scholarly journals Winegrower’s Knives in the Mediaeval Crimea

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 147-163
Author(s):  
Valentin Konstantinovich Gantsev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Features ◽  
The South ◽  
Archaeological Evidence ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Byzantine Period ◽  
Western European ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

This paper addresses the archaeological evidence of the development of viticulture in the mediaeval Crimea as a specialized branch of agriculture. Although the scholarship mentions the areas where vines were planted (Dimitraki hollow, the vicinity of the castle of Siuiren’, Mangup, etc.), these publications do not provide any appropriate descriptions or illustrations. Therefore, reliable archaeological sources include primarily the finds of special winegrower’s knives with a curved (crescent-shaped) blade. There are three zones of their distribution in the south-western (vicinity of Cherson, Eski-Kermen, Mangup, and the vicinity of the castle of Siuiren’), south-eastern (Tepsen’ and Kordon-Oba), and southern Crimea (Isar-Kaia and the vicinity of the castle of Funa). Their chronology covers the period from the eighth to thirteenth centuries. There are two main groups of winegrower’s knives determined according to their morphological features: group 1 comprises tanged knives and group 2 socketed knives. Each group is divided into two subgroups, depending on the presence or absence of a special trapezoidal protrusion, or “axe”, on the back of the blade. The iconographic materials demonstrate that winegrower`s knives of subgroup 1B occurred in the Late Byzantine Period (tanged winegrower’s knife with a sub-rectangular “axe” on the back of the blade). Western European Late Mediaeval miniatures demonstrate the functional use of winegrower`s knives of subgroup 1A (small tanged knives with no “axe”) intended for cutting bunches of grapes.

scholarly journals Pottery from the Vak-Kur cemetery of the Yudina Culture (based on materials from excavations 3–6)

2020 ◽  
pp. 83-97
Author(s):  
N.P. Turova
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Burial Ground ◽  
The South ◽  
Significant Similarity ◽  
Funeral Ritual ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Right ◽  
Archeological Artifacts

Researchers associate the medieval archeological artifacts of the Middle Trans-Urals, whose pottery bears cord impressions, with the Chiyalik, Molchanvo and Yudina Cultures. Despite the large number of artifacts that have been studied, many questions remain open. These include the status, chronology, and interaction of the Molchanovo and Yudina antiquities, as well as the evolution and specifics of their pottery complexes. Publication and analysis of the ceramic collections from Vak-Kur, the largest burial ground of the Yudina Culture, contribute to addressing some problems related to «the Corded Ware cultures». The Vak-Kur burial ground is dated to the 10th–11th centuries based on the assemblage of the associated goods. It is located in the south-eastern part of the Yudina Culture areal, on the right shore of the Tobol River. For all the time of excavations in the area of the ne-cropolis, 220 burials have been studied. The dead were buried in shallow pits according to the ritual of inhuma-tion, on their backs. A specific feature of the funeral ritual is breaking of a part of the accompanying equipment and use of funerary masks. Decorative and morphological features of 143 Yudina vessels have been examined. The tableware has been categorized according to four topographic groups after excavations 3 to 6. It has been noted that, despite the similar shapes of pots, and ornamental proportions and patterns, the pottery from excava-tions 3 to 6 demonstrates a different frequency in use of such elements in the décor as the cord and figured stamps. The biggest differences were detected between the ceramic artifacts found in excavations 4 and 6. It was suggested that the differences in décor between pottery from different excavations are determined not by their asynchronous nature, but by the existence of several tribal sites in the area of the Yudina necropolis. The com-parison of ceramic collections from the Vak-Kur burial ground with those from the medieval burial and settlement sites of the Yudina Culture showed that the pottery from the necropolis is most closely related to collections from the Plamya Sibiri 6 and 7, and Antonovo 1 settlements located in the Tura River basin. These sites were dated by their investigator to the earlier period (6th to 9th centuries) and attributed to the Molchanovo Culture. Based on the significant similarity between the pottery of the named sites and the dishware of the 10th to 11th centuries from excavation 4 of the Vak-Kur burial ground, a revision of the chronology and cultural attribution of these sites has been proposed.

/ka-/ negative prefix of Choswateng Tibetan of Khams (Shangri-La, Yunnan)

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 593-629
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Suzuki ◽  
Lozong Lhamo
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Feature ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
The South ◽  
Rhetorical Question ◽  
The Third ◽  
South Eastern

