scholarly journals Effects of Endurance Exercise Training on Adipose Tissue Inflammatory Gene Expression in Elderly Rats with Diet-Induced Obesity

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-45
Author(s):  
Kijin Kim
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Endurance Exercise ◽  
Inflammatory Gene Expression ◽  
Inflammatory Gene ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity ◽  
Endurance Exercise Training

Inflammation, but not recruitment, of adipose tissue macrophages requires signalling through Mac-1 (CD11b/CD18) in diet-induced obesity (DIO)

2017 ◽  
Vol 117 (02) ◽  
pp. 325-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis Wolf ◽  
Nora Bukosza ◽  
David Engel ◽  
Marjorie Poggi ◽  
Felix Jehle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Adipose Tissue Inflammation ◽  
Inflammatory Gene Expression ◽  
Tissue Inflammation ◽  
Inflammatory Gene ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity ◽  
Adipose Tissue Macrophages ◽  
Cell Accumulation

SummaryCell accumulation is a prerequisite for adipose tissue inflammation. The leukocyte integrin Mac-1 (CD11b/CD18, αMβ2) is a classic adhesion receptor critically regulating inflammatory cell recruitment. Here, we tested the hypothesis that a genetic deficiency and a therapeutic modulation of Mac-1 regulate adipose tissue inflammation in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity (DIO). C57Bl6/J mice genetically deficient (Mac-1-/-) or competent for Mac-1 (WT) consumed a high fat diet for 20 weeks. Surprisingly, Mac-1-/- mice presented with increased diet-induced weight gain, decreased insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle and in the liver in insulin-clamps, insulin secretion deficiency and elevated glucose levels in fasting animals, and dyslipidaemia. Unexpectedly, accumulation of adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) was unaffected, while gene expression indicated less inflamed adipose tissue and macrophages in Mac-1-/- mice. In contrast, inflammatory gene expression at distant locations, such as in skeletal muscle, was not changed. Treatment of ATMs with an agonistic anti-Mac-1 antibody, M1/70, induced pro-inflammatory genes in cell culture. In vivo, treatment with M1/70 induced a hyper-inflammatory phenotype with increased expression of IL-6 and MCP-1, whereas accumulation of ATMs did not change. Finally, inhibition of Mac-1’s adhesive interaction to CD40L by the peptide inhibitor cM7 did not affect myeloid cell accumulation in adipose tissue. We present the surprising finding that adhesive properties of the leukocyte integrin Mac-1 are not required for macrophage accumulation in adipose tissue. Instead, Mac-1 modulates inflammatory gene expression in macrophages. These findings question the net effect of integrin blockade in cardio-metabolic disease.D. W., N. B., and D. E. equally contributed to this work.K. P., E. L., and A. Z. share senior authorship.Note: The review process for this manuscript was fully handled by Gregory Y. H. Lip, Editor in Chief.Supplementary Material to this article is available online at www.thrombosis-online.com.

scholarly journals Exercise Training Effects on Inflammatory Gene Expression in White Adipose Tissue of Young Mice

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracy Baynard ◽  
Victoria J. Vieira-Potter ◽  
Rudy J. Valentine ◽  
Jeffrey A. Woods
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
Training Effects ◽  
Inflammatory Gene Expression ◽  
Inflammatory Gene ◽  
Young Mice

Endurance exercise training increases insulin responsiveness in isolated adipocytes through IRS/PI3-kinase/Akt pathway

2005 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 1037-1043 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sidney B. Peres ◽  
Solange M. Franzói de Moraes ◽  
Cecilia E. M. Costa ◽  
Luciana C. Brito ◽  
Julie Takada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Insulin Receptor ◽  
Endurance Exercise ◽  
Pi3 Kinase ◽  
Akt Pathway ◽  
Β Subunit ◽  
Endurance Exercise Training ◽  
Isolated Adipocytes

Endurance exercise training promotes important metabolic adaptations, and the adipose tissue is particularly affected. The aim of this study was to investigate how endurance exercise training modulates some aspects of insulin action in isolated adipocytes and in intact adipose tissue. Male Wistar rats were submitted to daily treadmill running (1 h/day) for 7 wk. Sedentary age-matched rats were used as controls. Final body weight, body weight gain, and epididymal fat pad weight did not show any statistical differences between groups. Adipocytes from trained rats were smaller than those from sedentary rats (205 ± 16.8 vs. 286 ± 26.4 pl; P < 0.05). Trained rats showed decreased plasma glucose (4.9 ± 0.13 vs. 5.3 ± 0.07 mM; P < 0.05) and insulin levels (0.24 ± 0.012 vs. 0.41 ± 0.049 mM; P < 0.05) and increased insulin-stimulated glucose uptake (23.1 ± 3.1 vs. 12.1 ± 2.9 pmol/cm2; P < 0.05) compared with sedentary rats. The number of insulin receptors and the insulin-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptor-β subunit did not change between groups. Insulin-induced tyrosine phosphorylation insulin receptor substrates (IRS)-1 and -2 increased significantly (1.57- and 2.38-fold, respectively) in trained rats. Insulin-induced IRS-1/phosphatidylinositol 3 (PI3)-kinase (but not IRS-2/PI3-kinase) association and serine Akt phosphorylation also increased (2.06- and 3.15-fold, respectively) after training. The protein content of insulin receptor-β subunit, IRS-1 and -2, did not differ between groups. Taken together, these data support the hypothesis that the increased adipocyte responsiveness to insulin observed after endurance exercise training is modulated by IRS/PI3-kinase/Akt pathway.

