CRI is possible. Conclusion. Neuroimmunological processes has an essential role in the development of peripheral nerve demyelination was shown, which consists in an increase in the content of antibodies to the MAG protein expressed on Schwann cells of peripheral nerves and in an increase in the level of antibodies to DNA involved in the formation of demyelinating changes when exposed to metallic mercury. The revealed pathological changes in the state of the peripheral blood circulation, characterized by a violation of the vessels' elastic-tonic properties, leading to demyelination of motor axons in patients in the long-term period of CMI. The increased content of neurotransmitters in the examined is of great importance in the state of peripheral circulation. Pronounced changes in blood circulation are established on the lower extremities, which may be associated with the predominance of α-adrenergic receptors in the arterial bed and may contribute to the occurrence and maintenance of vasoconstriction in the legs. The relationship between changes in indicators of oxidative stress, consisting of a decrease in the value of superoxide dismutase and reduced glutathione, and the formation of demyelinating disorders of peripheral nerves in patients in the long-term period of CMI has been proved.

scholarly journals Device to determine the level of peripheral blood circulation and saturation

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetyana I. Kozlovska ◽  
Sergii V. Sander ◽  
Sergii M. Zlepko ◽  
Valentina B. Vasilenko ◽  
Volodymyr S. Pavlov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Blood Circulation ◽  
Peripheral Blood Circulation

P-5 The effect of harmonic therapy on acute peripheral blood circulation in young males

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. A34-A35
Author(s):  
K Alsayani ◽  
U Bas Aslan ◽  
N Büker ◽  
R Savkin ◽  
E Firat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Blood Circulation ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Peripheral Blood Circulation

scholarly journals Pengaruh Therapeutic Exercise Walking terhadap Sirkulasi Darah Perifer pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 di Kelurahan Gebang Kecamatan Patrang Kabupaten Jember. (The Effect of Therapeutic Exercise Walking on Pheripheral Blood Circulation in Patients wit

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Erti Ikhtiarini Dewi ◽  
Amadea Yollanda ◽  
Nur Widayati ◽  
Rondhianto Rondhianto
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Blood Circulation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Therapeutic Exercise ◽  
Peripheral Blood Circulation

Pathological change experienced by patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus is impaired peripheralblood circulation, especially in the lower limbs and feet. Peripheral blood circulation can be examinedby measuring Ankle Brachial Index (ABI). Therapeutic exercise walking is one of physical activitieswhich can improve blood circulation. This research goal was to analyze the effect of therapeuticexercise walking on peripheral blood circulation in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Theresearch design was randomized control group pretest-posttest design. The sample size was 15respondents as control group and 15 respondents as treatment group. Data was analyzed by usingdependent t-test and independent t-test with significant level of 0.05. This result showed a significantincrease of ABI after therapeutic exercise walking in the treatment group (p= 0.001). However therewas a significant decrease of ABI between pretest and posttest in control group (p=0.010).Independent t-test indicated a significant difference of ABI between treatment group and controlgroup (p=0.000). So, it can be concluded that there is an influence of therapeutic exercise walking onthe peripheral blood circulation in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Nurses should applytherapeutic exercise walking to improve peripheral blood circulation in patients with type 2 diabetesmellitus.Keywords: type 2 diabetes mellitus, therapeutic exercise walking, ankle brachial index

A possible characterization of the homoeopathic effect

1997 ◽  
Vol 86 (01) ◽  
pp. 4-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guadalupe Ruiz Vega ◽  
José-Leonel Torres
Keyword(s):  
Power Spectrum ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Blood Circulation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Systematic Variation ◽  
Mathematical Treatment ◽  
Relevant Parameter ◽  
Electrical Signals ◽  
Peripheral Blood Circulation

AbstractElectrical signals from a photoelectric plethysmograph are used to test peripheral blood circulation as a source of a homoeopathically relevant parameter that will vary in a reproducible and systematic way following exhibition of specific medicines in homoeopathic doses. Mathematical treatment of the signals gives a Fourier power spectrum with an approximately linear profile (in a log-log plot) at the lowest frequencies. The gradient of this line seems to meet the above requirements of reproducible and systematic variation under a homoeopathic stimulus, and this is our basis to propose an analogous treatment for other electrical signals from the body, especially those from the heart and brain.

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