scholarly journals Indicator Species for Oligotrophic Semi-Natural Grasslands in Apuseni Mountains

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Florin PACURAR ◽  
Ioan ROTAR ◽  
Anca BOGDAN ◽  
Roxana VIDICAN
Keyword(s):  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Indicator Species ◽  
Agricultural Systems ◽  
Apuseni Mountains ◽  
Large Plant ◽  
Indicator Value ◽  
Natural Grasslands

The extensive exploitation of agricultural systems is the factor which created the semi-natural grasslands with large plant diversity. These meadows’ persistence depends in a large extent on the extensive use which can be recognized in the field by the presence of certain species having an indicator value. This paper’s objective is to elaborate a list of indicator species for the extensive use of the semi-natural grasslands in the boreal floor.

scholarly journals The Influence of Different Type of Management upon the Floristic Structure of Grasslands Systems, with Special Attention on Arnica montana L.

2013 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-46
Author(s):  
Adriana MOREA ◽  
Ioan ROTAR ◽  
Roxana VIDICAN ◽  
Florin PÄ‚CURAR ◽  
Anamaria MÄ‚LINAȘ
Keyword(s):  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Soil Type ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Apuseni Mountains ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
Organic And Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Natural Grasslands ◽  
Mountainous Landscape ◽  
Floristic Structure ◽  
Future Management

The maintenance of semi-natural grasslands within the mountainous landscape is deeply influenced by fertilization. Application of fertilizer will cause changes in the chemical composition of the plant and will increase the palatability, decreasing the denials. One should apply fertilizers taking into account the way of exploitation of the grassland. If the grasslands are grazed, much of the nutrients return into the meadow by manure, fattening being more important than on mowed lawns where all the nutrients taken from plants are exported. The aim of this paper was to assess the influence of organic and mineral fertilizers upon semi-natural grassland’s plant diversity on different soil types. The research was carried out in Apuseni Mountains, in an experimental field with one experience with organic fertilizers  ( T1 control, T2 10 t ha-1manure, T3 20 t ha-1 manure, T4 30 t ha-1 manure ) . Mineral fertilizers complex NPK 20:10:10 ratio was applied in three quantities: 50N 25P 25 K, 100N 50P 50K, and 150N 75P 75 K. The results showed that the largest quantities of mineral fertilizers generated a considerable decrease of plant diversity. For future management actions that are meant to maintain plant diversity in Apuseni Mountains, the organic fertilization with 10 t ha-1 manure quantities administrated annually or once on two years. In conclusion is justified to make organic treatments on Preluvosol Rodic soil type and mineral treatments on Eutricambosol Rendzinic soil type.

scholarly journals The Effect of Mineral Fertilization upon the Floristical Composition of the Mountain

2012 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Florin PÄ‚CURAR ◽  
Ioan ROTAR ◽  
Anca BOGDAN ◽  
Roxana VIDICAN
Keyword(s):  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Considerable Decrease ◽  
Apuseni Mountains ◽  
Natural Grasslands ◽  
Chemical Fertilization ◽  
The Future ◽  
Mountainous Landscape

The administration of large quantities of chemical fertilizers may strongly diminish the plant diversity of semi-natural grasslands. In the Apuseni Mountains (Romania), the chemical fertilization is rarely used, but, considering the population’s decrease and the livestock diminish, this might have a greater importance in the future. The maintenance of semi-natural grasslands within the mountainous landscape depends greatly on fertilization. Our paper’s goal is to assess the influence of mineral fertilizers upon semi- natural grassland’s plant diversity. Mineral fertilizers complex NPK 20:10:10 ratio was applied in three quantities: 50N 25P 25 K, 100N 50P 50K, and 150N 75P 75 K. The large quantities of mineral fertilizers generated a considerable decrease of the plant diversity.

scholarly journals Soil fungal diversity in natural grasslands of the Tibetan Plateau: associations with plant diversity and productivity

2017 ◽  
Vol 215 (2) ◽  
pp. 756-765 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teng Yang ◽  
Jonathan M. Adams ◽  
Yu Shi ◽  
Jin-sheng He ◽  
Xin Jing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Fungal Diversity ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Natural Grasslands ◽  
Soil Fungal Diversity

scholarly journals The Cumulative Effect of Manure on a Festuca Rubra Grasslands for 15 Years