Pro-inflammatory gene expression in adipose tissue in patients with atherosclerosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 252 ◽  
pp. e174 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Čejková ◽  
I. Králová Lesná ◽  
J. Froněk ◽  
A. Králová ◽  
R. Poledne
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Inflammatory Gene Expression ◽  
Inflammatory Gene

scholarly journals Effects of 10 Days of Endurance Exercise Training on the Suppression of Whole Body and Regional Lipolysis by Insulin1

2000 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 1498-1504
Author(s):  
R. C. Hickner ◽  
S. B. Racette ◽  
E. F. Binder ◽  
J. S. Fisher ◽  
W. M. Kohrt
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Endurance Exercise ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Endurance Exercise Training ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Basal Plasma

The aim of this study was to evaluate in premenopausal women (10 sedentary obese women) the effects of 10 days of exercise on the suppression of whole body and regional lipolysis by insulin. Lipolysis was determined using 2H5-glycerol infusion and microdialysis of sc adipose tissue during a two-stage hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp [10 (LO) and 20 (MO) mU/m·min]. Microdialysis probes were positioned in abdominal and femoral sc adipose tissue to monitor interstitial glycerol and blood flow. Basal plasma glycerol was 86.7 ± 17.0 and 100.3 ± 19.8 μmol/L before and after training, respectively (P &lt; 0.05). Plasma glycerol was suppressed to a greater extent after [to 47 ± 5% (LO) and 42 ± 5% (MO) of basal] than before [to 62 ± 8% (LO) and 55 ± 8% (MO) of basal] training. The rate of appearance of glycerol was suppressed to 49 ± 7% and 40 ± 5% of basal during LO and to 38 ± 5% and 30 ± 4% of basal during MO (P &lt; 0.05) before and after training, respectively. There were no differences in the suppression of lipolysis in abdominal as well as femoral sc adipose tissue as evidenced by similar reductions in dialysate glycerol levels before and after training in each of these tissues. The results indicate that the antilipolytic response to insulin can be improved through endurance exercise training. Intraabdominal adipose tissue or skeletal muscle may be the site of improved antilipolytic response to insulin after training, as improvement was not evident in abdominal or femoral sc adipose tissue.

scholarly journals PBMCs express a transcriptome signature predictor of oxygen uptake responsiveness to endurance exercise training in men

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Gonçalves Dias ◽  
Michelle Sabrina Moreira Silva ◽  
Nubia Esteban Duarte ◽  
Wladimir Bolani ◽  
Cleber Renê Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Endurance Training ◽  
Endurance Exercise ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Functional Enrichment ◽  
Total Rna ◽  
Transcriptional Signature ◽  
Endurance Exercise Training

Peripheral blood cells are an accessible environment in which to visualize exercise-induced alterations in global gene expression patterns. We aimed to identify a peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) signature represented by alterations in gene expression, in response to a standardized endurance exercise training protocol. In addition, we searched for molecular classifiers of the variability in oxygen uptake (V̇o2). Healthy untrained policemen recruits ( n = 13, 25 ± 3 yr) were selected. Peak V̇o2 (measured by cardiopulmonary exercise testing) and total RNA from PBMCs were obtained before and after 18 wk of running endurance training (3 times/wk, 60 min). Total RNA was used for whole genome expression analysis using Affymetrix GeneChip Human Gene 1.0 ST. Data were normalized by the robust multiarray average algorithm. Principal component analysis was used to perform correlations between baseline gene expression and V̇o2peak. A set of 211 transcripts was differentially expressed (ANOVA, P < 0.05 and fold change > 1.3). Functional enrichment analysis revealed that transcripts were mainly related to immune function, cell cycle processes, development, and growth. Baseline expression of 98 and 53 transcripts was associated with the absolute and relative V̇o2peak response, respectively, with a strong correlation ( r > 0.75, P < 0.01), and this panel was able to classify the 13 individuals according to their potential to improve oxygen uptake. A subset of 10 transcripts represented these signatures to a similar extent. PBMCs reveal a transcriptional signature responsive to endurance training. Additionally, a baseline transcriptional signature was associated with changes in V̇o2peak. Results might illustrate the possibility of obtaining molecular classifiers of endurance capacity changes through a minimally invasive blood sampling procedure.

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