Abstract Choswateng Tibetan, spoken in the south-eastern corner of the Khams region, has three negative prefixes: /ȵi-/, /ma-/, and /ka-/. The first two are derived from two morphemes which are ubiquitous across Tibetic languages, whereas the third is a newly generated negative prefix found in Choswateng Tibetan as well as its surrounding dialects belonging to the rGyalthang subgroup of Khams and its neighbours. This article describes the morphological feature and use of the prefix /ka-/ in Choswateng Tibetan. Morphologically, the prefix /ka-/ can co-occur with most verbs except for the copulative verb /ˊreʔ/. Pragmatically, the prefix /ka-/ occurs and is restricted in the following ways: (1) expresses ‘definitely not’ for statements regarding the self, and ‘possibly not, judging from the speaker’s knowledge’ for statements regarding others; (2) co-occurs with egophoric and sensory evidentials; (3) is not used for a negation of accomplished aspect; and (4) does not deprive the function of the other two negative prefixes. These two analyzes are mutually related; it is suggested that the reason why /ka-/ cannot co-occur with the copulative verb /ˊreʔ/ is triggered by a contradiction of implied evidentials: /ka-/ is related to egophoric and sensory, whereas /ˊreʔ/ is statemental. Following the description of its use, we discuss the origin of /ka-/, claiming a possible grammaticalization from an interrogative word gar (‘where’ in Literary Tibetan and common throughout the rGyalthang area) in a rhetorical question to a prefix. Referring to several morphological features of /ka-/, we consider its grammaticalization as ongoing, but most advanced in Choswateng Tibetan.

scholarly journals Anterior Capsule of the Lens: Comparison of Morphological Properties and Apoptosis Induction following FLACS and Standard Phacoemulsification Surgery

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Pisciotta ◽  
Michele De Maria ◽  
Tommaso Verdina ◽  
Elisa Fornasari ◽  
Anto de Pol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Laser Pulses ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Apoptosis Induction ◽  
Plasma Generation ◽  
Electron Microscopy Analysis ◽  
Microscopy Analysis ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Purpose. Comparative evaluation of morphological features of anterior capsules and apoptosis induction in epithelial cells after femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) and standard phacoemulsification surgery. Methods. Group 1: 30 FLACS anterior capsulotomies and Group 2: 30 manual anterior continuous curvilinear capsulorhexes. All patients were operated on by the same experienced surgeon. Morphological features of the anterior capsules and apoptosis induction in epithelial cells were evaluated. Results. All patients revealed a significant mean best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) improvement 3 months after surgery, and no major intraoperative nor postoperative complications occurred. The capsular epithelium appeared to be preserved in both groups. Scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed irregular saw-tooth shaped edges in capsules from Group 1 whereas capsules from Group 2 showed regular and smooth edges. A statistically significant higher expression of the downstream apoptotic effector cleaved caspase 3 was observed in Group 1. Conclusions. The saw-tooth appearance was likely due to the progressive sequence of laser pulses on the capsule. The low energy/high frequency properties of the laser pulse, combined with an overlapped pulse pattern, resulted in highly continuous morphology of capsule edges. The higher apoptosis induction in FLACS group might be due to photodisruption-dependent plasma generation and formation of cavitation bubbles.

scholarly journals HARNESS FITTINGS OF 7th—6th CENTURIES BC IN THE TRANSCAUCASIA AND THE NEAR EAST

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-50
Author(s):  
S. V. Makhortykh
Keyword(s):  
Near East ◽  
Northern Caucasus ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
The South ◽  
South Caucasus ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Main Period ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The article is devoted to the analysis of different types of metal and bone harness fittings of VII—VI centuries BC which were found in the South Caucasus and the Near East. Among those fittings, which are constituted about 50 artifacts, two major groups could be distinguished: plain fittings of various geometric shapes and fittings with zoomorphic decorations. The latter group dominates and constitutes about 80 % of the total number of findings. The major regions of distribution of these horse harness attachments are Armenia and Turkey. The cylindrical harness fittings of the first type from the group 1 were the most widespread among the geometrical samples (8 items), while among the zoomorphic ones — claw-shaped, or beak-shaped objects of type 1 from the group 2 (19 items). It should be noted that the majority of the analyzed finds were found not in burial monuments, as in the Northern Caucasus and in the Ukrainian forest-steppe, but at settlements. The emergence of the tradition of manufacturing, as well as the widespread using of various types of harness fittings, and primarily the zoomorphic ones, to the South of the main Caucasian ridge, was the result of the staying and activity on this territory of the Scythians of the South of Eastern Europe. The main period of existence of strap-dividers in Transcaucasia and the Near East was the second half of the VII — the first half of the VI centuries BC.

scholarly journals Systematic Revision of the Genus Pancratium L. (Amaryllidaceae) in Egypt with a New Addition

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 24-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azza EL-HADIDY ◽  
Monier ABD EL-GHANI ◽  
Wafaa AMER ◽  
Rania HASSAN
Keyword(s):  
New Record ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
The South ◽  
Leaf Base ◽  
Systematic Revision ◽  
Leaf Orientation ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Flora Of Egypt

In Egypt, taxonomic aspects of the genus Pancratium L. (Amaryllidaceae, Pancratieae) were thoroughly studied to point out the most reliable characters for taxon delimitation. Here, we base our species on both geographical and morphological features. The detailed taxonomic revision of genus Pancratium is based on field studies and the examination of representative specimens together with the authentic types deposited in the major herbaria of Egypt and Kew. Variations in the aerial scape, spathe, perianth, corona-teeth, pistil, stamens, capsules and seeds, as well as those of leaf base and leaf orientation are good markers to separate the different species. As a result, five species are recognized, including P. trianthum as a new record to the flora of Egypt. It is restricted to the south-eastern corner of Egypt (Gebel Elba region) and being unique in possessing solitary spathe and long attenuate leaf base. A specific key and descriptions are given with typifications.