2017 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 126
Author(s):  
Ioana VAIDA ◽  
Ioan ROTAR ◽  
Florin PACURAR
Keyword(s):  
Cumulative Effect ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Festuca Rubra ◽  
Apuseni Mountains ◽  
Yield Production ◽  
Rigorous Research ◽  
Natural Grasslands ◽  
Significant Yield

Over time, studies of the vegetation of natural grasslands have evolved from simple observations to rigorous research. Feed obtained from natural meadows without major technological imputations is mediocre in quality, and pastures in a rather advanced state of degradation. The main purpose of this paper is the ecological and fodder evaluation of the Festuca rubra type of grasslands in the Apuseni Mountains based on the floristic composition and the productivity of these grasslands. The experience was carried out in Ghetari village, Apuseni Mountains, which was located in 2001, following the method of randomized blocks with 4 experimental variants in 4 rehearsals. Each variant were fertilized with organic inputs using the same quantities each year. In the paper we use the results obtained after 15 years of experience. The application of organic fertilizers caused significant changes in the canopy causing changes in the dominance of the type of grassland. The livestock manure applied on the studied grassland has increases significant yield production at all variants of fertilization.In this paper it was shown on which species the productivity of the grassland increased from the control variant to the fertilized variant with the maximum dose. Regarding the analysis of the phytodiversity, this tells us if the number of species is reduced in all the treatments, 10 t/ha of manure leads to an increase in phytocoenosis equivalence and implicitly to the Shannon index.

Spatio-temporal variations of caddisfly assemblages in a chalk stream, Balaton Upland, Hungary

Zoosymposia ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 439-452
Author(s):  
ILDIKÓ SZIVÁK ◽  
ARNOLD MÓRA ◽  
JÚLIA KATALIN TÖRÖK
Keyword(s):  
Indicator Species ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Human Impacts ◽  
Temporal Structure ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Aquatic Habitats ◽  
Indicator Value ◽  
Spatio Temporal

In 2006–2007 larval caddisfly assemblages of a semi-natural calcareous stream (Örvényesi Creek) were studied. Characteristic sections can be detected along the whole length of the stream, which passes through diverse types of vegetation, resulting in highly heterogeneous aquatic habitats. Based on an annual survey of different aquatic habitats, our aims were to give an overview of the spatio-temporal distribution of the larval caddisfly assemblages in the Örvényesi Creek and to find indicator species characterizing different sections of the stream. In order to show the spatio-temporal patterns, samples were collected at 7 locations with different streambed morphology, from spring to the mouth of the stream. Caddisfly larvae were collected in every 3rd week during a 1 year period using the “kick and sweep” method. Multivariate analyses were carried out to explore the spatio-temporal structure of caddisfly assemblages. The indicator value method was applied to detect indicator species for different sections of the stream. A rich caddisfly fauna (20 taxa) was found in the Örvényesi Creek. Fast-running and relatively cold-water hypocrenal sections were characterized by Beraea maurus and Apatania muliebris at high indicator value. Three Limnephilidae species (Limnephilus rhombicus, Limnephilus lunatus and Glyphotaelius pellucidus) were identified as significant indicator species for slow flowing, lentic habitats. Along the length of the stream, distinctive spatial and temporal changes were detected in the distribution of the caddisfly assemblages. These changes were mainly connected to variations in morphology of the streambed, phenology of individual taxa, extreme weather conditions and human impacts.

Comparison of animal biodiversity in three livestock systems of open environments of the semi-arid Chaco of Argentina

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofia Marinaro ◽  
Ricardo H. Grau
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Indicator Species ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Arid Ecosystems ◽  
Conservation Value ◽  
Landscape Conservation ◽  
Natural Grasslands ◽  
High Conservation ◽  
Livestock Systems ◽  
Semi Arid

