Patterns of Genetic Diversity and Structure at Fine Scale of an Endangered Moroccan Endemic Tree (Argania spinosa L. Skeels) Based on ISSR Polymorphism

Mangrove forests are ecologically and economically valuable resources composed of trees morphologically and physiologically adapted to thrive across a range of habitats. Although, mangrove trees have high dispersion capacity, complexity of hydrological systems may lead to a fine-scale genetic structure (FSGS). The Transverse Coastal Corridor (TCC) is an interesting case of hydrological systems from fresh to marine waters where mangrove forests dominate. We evaluated genetic diversity and structure of Rhizophora mangle across a range of hydrological conditions within the TCC using inter-simple sequence repeat molecular markers. Sampling included four hydrological systems, two localities inside each system, and fringe and dwarf trees. Genetic differentiation was evaluated at local (<100 km) and fine (<10 km) scales through a set of analyses, and genetic diversity was evaluated at all scale levels and between fringe and dwarf physiognomic types. Rhizophora mangle exhibited a high genetic structure at both scales with high genetic diversity. The genetic structure observed among hydrological systems likely reflects the historical dispersion of mangroves, whereas the FSGS reflect contemporary processes such as seed dispersal restriction, habitat fragmentation, and local water flow regimes. A higher genetic diversity for dwarf than for fringe trees and differentiation between both physiognomic types at a fine-scale were observed and discussed.

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Maintenance of high levels of genetic diversity and significant fine-scale genetic structure among age classes in single-tree populations of the endangered epiphytic orchid Laelia speciosa (Orchidaceae) in central Mexico

Botanical Sciences ◽

10.17129/botsci.2169 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 97 (3) ◽

pp. 366 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Aurea C. Cortes-Palomec ◽

Ross A. McCauley ◽

Ken Oyama

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Genetic Structure ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Tree Canopy ◽

Fine Scale ◽

Age Classes ◽

Epiphytic Orchid ◽

Single Tree ◽

Genetic Diversity And Structure ◽

Laelia Speciosa

Background: Epiphytic plants exist within the complex three-dimensional habitat of the tree canopy. This can have a profound effect on patterns of both genetic diversity and structure and may be important for conservation of epiphytic species. Objective: To evaluate how the epiphytic habit affects fine-scale three-dimensional genetic structure in single canopy tree populations. Studied species: Laelia speciosa, a threatened endemic Mexican epiphytic orchid. Study site and dates: Field sampling occurred during Spring 2006 in the municipality of Caurio de Guadalupe, Michoacán.Methods: All individuals occurring in two trees of Q. deserticola (178 in Tree 1 and 276 in Tree 2) were mapped, assigned to four discrete age classes, and genotyped at six microsatellite loci to understand patterns of genetic diversity and structure. Results: High levels of genetic diversity (polymorphic loci = 100 %, Ho = 0.398 – 0.506) occurred across size classes and trees but were not significantly different between the two trees. Significant fine-scale genetic structure was found in the Juvenile (plants 2-10 years old) and Adults I (11-20 years old) age classes in distances up to 15 cm. This significant structure was larger (up to 25 cm) when all individuals were treated as a single age class.Conclusion: The distribution and structure of genetic diversity is attributable to the epiphytic habit, particularly localized seed dispersal, limited selfing, and selection of adaptive traits. Conservation implications related to the sampling for in vitro propagation are given in light of the metapopulation genetic variability maintained within single-tree populations.

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Patterns of Genetic Diversity and Structure at Fine Scale of an Endangered Moroccan Endemic Tree (Argania spinosa L. Skeels) Based on ISSR Polymorphism

Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca ◽

10.15835/nbha4329842 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 43 (2) ◽

pp. 528-535 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Jamila MOUHADDAB ◽

Naima AIT AABD ◽

Hafid ACHTAK ◽

Fouad MSANDA ◽

Abdelaziz ZAHIDI ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Polymorphic Locus ◽

Natural Habitat ◽

Geographical Location ◽

Inter Simple Sequence Repeat ◽

Conservation Strategies ◽

Argania Spinosa ◽

Genetic Diversity And Structure ◽

In The Wild ◽

High Level

The preservation of the diversity of endangered populations of argan trees, in their natural habitat, is a crucial step toward their conservation. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the genetic diversity of the argan trees in the wild, and to establish a phylogenetic map using DNA fingerprints. The ultimate goal was to develop a core set that would represent the existing diversity in the whole germplasm. In regard to this, 200 samples of Argania spinosa individual trees were collected from 10 different provenances in the region of Essaouira (Morocco). The genetic variation between and within these argan trees was investigated using previously described Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat markers. These markers generated a total of 149 fragments, in which 148 (99.33%) were polymorphic. The samples collected in the â€˜Ouled Lhajâ€™ provenance showed the lowest diversity (% of polymorphic locus P=48.32%; genetic diversity Nei h=0.153; allelic richness A=1.483), compared to those collected in the â€˜Mramerâ€™ provenance (%P=68.46%; h=0.233; A=1.685). Also, the results showed a high level of genetic differentiation among provenances (AMOVA=44%, Gst=0.40), and a limited gene flow (Nm=0.73) between the provenances. In addition, these data suggested a low correlation between the genetic diversity of the tree and their respective geographical location in relation to the proximity to the littoral. Finally, a core collection of 13 genotypes that represent the essential of the detected diversity was established. The distribution pattern of this genetic diversity provides an important baseline data for the conservation strategies of argan tree species in the wild.

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Genetic diversity and structure in Pelvetia fastigiata (Phaeophyta: Fucales): does a small effective neighborhood size explain fine-scale genetic structure?

Marine Biology ◽

10.1007/bf00354619 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 126 (3) ◽

pp. 371-382 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

S. L. Williams ◽

R. E. Di Fiori

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Genetic Structure ◽

Neighborhood Size ◽

Fine Scale ◽

Genetic Diversity And Structure

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Genetic diversity and population structure of Plasmodium falciparum in Nigeria: insights from microsatellite loci analysis

Malaria Journal ◽

10.1186/s12936-021-03734-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Fehintola V. Ajogbasile ◽

Adeyemi T. Kayode ◽

Paul E. Oluniyi ◽

Kazeem O. Akano ◽

Jessica N. Uwanibe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Plasmodium Falciparum ◽

Population Structure ◽

Microsatellite Loci ◽

Control Strategies ◽

Population Diversity ◽

Parasite Population ◽

Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽

Public Health Burden ◽

Genetic Diversity And Structure

Abstract Background Malaria remains a public health burden especially in Nigeria. To develop new malaria control and elimination strategies or refine existing ones, understanding parasite population diversity and transmission patterns is crucial. Methods In this study, characterization of the parasite diversity and structure of Plasmodium falciparum isolates from 633 dried blood spot samples in Nigeria was carried out using 12 microsatellite loci of P. falciparum. These microsatellite loci were amplified via semi-nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and fragments were analysed using population genetic tools. Results Estimates of parasite genetic diversity, such as mean number of different alleles (13.52), effective alleles (7.13), allelic richness (11.15) and expected heterozygosity (0.804), were high. Overall linkage disequilibrium was weak (0.006, P < 0.001). Parasite population structure was low (Fst: 0.008–0.105, AMOVA: 0.039). Conclusion The high level of parasite genetic diversity and low population structuring in this study suggests that parasite populations circulating in Nigeria are homogenous. However, higher resolution methods, such as the 24 SNP barcode and whole genome sequencing, may capture more specific parasite genetic signatures circulating in the country. The results obtained can be used as a baseline for parasite genetic diversity and structure, aiding in the formulation of appropriate therapeutic and control strategies in Nigeria.

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