XXVIII.—Geological Observations in South-eastern and Central Iceland

1949 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 779-791 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. W. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Volcanic Rocks ◽  
Glacial Deposits ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
East And West ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Basalt Plateau ◽  
Basaltic Lavas ◽  
Group 1

The volcanic rocks of Iceland have been grouped by Tyrrell and Peacock (1928) into:3. The Recent, Post-Glacial and Late Interglacial Eruptives.2. The Early Glacial Breccia or Palagonite Formation.1. The Pre-Glacial Kainozoic Basalt Plateau.Group 1 consists of nearly 10,000 feet of basalts with lignite beds, acid extrusives and acid and basic intrusions. In the east and west of Iceland the old plateau is exposed, but centrally it is down-faulted and covered with more recent tuffs and lavas.Group 2 contains a varied assemblage of deposits comprising tuffs, breccias and lavas, moraines, boulder clays and fluvioglacial sediments (Nielsen and Noe-Nygaard, 1936 a). The lower part of this formation consists of over 2000 feet of basaltic lavas with interbedded glacial and fossiliferous deposits, and the upper part of glacial and fluvio-glacial deposits with doleritic lavas.Group 3 is made up mainly of basaltic lavas but with occasional acid phases. In the ice-covered highlands the volcanoes have continued to produce tuffs and breccias.

Study of clinical and morphological features of postoperative nasal septum perforations

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 64-69
Author(s):  
I. I. Morozov ◽  
◽  
N. S. Grachev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Septum ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Tissue Elasticity ◽  
Cytological Picture ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Choice Of Technique ◽  
Group 1

The literature provides many ways to close perforations of the nasal septum (NS), there is no differential approach to the choice of technique depending on the etiological factor. Objective: to study the clinical and morphological features of tissues at the edges of postoperative nasal septum perforations (PNSP) to substantiate the choice of the optimal surgical technique. Materials and methods. 52 patients are divided into 3 groups in accordance with the area (S) of PNSP: 1st S < 1 cm2 (10%); 2nd S 1–2 cm2 (75%), 3rd S > 2 cm2 (15%). In group 2, the subgroups are: 2A – PNSP without curvature of the NS (CNS) (52%); 2B – PNSP with CNS (48%). The state of the mucous membrane (MM) and supporting tissues at the edges of the PNSP, the results of a cytological study from the edges of the PNSP, and specific complaints of the patients were evaluated. Results: In group 1 and 2 at the edges of the PNSP, there was a significant decrease in tissue elasticity compared with group 3, indicating a deficit in supporting tissues (p < 0.05). The ratio of the area of the defect of supporting tissues and PNSP in group 1 was 1 to 3.5, in group 2 – 1 to 1.5, in group 3 – 1 to 1.1. A high degree of elasticity of the posterior edge of PNSP is accompanied by pronounced clinical manifestations, regardless of the size of PNSP, and is confirmed by the cytological picture of inflammation (p <0.01). The presence of CNS enhances the clinical manifestations of PNSPI (p < 0.05). Conclusion: the structure of the edges of PNSP forms the clinical picture of the disease. When choosing a closure method for PNSP, the surgeon must solve the following problems: the size of the NS defect required for replacement is determined not so much by the dimensions of the PNSP as the area of the defect in the supporting tissues of the NS; with a deficit of local tissues, it is advisable to additionally use grafts; MM in the area of the posterior and lower edges has pronounced signs of inflammation, these tissues should be removed during the operation.

scholarly journals Women in Neo-Assyrian Palaces: The case of the ekal mašarti in Nimrud/Kalḫu

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Schmalenberger
Keyword(s):  
The South ◽  
Archaeological Evidence ◽  
City Wall ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Architectural Features ◽  
Basic Facts ◽  
The City

Ø  Basic Facts on Nimrud:Left Bank of the Tigris, North of the Greater Zabcapital of the Neo-Assyrian empire since 878 B.C. under King Aššurnaṣirpal (883 - 859 B.C.)The city wall encloses an area of 380 haThe main architectural features are located on the northern and the south-eastern acropolis, including various palaces and temple buildingsØ  The ekal mašarti:Built under King Šalmaneser III. (858 - 824 B.C.)completed 844 B.C.on the south-eastern acropolismainly used for military purposes (Areas NW, NE, SW and SE)Representation rooms (Area T) and private quarters (Area S) in the southØ  Women in the ekal mašarti:Clear archaeological evidence for the presence of women in the palace; Finds: Amulets (Bes, Lamaštu, Pazuzu), skorpion, fibulaeImportant rooms in area S: throne room of the queen (S 5) and bureau (S 10) of the šakintu (female high-official)Reception rooms and working areas on the ground floorLiving quarters on the upper floorNot all women belonging to the household of the queen, also lived in the (same) palace

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