Increasing global food demand requires the exploration of agricultural production systems that minimise the conflict between food production and biodiversity conservation. Cattle ranching is a main land-use in tropical and sub-tropical South American semi-arid ecosystems, such as the Chaco eco-region of sub-tropical Argentina, one of the most active frontiers of land-use change. Despite open habits being a key component of the Chaco landscape, conservation studies and policies have focussed on forests. In this study, bird and mammal communities of three different open-canopy livestock-producing systems in the semi-arid Argentinian Chaco: natural grasslands, sown non-native pastures and silvopastoral systems are discussed. Diversity (Inverse Simpson index) and species composition (multivariate ordinations) were measured and species identified that characterise each system (indicator species). The three livestock systems did not significantly differ in terms of diversity but showed differences in the composition of bird communities. Natural grasslands had the highest number of bird and mammal indicator species (including Myrmecophaga tridactyla, a high conservation-value species). These results highlight natural grasslands as a landscape unit with a high conservation value and indicate that they should be explicitly targeted by conservation and land-use policies, particularly because they represent a small and rapidly decreasing proportion of the semi-arid Argentinian Chaco.

Indicator species analysis as a test of non-random distribution of species in the context of marine protected areas

2002 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Mouillot ◽  
Jean-Michel Culioli ◽  
Thang Do Chi
Keyword(s):  
Indicator Species ◽  
Marine Reserve ◽  
Randomization Test ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Data Set ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Indicator Value ◽  
Mass Capture ◽  
Species Analysis ◽  
Species Being

Species are identified as bioindicators when their presence or abundance within sites of a particular habitat or a conservation area are high. Dufrêne and Legendre (1997), Ecological Monographs 67: 345–366, proposed the use of a flexible asymmetrical approach to detect indicator species and species assemblages characterizing groups of sites, the indicator value for each species being subsequently tested by randomization. Although the advantages of these methods in comparison to other multivariate or two-way indicator species analyses have been demonstrated, relatively few ecological studies have made use of them. The aim of the present study was to demonstrate the advantages of the indicator species test using a data set generated by traditional fisheries activities at four areas in the Bonifacio Strait Marine Reserve, Corsica, France. ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis and another randomization test were also performed on the same data set. Of the 54 species caught in the fishing nets, the indicator species analyses identified 19 species for which the indicator value was significant for a given area, whereas the a posteriori Tukey test for ANOVA detected only 12 species for which the mass capture per unit effort was significantly greater for a given area. The efficiency of this new approach within the framework of conservation and marine reserve studies is demonstrated by focusing on three species (Sciaena umbra, Palinurus elephas and Maja verrucosa).

scholarly journals The Biodiversity Promotion Areas: effectiveness of agricultural direct payments on plant diversity conservation in the semi-natural grasslands of the Southern Swiss Alps

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (14) ◽  
pp. 4155-4172
Author(s):  
Simone Ravetto Enri ◽  
Emiliano Nucera ◽  
Michele Lonati ◽  
Pier Francesco Alberto ◽  
Massimiliano Probo
Keyword(s):  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Swiss Alps ◽  
Species Number ◽  
Ecological Indicator ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Natural Grasslands ◽  
Meadow Species

Abstract An agro-environmental payment for the management of the so-called ‘Biodiversity Promotion Areas’ (BPA) has been used to accomplish biodiversity conservation goals in Switzerland. These areas have been managed according to specific limitations on mowing dates and fertilizers. We assessed the regional-scale effectiveness of BPA implementation within Ticino Canton by answering the following questions: (i) is plant species diversity higher in BPA than in conventionally managed grasslands (CMG)? (ii) which are the differences between BPA and CMG in terms of climatic, topographical, ecological, and vegetation variables? (iii) which vegetation types, functional groups, and plant species are specifically related to BPA? A total of 242 vegetation surveys (64 in BPA and 178 in CMG, respectively) was carried out in 55 farms and the main climatic and topographic features were assessed. Differences in terms of plant diversity, ecological indicator and pastoral values, species functional groups, vegetation types, and indicator species between BPA and CMG were assessed. The BPA harboured a higher plant diversity. They were located in steeper areas, at higher elevations, and characterised by lower soil nutrient content, mowing tolerance, and pastoral value than CMG. Dry meadow species number and cover were higher in BPA, while nutrient-rich meadow species number was higher in CMG. The species associated to BPA belonged to a wider range of functional groups and 38% of them belonged to the national list for biodiversity promotion in agriculture, whereas no species associated to CMG belonged to that list. Thus, our results confirmed the effectiveness of BPA for biodiversity conservation for the Southern Swiss Alps.

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